Visual Outcome and Treatment Frequency of Anti-VEGF Therapy Using the Treat-and-Extend and Treatment Cessation Regimen for Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy.

Purpose: To report the results of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy using treat-and-extend (TAE) and treatment cessation regimens for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PN).

Methods: We retrospectively studied 101 treatment-naïve eyes of 101 patients with exudative AMD and PN that underwent anti-VEGF therapy using TAE and treatment cessation regimen with a follow-up period of ≥12 months. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), treatment frequency, and number of eyes with successful treatment cessation were measured.

Multimodal Imaging of a Severe Case of Neonatal Acute Retinal Necrosis and Lens Vacuoles Associated with Herpes Simplex Virus Infection.

Purpose: To report a case of a neonate with acute retinal necrosis, lens vacuoles, and encephalitis associated with herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection.

Design: Case report.

Methods: Retrospective chart review.

Systemic and Ocular Determinants of Choroidal Structures on Optical Coherence Tomography of Eyes with Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy.

Knowledgeof the choroidal structures in eyes with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR) should provide information on the pathogenesis of DR. A prospective study was performed to determine the systemic and ocular factors that affect the choroidal structures in eyes with diabetes. Two-hundred consecutive diabetic subjects consisted of 160 treatment-naïve patients with different stages of DR and 40 patients with proliferative DR with prior panretinal photocoagulation (PRP).

Targeting the Notch-regulated non-coding RNA TUG1 for glioma treatment.

Targeting self-renewal is an important goal in cancer therapy and recent studies have focused on Notch signalling in the maintenance of stemness of glioma stem cells (GSCs). Understanding cancer-specific Notch regulation would improve specificity of targeting this pathway. In this study, we find that Notch1 activation in GSCs specifically induces expression of the lncRNA, TUG1.

LATS2 Positively Regulates Polycomb Repressive Complex 2.

LATS2, a pivotal Ser/Thr kinase of the Hippo pathway, plays important roles in many biological processes. LATS2 also function in Hippo-independent pathway, including mitosis, DNA damage response and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. However, the physiological relevance and molecular basis of these LATS2 functions remain obscure.

Histone Deacetylase Inhibition in Prostate Cancer Triggers miR-320-Mediated Suppression of the Androgen Receptor.

Targeting androgen receptor (AR) by pharmacologic intervention is one of the effective approaches for treatment of malignant prostate cancers. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) alters the epigenetic status of tumor-associated genes, including those for miRNAs (miRNA), and affects the behavior of cancers. Here, we examined the molecular effects of a HDAC inhibitor, OBP-801, on AR expression and tumor cell growth in prostate cancers.

Aberrant TET1 Methylation Closely Associated with CpG Island Methylator Phenotype in Colorectal Cancer.

Inactivation of methylcytosine dioxygenase, ten-eleven translocation (TET) is known to be associated with aberrant DNA methylation in cancers. Tumors with a CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), a distinct subgroup with extensive DNA methylation, show characteristic features in the case of colorectal cancer. The relationship between TET inactivation and CIMP in colorectal cancers is not well understood.

Management of extremely low birth weight neonates with bowel obstruction within 2 weeks after birth.

Purpose: The majority of bowel obstructions in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates are meconium-related ileus (MRI). ELBW neonates with bowel obstruction may recover by conservative treatment, but some do not. Considering the high surgical morbidity rates, unnecessary surgery should be avoided.

C-terminus of the Sgf73 subunit of SAGA and SLIK is important for retention in the larger complex and for heterochromatin boundary function.

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains active and inactive chromatin separated by boundary domains. Previously, we used genome-wide screening to identify 55 boundary-related genes. Here, we focus on Sgf73, a boundary protein that is a component of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA) and SLIK (SAGA-like) complexes.

Chromatin regulator PRC2 is a key regulator of epigenetic plasticity in glioblastoma.

Tumor cell plasticity contributes to functional and morphologic heterogeneity. To uncover the underlying mechanisms of this plasticity, we examined glioma stem-like cells (GSC) where we found that the biologic interconversion between GSCs and differentiated non-GSCs is functionally plastic and accompanied by gain or loss of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), a complex that modifies chromatin structure. PRC2 mediates lysine 27 trimethylation on histone H3 and in GSC it affected pluripotency or development-associated genes (e.

Translumenal esophageal anastomosis for natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery: an ex vivo feasibility study.

Aim: This study aimed to develop a novel procedure for esophagoesophageal anastomosis for natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES).

Materials And Methods: An ex vivo feasibility study was performed in eight porcine models. The procedure was as follows: (1) A BraceBar™ (Olympus Medical Systems Corp.

Fub1p, a novel protein isolated by boundary screening, binds the proteasome complex.

Silenced chromatin domains are restricted to specific regions. Eukaryotic chromosomes are organized into discrete domains delimited by domain boundaries. From approximately 6,000 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we previously isolated 55 boundary genes.

Boundaries of transcriptionally silent chromatin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, heterochromatic gene silencing has been found within HMR and HML silent mating type loci, the telomeres, and the rRNA-encoding DNA. There may be boundary elements that regulate the spread of silencing to protect genes adjacent to silenced domains from this epigenetic repressive effect. Many assays show that specific DNA regulatory elements separate a euchromatic locus from a neighboring heterochromatic domain and thereby function as a boundary.

An animal model study for tissue-engineered trachea fabricated from a biodegradable scaffold using chondrocytes to augment repair of tracheal stenosis.

Introduction: We have designed an engineered graft fabricated from a biodegradable scaffold using chondrocytes and applied this construct to augment repair of tracheal stenosis. This study investigated the feasibility of using such tissue-engineered airways with autologous chondrocytes in a rabbit model.

Material And Methods: Chondrocytes were isolated and expanded from the auricular cartilage of New Zealand white rabbits, then seeded onto composite 3-layer scaffolds consisting of a collagen sheet, a polyglycolic acid mesh, and a copolymer (l-lactide/epsilon-caprolactone) coarse mesh.

Antenatally diagnosed giant multicystic dysplastic kidney resected during the neonatal period.

At 24 weeks of gestation, a fetus was suspected of having a huge intraabdominal cyst by fetal ultrasound. Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) was the most probable diagnosis; however, because a solid area was visualized in the large cystic lesion, a neoplasm of the kidney could not be ruled out. A 3529-g boy was born at 35 weeks of gestation by cesarean delivery.

Cloning and expression of three formate oxidase genes from Debaryomyces vanrijiae MH201.

Debaryomyces vanrijiae MH201 produces formate oxidase (FOD) at estimated pI values by native isoelectric focusing of 5.1, 5.4, and 5.

Identification of novel suppressors for Mog1 implies its involvement in RNA metabolism, lipid metabolism and signal transduction.

Mog1 is conserved from yeast to mammal, but its function is obscure. We isolated yeast genes that rescued a temperature-sensitive death of S. cerevisiae Scmog1Delta, and of S.