Correlation of CT-based radiomics analysis with pathological cellular infiltration in fibrosing interstitial lung diseases.

Purpose: We aimed to identify computed tomography (CT) radiomics features that are associated with cellular infiltration and construct CT radiomics models predictive of cellular infiltration in patients with fibrotic ILD.

Materials And Methods: CT images of patients with ILD who underwent surgical lung biopsy (SLB) were analyzed. Radiomics features were extracted using artificial intelligence-based software and PyRadiomics.

Stimulation of the adenosine A3 receptor, not the A1 or A2 receptors, promote neurite outgrowth of retinal ganglion cells.

Among candidate neuroprotective agents, adenosine is thought to be a possible treatment for central nervous system disorders. Adenosine elicits biological effects through four G protein-coupled receptors (A, A, A, and A). The A and A receptors stimulate adenylyl cyclase (AC) and increase cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, whereas A and A receptors inhibit AC and decrease cAMP levels.

Treat-and-extend versus every-other-month regimens with aflibercept in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To compare the 1-year outcomes of treat-and-extend (TAE) and every-other-month (2M) regimens with intravitreal aflibercept in Japanese wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients.

Methods: Prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of eyes in which the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was maintained at week 52 [with a loss of <0.

Differentiated Expression Patterns and Phagocytic Activities of Type 1 and 2 Microglia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the differentiated expression patterns and phagocytic activities of two subtypes of microglia.

Methods: A rat optic nerve crush model was used to identify the expression patterns of two subtypes of microglia. Primary microglia were isolated from rat mixed glial cultures.

Effects of mechanical stress and vitreous samples in retinal pigment epithelial cells.

In rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), scattered RPE cells from the basement membrane into the vitreous cavity undergo an epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and form the intraocular fibrous membrane in response to vitreous fluid. We investigated whether exposure to vitreous samples was associated with EMT-associated signals and mesenchymal characters. Human vitreous samples were collected from patients with RRD, epiretinal membrane (ERM), or macular hole (MH).

Merlin Regulates Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of ARPE-19 Cells via TAK1-p38MAPK-Mediated Activation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the function of merlin, which is a binding partner of the hyaluronan receptor CD44, during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human retinal pigment epithelium (ARPE-19) cells.

Methods: Human retinal pigment epithelium cells were stimulated with TNF-α and treated using epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition inhibitors (a dynamin inhibitor or transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 [TAK1] inhibitor). Levels of protein expression were assessed by immunoblot analysis, and localization of the relevant proteins was determined by immunofluorescence microscopy.

Risk factors for choroidal detachment after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors for choroidal detachment after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 420 patients (420 eyes) with glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy with MMC between June 1, 2005 and December 31, 2010 at Kumamoto University Hospital, Japan. Choroidal detachment after trabeculectomy was defined as a solid-appearing elevation of the retina and choroid.

Risk factors for hyphema after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C.

Purpose: To determine the risk factors for hyphema after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC).

Patients And Methods: In total, 420 patients (420 eyes) with glaucoma who underwent trabeculectomy with MMC between June 1, 2005 and December 31, 2010 at Kumamoto University Hospital, Japan, were retrospectively evaluated. Hyphema after trabeculectomy was defined as the niveau formed by bleeding in the anterior chamber.

A newly designed and constructed 20 kHz magnetic field exposure facility for in vivo study.

Exposure to man-made electromagnetic fields has increased over the past century. As a result of exposure to these fields, concerns have been raised regarding the relationship between electromagnetic fields and human health. Interest in the biological and health effects of intermediate frequency (IF) magnetic fields has grown recently because of the increase in public concern.