Fulminant Clostridioides (Costridium) difficile infection caused by a rare strain of PCR-ribotype 153 in Japan: A case report.

Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI), often severe when producing toxin A, toxin B, and CDT, can cause life-threatening fulminant infections, especially in vulnerable patients. This case report discusses a 39-year-old woman with no medical history who developed severe CDI after antibiotic treatment, leading to fatal hypovolemic shock.

A case of peripheral T-cell lymphoma in which therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome developed and a second autologous transplantation was performed.

We report a case of therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), which developed 9 years after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). A 65-year-old male was diagnosed with PTCL-NOS. After 6 cycles of the CHOP (cyclophosphamide [CPA], doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) regimen, he achieved a first complete response (CR).

Tracheobronchitis in patients with diffuse wall thickening: Three case reports.

We herein report the cases of three patients with chest symptoms or fever and diffuse wall thickening of the trachea and main bronchi on chest CT. They were diagnosed with various causes of inflammations of the trachea and main bronchi using bronchial or tracheal biopsy specimens and flexible bronchoscopy.

The characteristics of the immune cell profiles in peripheral blood in cholangiocarcinoma patients.

Background: Immune related cells are known to be closely related to the therapeutic effects and prognoses of cancer patients. In this study, we analyzed immune cell profiles (ICP) of cholangiocarcinoma patients (CCA).

Methods: To measure the frequency of immune cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 41 CCA and 10 healthy volunteers (HV) were analyzed by FACS.

Sclerosing mesenteritis mimicking metachronous peritoneal metastases from descending colon adenocarcinoma.

Background: Sclerosing mesenteritis is a non-neoplastic inflammatory disease that occurs in the bowel mesentery. Distinguishing sclerosing mesenteritis from neoplasms may be difficult because of the clinical and radiographic similarities between the two disease entities.

Case Presentation: We report a case of sclerosing mesenteritis mimicking peritoneal metastases of colorectal carcinoma.

Fulminant respiratory failure due to progressive metastatic pulmonary calcification with no predisposing factors after successful renal transplantation: A case report.

We report the patient with MPC who developed fulminant respiratory failure that leads to death with no predisposing factors after successful renal transplantation. In addition to infectious diseases, MPC should be kept in mind when post-transplantation patients develop pulmonary symptoms. The majority of the patients with MPC are asymptomatic; however, some patients develop fulminant respiratory failure and may progress to death.

Prostatic Stromal Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential Which Was Difficult to Diagnose.

Here, we report a case of stromal tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) that was difficult to diagnose. A 53-year-old male was found to have a hard nodule on digital rectal examination; magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large nodule on the left side of the prostate, indicating prostate cancer. However, pathological diagnosis of the biopsy specimen was benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcification: Histopathologic features of an autopsied patient with an SLC20A2 mutation.

Idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC), or Fahr's disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by widespread calcification in the brain. Recently, several causative genes have been identified, but the histopathologic features of the brain lesions and expression of the gene products remain unclear. Here, we report the clinical and autopsy features of a 62-year-old Japanese man with familial IBGC, in whom an SLC20A2 mutation was identified.

Thyroglobulin gene mutation with cold nodule on thyroid scintigraphy.

Thyroglobulin gene mutation is a rare cause of congenital hypothyroidism, but thyroglobulin gene mutations are thought to be associated with thyroid cancer development. A 21-year-old Japanese man treated with levothyroxine for congenital hypothyroidism had an enlarged thyroid gland with undetectable serum thyroglobulin despite elevated serum TSH level. The patient was diagnosed with thyroglobulin gene mutation, with compound heterozygosity for Gly304Cys missense mutation and Arg432X nonsense mutation.

IgG4-Related Perineural Disease.

Aims. To elucidate characteristics of IgG4-related disease involving the peripheral nervous system. Methods.

Toxic multinodular goiter with low radioactive iodine uptake.

A 74-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for goiter and persistent thyrotoxicosis. She had no signs of ophthalmopathy. She was not taking thyroid hormone.

Pulmonary tuberculosis with atypical histopathological manifestations.

This report presents a case of pulmonary tuberculosis with atypical histopathological manifestations in an immunocompetent patient. A 37-year-old Japanese man was admitted due to multiple small nodules on chest computed tomography (CT). He was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis following a culture of acid-fast bacterium from suction sputum specimens obtained by bronchoscopy.

SV40 T antigen disrupted the cell metabolism and the balance between proliferation and apoptosis in lens tumors of transgenic mice.

Purpose: Simian Vacuolating Virus 40 (SV40) T antigen perturbed p53 and RB to cause cell malignant transformation. The purpose of this study was to identify the molecular changes during lens carcinogenesis and cancer progression induced by SV40 T antigen.

Methods: The different lens lesions of alpha A-crystallin/SV40 T antigen transgenic mice were examined using cDNA microarray, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL to scan the influenced molecules and signal pathways.

[A case of idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with multiple localized ground-glass opacities].

A 58-year-old Japanese female consulted our staff with multiple localized ground-glass opacities in chest CT. She underwent video assisted thoracoscopic surgery for diagnosis. Histopathologic finding from surgery specimen in one of ground-glass opacities revealed bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.

Thyroid crisis following interstitial nephritis.

A 54-year-old man with Graves' disease had been treated with thiamazole (5 mg/day). His thyroid hormone level was increased after exodontia in February 2006. Although his prescribed dose of thiamazole was increased after exodontia on the fourth day, he developed thyroid crisis on exodontia 52 nd day.

Clinicopathological significance of antinuclear antibodies in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Aim: Serum antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are occasionally noted in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We examined the significance of ANA in NASH.

Methods: We compared clinicopathological features in patients with ANA-positive NASH (n = 35) and ANA-negative NASH (n = 36).

Preclinical Cushing's syndrome resulting from adrenal black adenoma diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis.

A right adrenal tumor was incidentally discovered on abdominal computed tomography performed on a 53-year-old Japanese man, who had been hospitalized with diabetic ketoacidosis. Normal values were obtained for adrenal hormones in the morning after an overnight fast and urinary cortisol excretion after treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis with insulin. However, overnight dexamethasone administration with 1 mg or 8 mg did not completely suppress serum cortisol levels.

Remission of IgA nephropathy after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation followed by immunosuppression for acute lymphocytic leukemia.

We report a case with immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, showing IgA deposition which disappeared after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). In 1996, a 28-year-old man was diagnosed with IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy. Steroid therapy improved proteinuria from 3 g/day to 1 g/day.

Are bile duct lesions of primary biliary cirrhosis distinguishable from those of autoimmune hepatitis and chronic viral hepatitis? Interobserver histological agreement on trimmed bile ducts.

Background: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is histopathologically characterized by chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis and ductopenia of interlobular bile ducts. Bile duct injury is also often encountered in chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) and in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

Methods: In this study, we performed interobserver agreement analysis on 90 injured bile ducts from liver specimens of PBC (17 cases), CVH (26 cases), and AIH (18 cases), with 30 bile ducts chosen from each disease group.

[A case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by Lyophyllum karst].

A 52-year-old woman who has worked at factory to check pack Lyophyllum karst for six years consulted another doctor for dry cough as common cold. After a month, low grade fever, dyspnea on effort, and productive cough brought her to our hospital. Her chest radiographs showed multiple small nodular shadows and ground glass opacities in entire lung fields.