Sutureless Loop Enterostomy in Very Low and Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants.

Introduction Sutureless enterostomy is used as an effective technique for constructing an enterostomy in very low and extremely low birth weight infants in Japan. Sutureless enterostomy is a separate type of enterostomy procedure for low birth weight infants. We adapted this technique and developed sutureless loop enterostomy (SLE), an approach without a skin bridge in which the intestinal wall is not sutured to the abdominal wall.

A rare case of oesophageal atresia complicated by duodenal atresia and anorectal malformation successfully treated with multi-stage surgery.

Introduction: Oesophageal atresia, duodenal atresia, and anorectal malformations are rare. This report describes a case of an infant with these three conditions treated using a multi-stage surgical procedure.

Presentation Of Case: A male infant was delivered via caesarean section at 34 weeks and 4 days of gestation, weighing 1709 g.

Two cases of right congenital diaphragmatic hernia with stable respiratory condition: Two case reports.

Introduction: Right congenital diaphragmatic defect (CDH) has been reported poor prognosis. However, laterality of the defect as the prognostic factor is recent controversial topic. We experienced two cases of right CDH with relatively stable respiratory condition and good clinical course.

Neonatal inguinal hernias containing the uterus: a case report on changes in uterine position.

A female newborn weighing 542 g and delivered at 27 weeks gestation presented with bilateral inguinal hernias while in the neonatal intensive care unit. Ultrasonography confirmed herniation of the uterus into the right inguinal hernia without signs of incarceration. Due to the absence of complications, she was discharged and scheduled for follow-up at the outpatient clinic.

CD69 on Tumor-Infiltrating Cells Correlates With Neuroblastoma Suppression by Simultaneous PD-1 and PD-L1 Blockade.

Introduction: Tumor-infiltrating cells play an important role in tumor immunology, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are critical in antitumor reaction related to immune checkpoint inhibition targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

Methods: In nude mice, which are immune deficient because they lack T cells, and inbred A/J mice, which are syngeneic to neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2a) and have normal T cell function, we investigated the importance of T lymphocytes in immune checkpoint inhibition in mouse neuroblastoma and analyzed the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Then, we subcutaneously injected mouse Neuro-2ainto nude mice and A/J mice, administered anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies by intraperitoneal injection, and evaluated tumor growth.

Expression of programmed cell death-1 on neuroblastoma cells in TH-MYCN transgenic mice.

Background: Immunotherapy may improve the poor prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is expressed in several cancers. The tyrosine hydroxylase MYCN (TH-MYCN) transgenic mouse model is widely used in neuroblastoma research, but detailed information on its immunological background is lacking.

Minimally invasive fenestration for congenital hepatic cyst in infant.

A 19-year-old woman underwent prenatal ultrasonography, which confirmed the presence of an isolated cystic mass in the upper abdominal cavity of a fetus. A female infant weighing 3085 g was delivered at 36 weeks' gestation. Ultrasonography and computed tomography examination revealed a clear unilocular cyst and occupying the right side of the abdomen.

Thoracoscopic removal with fluoroscopic radiographic guidance of thoracoamniotic shunting catheters in newborns.

Fetal thoracoamniotic shunting (TAS), which drains pleural effusion, is a treatment for severe primary fetal pleural effusion. While TAS is an effective treatment, its complications include bleeding and the catheter becoming dislodged, and also penetrating the thoracic cavity or chest wall. Catheters dislodged into the thoracic cavity in TAS can be removed by thoracoscopy.

Change of body composition, physical strength, and nutritional status of patients with mandibular fractures.

The aim was to determine changes in various parameters indicating physical conditions and nutritional status of patients during surgical and conservative treatment of mandibular fractures. A round by a nutrition support team was done once postoperatively for the surgical treatment group. For the conservative treatment group, three rounds were performed during the period of intermaxillary fixation.

Erratum: induction of antitumor DEC-205 CD11c cells in a murine neuroblastoma model by co-stimulation with doxorubicin, lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-4.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Followed by Tumor Infiltration of Dendritic Cells in Murine Neuro-2a Neuroblastoma.

Background: Most tumors responding to immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein1 (PD1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) show surface expression of PD-L1. Neuroblastoma has been reported to show low PD-L1 surface expression.

Methods: The effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor on mouse neuroblastoma was investigated, and host immune cells were analyzed in the tumor microenvironment.

Chemoimmunotherapeutic effect of combined treatment with ex vivo generated antigen-presenting immune cells and conventional antitumor agents in a mouse neuroblastoma model.

Purpose: Combining antitumor immunotherapy with conventional intensive multimodal therapy may be considered for advanced neuroblastoma. We investigated combination therapy with ex vivo generated immunostimulatory cells and intraperitoneal doxorubicin.

Methods: Immunogenic death of neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells was induced by doxorubicin or cisplatin (negative control).

induction of antitumor DEC-205 CD11c cells in a murine neuroblastoma model by co-stimulation with doxorubicin, lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-4.

The antigen-presenting capacity of specific cells and tumor immunogenicity involved in innate cellular immunity are important for initiating an antitumor response to advanced neuroblastoma. The present study was performed to establish a method of producing antigen-presenting cells that induced an immune response to murine neuroblastoma cells through culture with neuroblastoma cells that had undergone immunogenic cell death. Immunogenic death of neuro-2a murine neuroblastoma cells was induced by exposure to doxorubicin.

Coexistence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia and abdominal wall closure defect with chromosomal abnormality: two case reports.

Background: We reported two rare cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia with abdominal wall closure defect, which were not associated with septum transversum diaphragmatic defects or Fryns syndrome.

Case Presentation: Case 1: a Japanese baby boy was delivered at 37 weeks' gestation by urgent cesarean section because of the diagnosis of severe fetal distress. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia with omphalocele was prenatally diagnosed with fetal ultrasound.

Acute acalculous cholecystitis with eosinophilic infiltration.

We report a case of acute acalculous cholecystitis with eosinophilic infiltration. A previously healthy 6-year-old boy was referred with right abdominal pain. Imaging demonstrated marked thickening of the gallbladder wall and peri-cholecystic effusion.

Phagocytosis of bafilomycin A1-treated apoptotic neuroblastoma cells by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells initiates a CD8α+ lymphocyte response to neuroblastoma.

This study aimed to determine whether bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1), a vacuolar H-ATPase inhibitor, could promote an immune response after the induction of apoptosis in mouse neuroblastoma cells. Mouse neuro-2a cells were cultured in a medium containing Baf-A1, and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. To examine the influence in the phagocytic cell, CD11b spleen cells or bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) were cocultured with Baf-A1-treated neuro-2a.

[Comparison of the chemoimmunotherapeutic effect of doxorubicin and bafilomycin-A1 in mouse neuroblastoma cells].

The aim of this study was to compare the ability of the drugs doxorubicin and Bafilomycin-A1(Baf-A1)to promote an immune reaction following the induction of cell death in a mouse neuroblastoma model. Neuro-2a cells were cultured in medium containing doxorubicin or Baf-A1. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(BM-DCs)were co-cultured with neuro-2A cells that were grown in doxorubicin- or Baf-A1-containing media, and phagocytosis of neuro-2a cells by the BN-DCs was evaluated.

Doxorubicin treatment induces tumor cell death followed by immunomodulation in a murine neuroblastoma model.

Chemotherapy of malignant tumors induces tumor cell death. Numerous antitumor agents induce apoptosis of tumor cells, which are subsequently engulfed by phagocytes, initiating an immune reaction. The induction of immunogenic cell death by antitumor agents may be advantageous for antitumor immunity.

Thoracoscopy-assisted removal of a thoracoamniotic shunt double-basket catheter dislodged into the fetal thoracic cavity: report of three cases.

The indications for and timing of surgical removal of a dislodged thoracoamniotic shunt double-basket catheter are not established, and the side effects of the dislodged into the thoracic cavity remain controversial. The double-basket catheter was designed to reduce the incidence of catheter dislodgement; however, we have encountered four cases of thoracoamniotic shunt double-basket catheter dislodgement into the fetal thorax. The dislodged shunt catheters were removed safely with thoracoscopic assistance within several days of birth, when additional treatments for pleural effusion were needed, such as thoracic drainage tube insertion and adhesion treatment of the thorax.

Rare case of disseminated neonatal zygomycosis mimicking necrotizing enterocolitis with necrotizing fasciitis.

A set of monochorionic male twins presented with intestinal perforation. The smaller twin was diagnosed with necrotizing enterocolitis followed by sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and necrotizing fasciitis of the abdominal wall. The infant died on the fourth day after surgery, 16 days after birth.