Intensive Frequent Granulocyte Adsorptive Apheresis Therapy for Acute Fulminant Ulcerative Colitis: Two Consecutive Case Reports.

Granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis (GMA) therapy is a treatment method for ulcerative colitis (UC). Twice-weekly GMA regimens are usually administered to treat severe UC. Although GMA efficacy is considered frequency-dependent, there is no uniformly accepted optimal GMA regimen, and there is insufficient evidence regarding optimal GMA therapy frequency for acute fulminant UC.

Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Infection with Rhabdomyolysis, Acute Kidney Injury, and Interstitial Pneumonia after Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Intravesical Instillation Therapy.

A 79-year-old man experienced a fever and immobility after receiving 6 doses of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) intravesical instillation therapy for bladder tumor. Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury occurred; therefore, hemodialysis was performed. His kidney function was restored.

Remission Induction of IgG4-related Membranous Nephropathy with Multitarget Therapy.

IgG4-related membranous nephropathy (MN) is often refractory to glucocorticoid (GC) therapy, and treatment remains unclear. We herein report a 67-year-old Japanese man with IgG4-related MN and tubulointerstitial nephritis. A post-gastroscopy antibody test revealed Helicobacter pylori infection.

Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in a patient with early bronchial tuberculosis.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are commonly at high risk of tuberculosis (TB). Conversely, TB rarely causes tubulointerstitial nephritis. A 75-year-old Japanese man who was undergoing periodic follow-ups for CKD stage G3aA3 with membranous nephropathy was diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]: 15 mL/min/1.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis accompanied by type II heparin-induced thrombocytopenia resulting in asymptomatic cerebral infarction: a case report.

Background: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) involves platelet activation and aggregation caused by heparin or HIT antibodies associated with poor survival outcomes. We report a case of HIT that occurred after hemodialysis was started for rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN), which was caused by anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV), and ultimately resulted in asymptomatic cerebral infarction.

Case Presentation: A 76-year-old Japanese man was urgently admitted to our hospital for weight loss and acute kidney injury (serum creatinine: 12 mg/dL).

Relationship Between Infection and Arteriosclerosis.

It is reported that () infection may be linked to non-digestive tract diseases, such as arteriosclerosis including dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we reviewed recent studies available in PubMed dealing with the mechanisms of arteriosclerosis due to infection and the effects of eradication. Conventional studies suggested that infection may increase the risk of arteriosclerosis.

Health risk of travel for chronic kidney disease patients.

The number of people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased and so has their demand for travel. However, the health risk posed by travel in these patients is unclear. Few reports document the travel risk in CKD and dialysis patients.

Efficacy of High-Dose Mycophenolate Mofetil in Multitarget Therapy for Lupus Nephritis: Two Consecutive Case Reports.

The complete remission rate for lupus nephritis (LN) is higher with multitarget therapy (MT) using tacrolimus (TAC), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and steroids than with steroid plus cyclophosphamide co-therapy. MT is also considered highly safe and is used to treat refractory LN. During MT, MMF is usually administered at a dose of 1 g/day similar to conventional MT; however, it remains unclear whether this is the optimal dose of MMF for Japanese patients, especially those refractories to conventional MT.

Non-urate transporter 1, non-glucose transporter member 9-related renal hypouricemia and acute renal failure accompanied by hyperbilirubinemia after anaerobic exercise: a case report.

Background: Renal hypouricemia (RHUC) is an inherited heterogenous disorder caused by faulty urate reabsorption transporters in the renal proximal tubular cells. Anaerobic exercise may induce acute kidney injury in individuals with RHUC that is not caused by exertional rhabdomyolysis; it is called acute renal failure with severe loin pain and patchy renal ischemia after anaerobic exercise (ALPE). RHUC is the most important risk factor for ALPE.

Successful management of visceral disseminated varicella zoster virus infection during treatment of membranous nephropathy: a case report.

Background: Visceral disseminated varicella zoster virus (VDVZV) infection is a rare disease with a high mortality rate (55%) in immunocompromised patients, but it is not yet widely recognized in the field of nephrology. We report a case of VDVZV contracted during immunosuppressive therapy for membranous nephropathy.

Case Presentation: A 36-year-old woman was diagnosed with membranous nephropathy and was being treated with immunosuppressive therapy consisting of 60 mg/day prednisolone, 150 mg/day mizoribine, and 150 mg/day cyclosporine.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis lesion associated with inhibition of tyrosine kinases by lenvatinib: a case report.

Background: Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with novel binding ability. It is considered the standard of care for metastatic thyroid cancer; moreover, whether it is indicated for other malignant tumors has been examined. Lenvatinib increases the risk of kidney injury in some patients.

A Rare Case of Lupus Nephritis Presenting as Thrombotic Microangiopathy with Diffuse Pseudotubulization Possibly Caused by Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome.

A 31-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). She was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and class V lupus nephritis. She had no aggravated SLE activity, Shiga toxin positivity, ADAMTS13 abnormality, or other causes of secondary TMA.

A case of ABO-incompatible blood transfusion treated by plasma exchange therapy and continuous hemodiafiltration.

ABO-incompatible blood transfusion is potentially a life-threatening event. A 74-year-old type O Rh-positive male was accidentally transfused with 280 mL type B Rh-positive red blood cells during open right hemicolectomy, causing ABO-incompatible blood transfusion. Immediately after the transfusion, the patient experienced a hypotension episode followed by acute hemolytic reaction, disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute kidney injury.

Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Caused by Peritubular Capillaritis Accompanied by Cryoglobulinemia.

A 73-year-old man with fever, renal insufficiency, and purpura was referred to our hospital to be evaluated for renal insufficiency. Renal biopsy revealed acute and chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis with no laboratory findings of sarcoidosis or connective tissue disease. Low C4 levels and elevation of rheumatoid factors suggested cryoglobulinemia, which was confirmed with quantitative analysis.