Audit of oral neoplasms in children and young adults in Nigeria.

Background: Orofacial neoplasms in children and young adults may differ significantly from those observed in adults. Our aim was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of histologically diagnosed orofacial neoplasms among children and young adults in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study across geopolitical zones in Nigeria.

Targeted therapies in ameloblastomas and amelobastic carcinoma-A systematic review.

Targeted therapy has the potential to be used in the neoadjuvant setting for odontogenic tumors, reducing the morbidities associated with major surgery. In this regard, the aim of this study was to summarize the current evidence on the different forms of targeted therapy, effectiveness, and drawbacks of this course of treatment. Four databases were searched electronically without regard to publication date or language.

Immunohistochemical Expression of E-Cadherin and β-Catenin in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The E-cadherin/β-catenin protein complexes are actively involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Alterations in cadherin or catenin expression or function, play important roles in the development of invasive or metastatic phenotypes of cancers.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and to compare this with their clinico-pathological parameters.

Distribution and Frequency of Salivary Gland Tumours: An International Multicenter Study.

Background: Salivary gland tumours (SGT) are a relatively rare group of neoplasms with a wide range of histopathological appearance and clinical features. To date, most of the epidemiological studies on salivary gland tumours are limited for a variety of reason including being out of date, extrapolated from either a single centre or country studies, or investigating either major or minor glands only.

Methods: This study aimed to mitigate these shortcomings by analysing epidemiological data including demographic, anatomical location and histological diagnoses of SGT from multiple centres across the world.

Relationship between CD4 count, serum inflammatory cytokines, and oral melanotic hyperpigmentation in newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive patients: a nested case-control study.

Objective: Oral melanotic hyperpigmentation (OMH) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been attributed to the use of antifungal or antiretroviral drugs, as well as HIV-induced cytokine dysregulation. This research aimed to determine the relationship between immunosuppression and cytokine dysregulation in newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive subjects with OMH.

Study Design: The study was conducted among newly diagnosed HIV-seropositive patients at the Infectious Disease Clinic, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Orofacial lesions associated with long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV-seropositive adults in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Introduction: highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has contributed to a reduction in HIV- related oral lesions and improved quality of life among HIV seropositive patients. However, the therapy is not without its side effects. This study was aimed at assessing the self- reported orofacial manifestations due to long term use of HAART, as well as the pattern of oral lesions on examination.

A geographical analysis of ethnic distribution of jaw ameloblastoma in Nigerians.

Introduction: Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumour in Nigeria. A definite geographic variation has been observed in the frequency of odontogenic tumors from different parts of the world. However, there is no study on the regional variations in Nigeria.

Biological profile of ameloblastoma and its location in the jaw in 1246 Nigerians.

Objectives: Ameloblastoma is a benign, slow-growing, locally invasive epithelial tumor of odontogenic origin, with unlimited growth capacity and a strong tendency to recur. This multicentric study analyzed ameloblastoma diagnosed in Nigeria among different ethnic groups.

Study Design: This retrospective study included ameloblastoma cases diagnosed from 1964 to 2017 at 10 hospitals or medical centers in Nigeria.

Descriptive epidemiology of salivary gland neoplasms in Nigeria: An AOPRC multicenter tertiary hospital study.

Objectives: Accurate diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasms (SGN) in many centers in Africa is limited by poor diagnostic resources and ancillary services. Hence, we have carried out a multicenter epidemiological study to understand the true burden of SGN in Nigeria.

Method: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we have deployed resources available to members of the African Oral Pathology Consortium (AOPRC) to examine the burden of salivary gland lesions in Nigeria, using a multicenter approach.

A review of 640 Oral squamous cell carcinoma cases in Nigeria.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity and accounts for 70% to 90% of all oral malignant neoplasms. The aim of this study was to examine the demographic distribution of OSCC in five Tertiary Health centres in Nigeria.

Material And Methods: All cases diagnosed as OSCC during the period from 1970 -2014 were retrieved from the records of five teaching hospitals in Nigeria.

A retrospective review of 61 cases of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour seen in five tertiary health facilities in Nigeria.

Introduction: Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a benign lesion originating from the dental lamina or its remnants. It is a relatively uncommon neoplasm representing about 3% of all odontogenic tumors. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical and radiological characteristics of AOTs in five major tertiary centres in Nigeria.

Spindle cell hemangioma: Unusual presentation of an uncommon tumor.

Spindle cell hemangioma (SCH) is an uncommon tumor that usually presents as subcutaneous or deep dermal nodule affecting the extremities and is typically <2 cm in size. A few cases have been reported in the head and neck region. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no previous reports of SCH occurring in the orbit in the English literature.

Malignant salivary gland tumours of the head and neck region: a single institutions review.

Introduction: Malignant salivary gland tumours (MSGTs) comprise about 3% of all head and neck cancers; they demonstrate an unpredictable clinical course. The purpose of this study is to review MSGTs seen at a tertiary Health centre, and compare findings with those of previous studies.

Methods: The records of the Department of Oral Pathology and the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital Ibadan were reviewed over a 19 year period and lesions diagnosed as MSGTs according to 2005 WHO histological classification were analysed for age, gender and site using SPSS for Windows (version 20.

Immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2 and MMP-8 in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases that can degrade extracellular matrix components and affect invasiveness and aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was to examine the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2 and MMP-8 in OSCCs in patients presenting at the Tertiary Health facility in Nigeria.

Material And Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) OSCC samples diagnosed between the years 2010 and 2012 were used for his study.

PTCH-1 and MDM2 expression in ameloblastoma from a West African sub-population: implication for chemotherapeutics.

Introduction: Ameloblastoma is a slow growing, painless odontogenic swelling which can attain sizes that result in severe deformities of the craniofacial complex. It is the most commonly encountered odontogenic tumor in Nigeria. Surgical intervention is currently the method of treatment; however identification of altered molecular pathways may inform chemotherapeutic potential.

Stoichiometric expression of MMP-2/TIMP-2 in benign and malignant tumours of the salivary gland.

The aim of this study was to determine the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) and the MMP-2/TIMP-2 expression ratio in salivary gland tumours (SGTs). Forty-three FFPE SGTs were prepared for antibody processing to MMP-2 and TIMP-2. Two investigators utilizing Sinicrope's method scored the uptake of immuno-stains.

Palatal rugae as a tool for human identification.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the accuracy of palatal rugae as a tool for human identification and to determine factors that may limit accuracy. This will serve as a potential basis for advising national health policy formulation on human identification as forensic rugoscopy is unexplored in sub-Saharan Africa.

Materials And Methods: One hundred consenting participants were recruited; impressions of the upper jaws were taken and cast with dental stone.

Bimaxillary keratocystic odontogenic tumour: a case of diagnostic and therapeutic difficulty.

Keratocystic odontogenic tumour (KCOT) is a benign cystic intraosseous tumour of odontogenic origin that is usually solitary except when syndromic. It rarely occurs in the maxilla; therefore a rapidly progressive, nonsyndromic bimaxillary KCOT with locoregional extension poses significant diagnostic and management challenges. To the best of the authors' knowledge, documentation of a nonsyndromic bimaxillary KCOT is nonexistent in the English literature.

Fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: Fibro-osseous lesion is a broad term for a diverse group of jaw disorders characterized by the replacement of normal bone by a benign fibrous connective tissue matrix. The present study reviewed the clinico-pathologic characteristics of all biopsied cases of fibro-osseous lesions at our hospital from 1990 to 2011, which we hope will serve as a reference database regionally.

Methods: A retrospective clinicopathological review of all histologically diagnosed cases of jaw fibro-osseous lesions seen at our Hospital between January 1990 and December 2011.

Clear cell variant of squamous cell carcinoma of skin: A report of a case.

Clear cell squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare variant of SCC of skin in which ultraviolet radiation has been suggested as possible etiology. This case is that of a 62-year-old male concrete block maker/bricklayer who presented with a 6 months history of a non-healing ulcer on the left side of his face. Histology showed features of malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of islands of large oval to polyhedral malignant squamous cells with eosinophilic to amphophilic cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei and there were areas showing clear cell differentiation and isolated areas of keratin pearl formation.

Non-doctor consultations and self-medication practices in patients seen at a tertiary dental center in Ibadan.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-medication practices among dental out patients presenting at a tertiary health care center in Ibadan, and to determine factors that are associated with these practices.

Materials And Methods: All patients presenting over a 4-month period, who consented to participate in the study, had a semi-structured questionnaire, highlighting age, sex, income and educational qualification, history of past practice of self-medication, substances used and reasons for resorting to self-medication administered to them. Data obtained were analyzed with the SPSS 12.