Civilian gunshot injuries at the emergency department of a Nigerian teaching hospital: patient characteristics, pattern and outcome 2014-2018.

Gunshot injuries (GSI) are a major global public health problem. Our objective was to determine the patient characteristics, pattern and outcome of civilian gunshot wounds at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, from 2014-2018. The data of 232 patients with a diagnosis of GSI during the study period were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Preventive practices by households against Lassa fever transmission in Ondo State, Southwest, Nigeria.

Introduction: continued transmission of Lassa fever has been recorded in 6 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Ondo State in Southwest, Nigeria annually with high case fatality rates. Genomic analysis of the Lassa virus has indicated ongoing transmission from local rodents´ population to humans despite several public health interventions during the outbreak including risk communication on preventive practices against the disease. We assessed adherence to preventive practices by household against the spread of Lassa fever in these affected LGAs.

Missed opportunities for vaccination among children aged 0-23 months visiting health facilities in a southwest State of Nigeria, December 2019.

Background: Despite efforts to improve childhood immunization coverage in Nigeria, coverage has remained below the national acceptable level. In December 2019, we conducted an assessment of Missed Opportunities for Vaccination (MOV) in Ondo State, in Southwest Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the magnitude of, explore the reasons for, as well as possible solutions for reducing MOV in the State.

Lessons Learnt from Epidemiological Investigation of Lassa Fever Outbreak in a Southwest State of Nigeria December 2015 to April 2016.

Introduction: An outbreak of Lassa Fever (LF) reported and confirmed in Ondo state, Southwest Nigeria in January 2016 was investigated. This paper provides the epidemiology of the LF and lessons learnt from the investigation of the outbreak.

Methods: The incidence management system (IMS) model was used for the outbreak coordination.

Epidemic preparedness and management: A guide on Lassa fever outbreak preparedness plan.

Epidemic prone diseases threaten public health security. These include diseases such as cholera, meningitis, and hemorrhagic fevers, especially Lassa fever for which Nigeria reports considerable morbidity and mortality annually. Interestingly, where emergency epidemic preparedness plans are in place, timely detection of outbreaks is followed by a prompt and appropriate response.

Pattern of the meningococcal meningitis outbreak in Northern Nigeria, 2009.

Objectives: Despite the availability of vaccines, children are the people most often affected by epidemic meningococcal meningitis. The pattern of the epidemic meningococcal meningitis outbreak in Northern Nigeria in 2009 and the Neisseria meningitidis strains responsible for this epidemic are described here.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 16 states, involving 48 local government areas (LGAs), 91 health facilities, and 96 communities.

Epidemiology of road traffic crashes among long distance drivers in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs) are major causes of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Few studies in Ibadan have focused on the distribution and determinants of RTC among long distance drivers.

Objective: To describe the distribution of crashes by place, times of occurrence, characteristics of persons involved and identify associated factors.

Knowledge of birth defects among nursing mothers in a developing country.

Background: In the absence of established guidelines, where formal screening is unavailable for birth defects, a lot of responsibility is placed on parents in the recognition of these defects.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the awareness of mothers about birth effects in a developing country and assess what they know about the prevention, detection and treatment of children with birth defects.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 714 mothers consecutively selected at two major hospitals in Nigeria between May and December, 2012.

Clients' Willingness to Pay for Immunization Services in the Urban and Rural Primary Health Centers of Enugu State, Nigeria.

Our study aims at determining the pattern of willingness of clients to pay for childhood immunization services in urban and rural primary health centers of Enugu state, Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional design, 800 clients who presented with their children/wards to receive childhood immunization services were selected at the primary health center in rural and urban local government areas of the state. The mean age was 28.

The direct cost of care among surgical inpatients at a tertiary hospital in south west Nigeria.

Introduction: This study was conducted to assess the direct cost of care and its determinants among surgical inpatients at university College Hospital, Ibadan.

Methods: A retrospective review of records of 404 inpatients that had surgery from January to December, 2010 was conducted. Information was extracted on socio-demographic variables, investigations, drugs, length of stay (LOS) and cost of care with a semi-structured pro-forma.

National health insurance scheme: how protected are households in Oyo State, Nigeria from catastrophic health expenditure?

Background: The major objective of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Nigeria is to protect families from the financial hardship of large medical bills. Catastrophic Health Expenditure (CHE) is rampart in Nigeria despite the take-off of the NHIS. This study aimed to determine if households enrolled in the NHIS were protected from having CHE.

Determinants of uptake of third doses of oral polio and DTP vaccines in the Ibadan North Local Government Area of Nigeria.

Background: High dropout rates in the uptake of oral polio vaccine (OPV) and DTP vaccine persist despite efforts to improve immunisation coverage. This study identified determinants of uptake of third doses of OPV3 and DTP3 among infants who received first doses of either or both vaccines at immunisation centres in the Ibadan North Local Government Area of Nigeria.

Methods: Using a cohort study design, 400 mother-child pairs were assessed.

Assessing full immunisation coverage using lot quality assurance sampling in urban and rural districts of southwest Nigeria.

Background: This study was conducted to identify administrative wards (lots) with unacceptable levels of full child immunisation coverage, and to identify factors associated with achievement of a complete child immunisation schedule in Ibadan North East (IBNE) and Ido local government areas (LGAs) of Oyo State, Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving 1178 mothers, 588 from IBNE LGAs and 590 from Ido LGAs, with children 12-23 months of age was conducted. Children were considered 'fully-immunised' if they received all the vaccines included in the immunisation schedule.

Knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS and antiretroviral therapy among patients at a Nigerian treatment clinic.

Introduction: We assessed the knowledge of and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS and antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).

Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was employed. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered to consecutive, consenting PLWHA who had been receiving treatment for a minimum of three months.

Willingness to receive pandemic influenza A (H1N1) vaccine among doctors and nurses in public health facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: As part of global efforts to contain the spread of the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1), the Federal Ministry of Health of Nigeria is embarking on the vaccination of health care workers employed in health facilities nationwide. This study was designed to assess the willingness of doctors and nurses working in public health facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria to receive the influenza A (H1N1) vaccine.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed.

Maternal determinants of complete child immunization among children aged 12-23 months in a southern district of Nigeria.

This study was conducted to identify determinants of complete immunization status among children aged 12-23 months in a southern district of Nigeria. The World Health Organization cluster survey was used to evaluate immunization coverage of infants. Mothers of 525 children selected by the two-stage sampling method and interviewed using an adapted questionnaire responded.

Reducing waiting time at a Nigerian HIV treatment clinic: opinions from and the satisfaction of people living with HIV/AIDS.

We assessed the waiting time and perceived satisfaction with care among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) at an antiretroviral clinic in Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was administered during interviews. Four hundred patients completed the questionnaire.

Human immunodeficiency virus postexposure prophylaxis at IBadan, Nigeria.

HIV infection from occupational and nonoccupational exposures can be prevented through risk assessment and management with antiretroviral drug therapy (ART). This study sought to examine the pattern of presentation and outcome of clients who were given postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. A retrospective review of case notes of clients presenting for HIV PEP from January 2005 to December 2006 was carried out.

Cost-effectiveness of screening methods for urinary schistosomiasis in a school-based control programme in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Objective: To carry out a comparative cost-effectiveness analysis of screening methods for urinary schistosomiasis; terminal haematuria, unqualified haematuria, dysuria, visual urine examination and chemical reagent strip technique, in a school-based control programme.

Design: Estimation of costs and determination of cost-effect ratios of the screening methods applied in a school-based screening and treatment programme, from the perspective of a programme manager.

Setting: A junior secondary school in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Utilization and costs of medical services at military health facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria.

The Nigerian Army introduced user charges in its health care services in 1994. This study attempts to assess possible impact of user charges on the utilization of army health services in Ibadan, Nigeria. This is a descriptive, retrospective study and it involved the review of hospital records from 1992 to 1996 in military health facilities in Ibadan.