Comparative influence of kolaviron and coenzyme Q10 on complex I activity, glutamate clearance, 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine metabolism, and redox stress in rotenone-induced neurotoxicity.

3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine (dopamine) depletion, inhibition of complex I activity, oxidative stress, and glutamate excitotoxicity are cardinal biochemical features of neurotoxicity induced by systemic unilateral infusion of rotenone. Kolaviron (KV), a biflavonoid from Garcinia kola seeds, has been proven to have pharmacological effects against neurotoxicity. Coenzyme Q10 plays an essential role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and as an antioxidant.

Effect of standardized Eucalyptus globulus leaf extract on brain oxidative stress and aberrant neurochemistry of fructose-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

The neuro-pharmacological effect of Eucalyptus globulus ethanol leaf extract in fructose-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was evaluated in this study. The phytochemical analysis of the extract was carried out using HPLC-DAD. Diabetes was induced in rats with 10% fructose in drinking water and a single intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ).

Assessment of the anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antioxidant potential of Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel.) Bullock in Wistar rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The recent growing concerns about the multisystemic nature of mental health conditions in the global population are facilitating a new paradigm involving alternative natural, nutritional, and complementary therapies. Herbal remedies despite accounts in literature of their ethnobotanical as alternative remedies for diverse ailments, remain underexplored for psychiatric disorders like anxiety, depression, and insomnia.

Aim Of The Study: Hence, the anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antioxidant properties of a hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Parquetina nigrescens (PN) in male Wistar rats were investigated.

Polyphenol-rich leaf extract abates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced disturbed glutamate-ammonia metabolism and multiorgan toxicity in rats.

This study investigated the protective properties of leaf extract (SML), in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) mediated toxicity in the brain, liver, and kidney of male Wistar rats. Animals were subjected to 30 min of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion followed by 24 h of reperfusion (BCCAO/R). The animals were divided into sham, I/R, and I/R treated with SML (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) or quercetin (20 mg/kg) groups.

Time and Brain Region-Dependent Excitatory Neurochemical Alterations in Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion Global Ischemia Model.

Strict metabolic regulation in discrete brain regions leads to neurochemical changes in cerebral ischemia. Accumulation of extracellular glutamate is one of the early neurochemical changes that take place during cerebral ischemia. Understanding the sequential neurochemical processes involved in cerebral ischemia-mediated excitotoxicity before the clinical intervention of revascularization and reperfusion may greatly influence future therapeutic strategies for clinical stroke recovery.

Arrested Acetylene-Induced Pulmonary and Testicular Toxicity in Rats Through Treatment With Polyphenols.

Occupational exposure to potentially harmful substances is one of the dangers associated with industrial jobs. This study evaluated the modulatory influence of selected dietary polyphenols on the pulmonotoxic and testiculotoxic effects of crude acetylene, an industrial gas used in welding metals. Wistar rats were exposed to 58 000 ppm acetylene, 20 min daily for 30 days, in a 36 L glass inhalation chamber.

Dihydroquercetin improves rotenone-induced Parkinsonism by regulating NF-κB-mediated inflammation pathway in rats.

This study examined the effect of dihydroquercetin (DHQ), also knofigurewn as taxifolin, on rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats. Male Wistar rats were administered 1.5 mg/kg rotenone for 10 days and subsequently treated with 0.

Glyphaeaside C- enriched extract of Glyphaea brevis restored the antioxidant and reproductive integrity of 1,4-Dinitrobenzene-intoxicated rats.

This study assessed the fertility potential of methanol leaf extract of Glyphaea brevis (MGB) in rats exposed to 1,4-Dinitrobenzene (DNB), an environmental reprotoxicant. Male Wistar rats were orally exposed to 50 mg/kg DNB and administered 750 mg/kg MGB, 1500 mg/kg MGB or 300 mg/kg vitamin E for 21 days after 48 h of DNB exposure. Determination of serum reproductive hormone levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, evaluation of hematologic profile, computer-assisted sperm analyses (CASA) of sperm kinematics and morphology, assessment of testicular and spermatozoan antioxidant systems, and histopathological evaluation of reproductive tissues were performed.

Modifying influence of polyphenols on hematotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity induced by liquefied petroleum gas in rats.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effects of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) on hematotoxic, cardiotoxic, and hepatotoxic indices and the modifying influence of selected polyphenols.

Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to1000 ppm LPG for 10 min at 12-h interval for 30 days with or without cotreatment with 50 mg/kg rutin, quercetin, tannic acid, or gallic acid followed by hematological, biochemical, and histopathological evaluations in animal tissues.

Results: Exposure to LPG induced hematotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity.

Neuroprotective flavonoids of the leaf of Antiaris africana Englea against cyanide toxicity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Different parts of Antiaris africana Englea (Moraceae) are used traditionally for the treatment of various diseases, including epilepsy and other nervous system disorders.

Aims Of This Study: The current study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective activity of flavonoids isolated from A. africana against potassium cyanide (KCN)-induced oxidative damage in brain homogenate.

Upregulation of PCSK9, rho kinase and cardiac troponin by leaf extract improves fructose-streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiac dysfunction in rats.

Context: The effect of in diabetic cardiac dysfunction and the possible mechanisms involved have not been explored.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of ethanol leaf extract of (NEE) on the cardiac function of fructose/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Type-2 diabetes was induced in rats with 10% fructose feeding for 14 days and an intraperitoneal administration of 40 mg/kg streptozotocin.

Protective properties of Linn leaves on redox status, cholinergic dysfunction and electrolyte disturbance in cyanide-intoxicated rats.

Cyanide is an environmental neurotoxin which has been reported to arrest the normal functioning of the brain. This study investigated the protective properties of methanol and flavonoid-rich extracts of the leaves of on redox status, cholinergic dysfunction and electrolyte disturbance in cyanide-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats were orally pre-treated with methanol leaf extract (SMC) (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg), flavonoid-rich extract (SMF) (25, 50 and 75 mg/kg) or quercetin (20 mg/kg), followed by intraperitoneal administration of 2 mg/kg potassium cyanide.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Herbal Therapy: Pertinent Issues Relating to Toxicity and Standardization of Phytopharmaceuticals.

Unlabelled: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a virulent viral disease that has now become a public health emergency of global significance and still without an approved treatment regimen or cure. In the absence of curative drugs and with vaccines development still in progress, alternative approaches to stem the tide of the pandemic are being considered. The potential of a phytotherapeutic approach in the management of the dreaded disease has gained attention, especially in developing countries, with several claims of the development of anti-COVID-19 herbal formulations.

Reduction of anoxia-induced bioenergetic disturbance in astrocytes by methanol fruit extract of and evaluation of the effect of its antioxidative constituents on excitotoxicity.

Oxidative stress and excitotoxicity are some of the pathophysiological abnormalities in hypoxia-induced brain injury. This study evaluated the intrinsic antioxidant property of methanol fruit extract of (TT), traditionally used for managing brain diseases such as cerebral infarction in West Africa, and its ability to protect primary astrocytes from anoxia-induced cell death. The effect of the phytochemicals present in TT on excitotoxicity was assessed , through docking with human glutamate synthetase (hGS).

Nutritional benefits, phytochemical constituents, ethnomedicinal uses and biological properties of Miracle fruit plant ( Shumach. & Thonn. Daniell).

Miracle fruit plant or Miracle berry plant () is a peculiar medicinal plant because of the unique taste-modifying property of its fruit which is due to the presence of the glycoprotein, miraculin. This property has been known for centuries to the people of tropical Western and Central Africa who also employ different parts of the plant in the management of various ailments. Scientific investigations have unravelled several pharmacological properties of the plant which include antidiabetic, blood cholesterol-lowering, anti-hyperuricaemia, antioxidant, anticonvulsant and anticancer properties.

Modulatory activities of polyphenols on crude acetylene-induced cardiac and hepatic dysfunctions in a rat model.

Exposure to crude acetylene can occur in occupational settings. This study assessed the modulatory activities of selected polyphenols on the hematotoxic, cardiotoxic, and hepatotoxic effects of crude acetylene. Wistar rats were exposed to 58 000 ppm crude acetylene for 10 min at 12 h intervals for 30 days.

(Lam.) Benth leaf extract inhibits rat brain and liver mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening.

The effect of on mitochondrial membrane permeability transition has not been explored. In this study, the effect of a solvent fraction of leaf extract on mitochondrial membrane permeability transition of rat brain and liver was evaluated. A methanol extract of leaves was fractionated into different solvents by vacuum liquid chromatography and following preliminary screening, the dichloromethane:ethylacetate (1:1) fraction was selected for further assays.

Abatement of neurobehavioral and neurochemical dysfunctions in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit extract.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Tetrapleura tetraptera Taub. (family Fabaceae), is generally found in the lowland forest of tropical Africa. Its leaves and fruits are traditionally used in West Africa for the management of brain disorders.

Network analysis, sequence and structure dynamics of key proteins of coronavirus and human host, and molecular docking of selected phytochemicals of nine medicinal plants.

The novel coronavirus of 2019 (nCoV-19) has become a pandemic, affecting over 205 nations with over 7,410,000 confirmed cases which has resulted to over 418,000 deaths worldwide. This study aimed to identify potential therapeutic compounds and phytochemicals of medicinal plants that have potential to modulate the expression network of genes that are involve in SARS-CoV-2 pathology in human host and to understand the dynamics key proteins involved in the virus-host interactions. The method used include gene network analysis, molecular docking, and sequence and structure dynamics simulations.

Local Condiment, Iru, Obtained from the Fermentation of Seed Substantially Reduced the Serum Cholesterol Level of Wister Rats.

Hypercholesterolaemia is one of the risk factors in coronary heart disease. Hence, this research was designed to investigate the effect of iru on cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolaemic rats. The fermented condiment iru was produced naturally and with starter cultures of , , and sp.

Prophylaxis with a multicomponent nutraceutical abates transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

The effect of a multicomponent nutraceutical on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in male Wistar rats was investigated. Animals were administered with the nutraceutical, Trévo™, for 7 days before 30 min of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion-induced cerebral ischemia and 24 hr of reperfusion. Behavioral assessment, biochemical estimations in the brain cortex, striatum, and hippocampus, and hippocampal histopathological evaluation were carried out after treatments.

Toxicological and pharmacological assessment of a multiherbal phytopharmaceutical on Triton X-1339-induced hyperlipidemia and allied biochemical dysfunctions.

This study investigated the safety and therapeutic effect of a multiherbal tea (MHT) on Triton X-1339-induced hyperlipidemia and associated biochemical and tissue dysfunctions. An infusion of the MHT was assessed for phytoconstituents, proximate and mineral composition, and antioxidant activity. Wistar rats administered 200 mg/kg Triton X-1399 were post-treated with MHT for 14 days followed by biochemical estimations in serum, heart, liver, and kidney of animals.

Ameliorative effect of quercetin, catechin, and taxifolin on rotenone-induced testicular and splenic weight gain and oxidative stress in rats.

Background The physiological functions of the testis and spleen can be affected through several cellular and molecular mechanisms such as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that causes oxidative stress. This study aimed at investigating the protective effect of catechin, quercetin, and taxifolin in rotenone-induced testicular and splenetic toxicity. Methods Male Wistar rats were administered with 1.

Modulation of key enzymes linked to Parkinsonism and neurologic disorders by Antiaris africana in rotenone-toxified rats.

Background The physiopathologies of many neurologic diseases are characterized by related biochemical dysfunctions that could be explored as drug targets. This study evaluated the effect of a methanol leaf extract of Antiaris africana (MEA) on critical bioindices of Parkinsonism and related neurologic dysfunctions in rats with rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. Methods Animals were administered 50 or 100 mg/kg MEA for 14 consecutive days.