A high titer antibody response against P22 protein immunocomplex is not correlated with protection in naturally tuberculosis-infected goats.

Caprine livestock are significant reservoirs of the complex (MTBC), contributing to tuberculosis (TB) transmission among animals and humans. The P22 protein immunocomplex (P22PI), derived from bovine tuberculin, shows immunostimulating capacity and is used for TB diagnosis. This study assessed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of P22PI in two groups of goats: 24 naïve goats (12 immunised, 12 controls) from a TB-free herd, and 24 infected goats (12 immunised, 12 controls), referred to as pre-infected animals, from a -infected herd.

Effectiveness of Audio-Tactile Performance Versus Other Oral Health Education Methods in Improving Oral Health in Visually Impaired Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of audio-tactile performance (ATP) versus other oral health education methods in improving the oral health status of visually challenged children and adolescents. The review was carried out based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search was performed on the effectiveness of ATP in improving the oral health of visually impaired children.

Biomedical Applications of Lauric Acid: A Narrative Review.

Lauric acid, a major component of coconut oil, has been studied for its various health benefits over the years. Lauric acid is a medium-chained fatty acid with several potential biomedical applications based on its antimicrobial action, capacity for drug delivery, tissue engineering scaffolds, and cleansing capabilities. Various studies are carried out in vitro and in vivo using experimental animals, such as rats, shedding light on the efficacy of lauric acid.

The Geospatial Analysis of Patients Seeking Dental Care at a Private Dental Institution in Chennai, India.

Background and aim Assessing the priority of the patient towards dental needs while considering the distance traveled by them is important to improve a dental service. The purpose of this study was to rank the patients' felt needs for dental care in the private dental institution in order of importance. The objective is to count the number of patients with various major complaints and compare how far patients traveled for various treatment plans tailored to their individual needs in a private dental institution.

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Ocimum tenuiflorum- and Stevia rebaudiana-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Nanotechnology, a field bridging material science and biology, explores various applications. Silver nanoparticles, ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm, are commonly labeled as "silver," although some contain a substantial quantity of silver oxide owing to the heightened ratio of silver atoms on the surface compared to the bulk. This characteristic establishes silver as a prominent nanoparticulate material.

Oral Health Status and Oral Health Risks Among Tribes in Tamil Nadu, India: An Epidemiological Study.

Aim To evaluate the oral health status, self-assessment of oral health, and oral health risks among tribes in Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and methods An epidemiological cross-sectional study was carried out among 880 tribals comprising Irulars and Narikuravars. A multistage random sampling method was carried out to select villages from the Vellore district, Tamil Nadu.

Identification of Pathogenic Missense Mutations in the CHRNA5 Gene: A Computational Approach.

Aim The CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene locus is closely related to nicotine dependence and other smoking-related disorders. Coupling genetic and clinical studies of nicotine dependence and smoking behaviors may open new avenues for medication development. The aim of this study is to investigate the functional missense mutations in the CHRNA5 gene.

Arbovirus and its potential to lead the next global pandemic from sub-Saharan Africa: What lessons have we learned from COVID-19?

Risk and predisposing factors for viral zoonoses abound in the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region with significant public health implications. For several decades, there have been several reports on the emergence and re-emergence of arbovirus infections. The lifetime burden of arboviral diseases in developing countries is still poorly understood.

Association Between Perceived Stress and Salivary Biomarkers of Allostatic Load Among Gender Minorities in Chennai: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Transgender individuals in India experience immense psychosocial stressors, stigma, and violence. In response to stress, the body exhibits adaptive responses that necessitate the production of organic chemicals ensuing in the detection of blood serum and saliva. There are currently no laboratory tests that are confirmatory for the diagnosis of stress and facilitate necessary treatment to be carried out in a timely manner.

Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Effects of Chitosan Thiocolchicoside-Lauric Acid Nanogel.

Aim: The present study explored the anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of a combination of chitosan thiocolchicoside and lauric acid (CTLA) nanogel.  Materials and methods: A nanogel formulation of thiocolchicoside and lauric acid was developed and tested for potential applications. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using the well diffusion method, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and hydrogen peroxide (HO) antioxidant assay methods.

Cytocompatibility and Wound Healing Activity of Chitosan Thiocolchicoside Lauric Acid Nanogel in Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells.

Aim: To investigate the cytocompatibility effect and wound healing activity of chitosan thiocolchicoside lauric acid (CTL) nanogel using human gingival fibroblast (hGF) cells.

Materials And Methods: hGF cells were established from gingival tissue as per the standard cell isolation protocol. The cytocompatibility effect was assessed using an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay.

Unilateral solitary choroidal tuberculoma as the presenting sign in disseminated tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient.

Introduction: Tuberculosis can involve any organ in the body including ocular tissue of which the uveal tissue is most commonly infected. Choroidal involvement ranges from choroidal tubercles to granulomas. This is one of the few cases of a solitary choroidal granuloma with no other systemic symptoms in an immunocompetent child.

A phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety of thymoquinone-rich black cumin oil (BlaQmax®) on healthy subjects: Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled prospective study.

Black cumin or black seed () is a popular medicinal herb and culinary spice belonging to family. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major active phytoconstituent in black cumin and is abundant in the volatile oil fraction. Though black cumin oil containing low TQ content (less than 1%) has been clinically investigated, clinical efficacy and safety data of TQ-rich oil is limited.

Knowlege and attitude in paediatric dentistry among paediatricians.

Aim: Tooth decay is the main oral pathology and a worldwide public health problem. The paediatrician is the first medical professional to assess and treat children. Therefore, it is important that they are well informed.

Microbiological findings and prescribing trends in SARS- CoV-2 positive patients in two United Kingdom Hospitals.

Objective: To describe antibiotic prescribing and microbiological findings in patients admitted to two London hospitals with COVID-19.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infected adults admitted between 9th February and 10th May 2020. Demographics, critical care unit (CCU) admission, antibiotic prescribing and microbiology results within 10 days of COVID-19 diagnosis were analysed.

Acoustic Based Footstep Detection in Pervasive Healthcare.

Passive detection of footsteps in domestic settings can allow the development of assistive technologies that can monitor mobility patterns of older adults in their home environment. Acoustic footstep detection is a promising approach for non-intrusive detection of footsteps. So far there has been limited work in developing robust acoustic footstep detection systems that can operate in noisy home environments.

Influence of a Novel Food-Grade Formulation of Red Chili Extract () on Overweight Subjects: Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Capsaicinoids from pungent red chilies ( and ) have received significant attention as a natural supplement for the management of obesity. However, the consumption of chili extract at physiologically relevant dosage of capsaicinoids is a challenge owing to its pungency and gastrointestinal discomforts. The present study reports the systemic absorption, safety and influence of a novel, food-grade, and sustained-release formulation of capsaicinoids-rich red chili extract using fenugreek dietary fiber (Capsifen).