Factors associated with children's health facility visits for primaquine treatment in rural Papua New Guinea.

Background: To control and eventually eliminate vivax malaria, radical treatment with primaquine (PQ) is essential after completion of blood-stage treatment. Although in many malaria-endemic countries, village health volunteers (VHVs) are engaged in diagnostic treatment of malaria in remote communities, they principally provide blood-stage treatment. In such a situation, access to PQ following blood-stage treatment can be a barrier to complete treatment.

Village health volunteers' individual social capital and caretakers' health service utilization for febrile children in Malaria-endemic villages in Papua New Guinea.

Background: Little is known about the association between the social capital of village health volunteers (VHVs) and their performance in relation to malarial care.

Methods: Data came from 337 children and 13 VHVs working in Dagua, Papua New Guinea. The outcome variable was whether caretakers brought their children to health care services on the incidence of a febrile episode.

Enhanced skin delivery of quercetin by microemulsion.

Objectives: For topical application of quercetin it is necessary to improve the low efficiency of its intradermal delivery as well as its low solubility in aqueous and organic vesicles. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of a microemulsion for that purpose.

Methods: A microemulsion consisting of isopropyl myristate, 150 mM NaCl solution, Tween 80 and ethanol was prepared.