Catheter-related bloodstream infection by a newly proposed "Mycobacterium toneyamachuris" in a boy with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

This report describes a 6-year-old boy who developed non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM) catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) during treatment for B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A Hickman catheter was inserted before starting treatment. He developed a fever during chemotherapy, and blood culture was drawn from the catheter.

Multiple mutations of Mycobacterium intracellulare subsp. chimaera causing false-negative reaction to the transcription-reverse transcription concerted method for pathogen detection.

Objectives: To report an isolate of Mycobacterium intracellulare subsp. chimaera with multiple mutations in 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, resulting in the false-negative reaction to the transcription-reverse transcription concerted (TRC) method for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex.

Methods: We used TRC, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Time-of-Flight/Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) methods to identify a clinical isolate in 2021.

Complete Genome Sequences of 14 Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Type Strains.

Here, we present the complete genome sequences of 14 nontuberculous mycobacteria type strains. The addition of type strain data may provide a concrete basis for further research.

In vitro activity of tedizolid and linezolid against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a comparative study using microdilution broth assay and genomics.

The effects of tedizolid (TZD) against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were investigated. This is possibly the first study to evaluate the MIC of TZD against Japanese Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. As TZD had a significantly lower MIC than LZD (P < 0.

Clinical evaluation of the cobas® MTB-RIF/INH reagent and the cobas® 6800 for the detection of isoniazid and rifampicin resistance.

We aimed to validate the performance of a newly developed real-time PCR assay using cobas® MTB-RIF/INH reagent on the cobas® 6800 system for detecting isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) resistance, using Japanese Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates. In total, 119 mock sputum specimens spiked with resistant MTB were tested using the cobas® MTB-RIF/INH reagent. The whole genomes of all MTB isolates were sequenced by MiSeq and analysed for mutations/indels causing drug resistance.

Development of a nucleic acid chromatography assay for the detection of commonly isolated rapidly growing mycobacteria.

Non-tuberculosis mycobacterium infections are increasing worldwide, including those caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM). The identification of the aetiological agent in the context of infections is essential for the adoption of an adequate therapeutic approach. However, the methods for the rapid distinction of different RGM species are less than optimal.

Efficacy estimation of a combination of triple antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of subsp. .

Background: subsp. () is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that is resistant to most antibiotics. The number of patients with pulmonary disease caused by is increasing in several regions, and therapy involves long-term antibiotic combination treatments, although no standard treatment regimen has been established.

Pin tract infection caused by Mycobacterium neoaurum in a 14-year-old child: A case report.

Although rapidly growing non-tuberculosis mycobacterium can occasionally cause postoperative infections, Mycobacterium neoaurum is a rare pathogen of surgical site infection. We report a case of pin tract infection caused by M. neoaurum in a 14-year-old girl who was admitted for lengthening of her right fourth metatarsal bone.

Mycobacterium europaeum lung disease in an immunocompetent patient without underlying lung disease.

Mycobacterium europaeum (M. europaeum) was recently identified as a nontuberculous mycobacterium belonging to the Mycobacterium simiae complex. There have been only a few reported cases of M.

Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis With Simultaneously Acquired Drug Resistance to Bedaquiline and Delamanid.

This study is the first to report a clinical case of simultaneously acquired resistance to bedaquiline (BDQ) and delamanid (DLM). Whole genome sequencing revealed 2 nucleotide insertions (Rv0678 and fbiC) in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for BDQ and DLM were 0.

Ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of MPT64 secretory antigen to evaluate Mycobacterium tuberculosis viability in sputum.

Objectives: This study examined Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-secreted MPT64 as a surrogate of bacterial viability for the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB (PTB) and for follow-up treatment.

Methods: In this proof-of-concept prospective study, 50 PTB patients in the Tokyo metropolitan region, between 2017 and 2018, were consecutively included and 30 healthy individuals were also included. Each PTB patient submitted sputum on days 0, 14 and 28 for diagnosis and follow-up, and each healthy individual submitted one sputum sample.

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and MICs among non-photochromogenic rapidly growing and species.

Non-photochromogenic rapidly growing mycobacteria (NPRGM) that branch distinctly from (Myco) and (Mycolici) are increasingly observed clinically and present a complicated treatment challenge; thus, appropriate susceptibility testing is required. We evaluated the MICs of nine antimicrobials used in the treatment of infections of 25 NPRGM type strains. The relation of inducible macrolide resistance with functional erythromycin ribosomal methylase () genes was also investigated.

Evaluation of Q Gene Mycobacteria: A novel and easy nucleic acid chromatography method for mycobacterial species identification.

Objectives: A simple, rapid, and new diagnostic test for mycobacteria, named Q Gene Mycobacteria, has been developed. It is based on multiplex PCR using primers harbouring DNA tags combined with a dipstick nucleic acid chromatography method, which does not require the denaturation of PCR products for hybridization and can identify five species of mycobacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC), Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, Mycobacterium kansasii, and Mycobacterium gordonae. This study aimed to evaluate Q Gene Mycobacteria for the accurate identification of these five species.

A case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis laboratory cross-contamination.

Setting: A laboratory cross-contamination event was suspected because Mycobacterium tuberculosis was unexpectedly detected at a high incidence in the cultures of several clinical specimens at the National Hospital Organization, Tokyo National Hospital, Japan.

Objective: To describe a case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis laboratory cross-contamination.

Design: We reviewed the medical records of 20 patients whose clinical specimens were suspected to have been contaminated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Mycobacteroides (Mycobacterium) abscessus complex, Mycolicibacterium (Mycobacterium) fortuitum, and Mycobacteroides (Mycobacterium) chelonae.

The drug susceptibility of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) varies among isolates. Treatment strategies similarly differ depending on the isolate, and for some, no clear strategy has been identified. This complicates clinical management of RGM.

A simplified pyrazinamidase test for pyrazinamide drug susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

We modified Wayne's pyrazinamidase test against Mycobacterium tuberculosis to indirectly measure pyrazinamidase activity via pyrazinoic acid in liquid medium. The modified pyrazinamidase test was easy to perform and its results were in complete agreement with those of the conventional Wayne's method, highlighting its potential application in phenotypic pyrazinamide susceptibility testing.

, Basonym , Expresses Morphological Phenotypes Much More Similar to Than in Quantitative Structome Analysis and CryoTEM Examination.

A series of structome analyses, that is, quantitative and three-dimensional structural analysis of a whole cell at the electron microscopic level, have already been achieved individually in , Myojin spiral bacteria, and . In these analyses, sample cells were processed through cryo-fixation and rapid freeze-substitution, resulting in the exquisite preservation of ultrastructures on the serial ultrathin sections examined by transmission electron microscopy. In this paper, structome analysis of non pathogenic , basonym , was performed.

Six species of nontuberculous mycobacteria carry non-identical 16S rRNA gene copies.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can carry two or more 16S rRNA gene copies that are, in some instances, non-identical. In this study, we used a combined cloning and sequencing approach to analyze 16S rRNA gene sequences of six NTM species, Mycobacterium cosmeticum, M. pallens, M.

Prevention of aerosol isolation of nontuberculous mycobacterium from the patient's bathroom.

http://ow.ly/62cH30krdpa.

Evaluation of PyroMark Q24 pyrosequencing as a method for the identification of mycobacteria.

We evaluated PyroMark Q24 (QIAGEN) pyrosequencing as a method for the identification of mycobacteria, with potential application in clinical practice. Sequence data from the hypervariable region A of the 16S rRNA gene (43 and 35bp sequences) were obtained using PyroMark Q24, and a similarity search was performed automatically with PyroMark IdentiFire software. Of the 148 mycobacterial type strains tested, 138 (93.

Prediction of Local Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates of a Predominantly Beijing Lineage by Use of a Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Typing Method Incorporating a Consensus Set of Hypervariable Loci.

Strain genotyping based on the variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) is widely applied for identifying the transmission of A consensus set of four hypervariable loci (1982, 3232, 3820, and 4120) has been proposed to improve the discrimination of Beijing lineage strains. Herein, we evaluated the utility of these four hypervariable loci for tracing local tuberculosis transmission in 981 cases over a 14-month period in Japan (2010 to 2011). We used six different VNTR systems, with or without the four hypervariable loci.

Mycobacterium abscessus and massiliense lung infection during macrolide treatment for bronchiolitis obliterans after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

In patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), post-transplant lung infection is critical for their prognosis. Mycobacterium abscessus complex is not fully recognized as a nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) pathogen of post-SCT lung infection. Here, we present three post-allogeneic SCT patients who developed pulmonary infection caused by M.