[Pharmacists' Behavior in Clinical Practice: Results from a Questionnaire Survey of Pharmacy Students].

A questionnaire survey was performed to obtain pharmacy students' impressions of pharmacists' behavior, to classify these based on professionalism, and to analyze the relationship between these experiences and students' satisfaction with their clinical practice in Japan. The questionnaire was answered by 327 5th-year pharmacy school students upon completing clinical practice at community pharmacies from 2011 to 2012. They rated their satisfaction with their clinical practice using a 6-point Likert scale, and provided descriptions of their experience such as, "This health provider is professional", or "What a great person he/she is as a health provider".

Simple and effective preparation of nano-pulverized curcumin by femtosecond laser ablation and the cytotoxic effect on C6 rat glioma cells in vitro.

The pulverization of poorly water-soluble drugs and drug candidates into nanoscale particles is a simple and effective means of increasing their pharmacological effect. Consequently, efficient methods for pulverizing compounds are being developed. Femtosecond lasers, which emit ultrashort laser pulses, can be used to generate nanoscale particles without heating and are finding in various fields, including pharmaceutical science.

Frequency of CD45RO+ subset in CD4+CD25(high) regulatory T cells associated with progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The purpose of this study was to assess the properties of CD4+CD25(high/low/negative) T cell subsets and analyze their relation with dendritic cells (DCs) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In HCC patients, the prevalence of CD45RO+ cells in CD4+CD25(high) T cells was increased and associated with higher frequencies of plasmacytoid DCs. Larger proportions of this T cell subset were detected in the patients with larger tumor burdens.

Tenascin-C is upregulated in the skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis.

Background: Tenascin-C is a large, hexameric extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is expressed during embryogenesis, carcinogenesis and wound healing. In normal adult human skin the expression level of tenascin-C is low, but levels are elevated in skin tumors and rise significantly in the dermal compartment during wound healing. Although the expression of tenascin-C could be upregulated by inflammatory cytokines, the role of tenascin-C in atopic dermatitis (AD) is still unclear.

Gene expression of enzymes for tryptophan degradation pathway is upregulated in the skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis or psoriasis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis are common inflammatory skin diseases. Although many reports implicate Th2 cytokines in the pathophysiology of AD and Th1 cytokines in psoriasis, the precise etiology of these diseases remains elusive.

Objective: We investigated novel AD- or psoriasis-related genes to further understand the pathogenesis of these diseases.

Cloning and characterization of the highly expressed ETEA gene from blood cells of atopic dermatitis patients.

Analysis of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) for differential expression of genes, as compared to normal individuals, will be useful for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of AD. We found that the expression of the gene ETEA in human peripheral blood CD3-positive cells from patients with atopic dermatitis was significantly higher than in normal individuals. Eosinophils from AD patients expressed ETEA at a significantly higher level than the healthy controls.