Publications by authors named "Akiko Eto"

The phenotype of an attenuated live vaccine depends on gene mutation achieved by, for example, many passages in cultured cells. Viral clones with preferable phenotypes are selected and the causative genetic mutation(s) are later identified. LC16m8 is an example of a highly attenuated smallpox vaccine that was developed and licensed in Japan in the 1970s.

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External levator advancement is commonly performed for involutional blepharoptosis repair; however, it is difficult to predict the postoperative upper eyelid position (UEP) accurately in blepharoptosis surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence postoperative UEP following surgery for involutional blepharoptosis. We retrospectively studied 40 Japanese women (80 eyelids) who underwent bilateral external levator advancement surgery.

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Concerns about bioterrorism and outbreaks of zoonotic orthopoxvirus require safe and efficacious smallpox vaccines. We previously reported the clinical efficacy and safety profiles of LC16m8, a live, attenuated, cell culture-derived, smallpox vaccine, examined in over 3000 healthy Japanese adults with various vaccination histories. In this study, serum of approximately 200 subjects pre and post LC16m8 vaccination were subjected to a vaccinia virus-specific protein array to evaluate the proteome-wide immunogenicity.

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Background: We compare the vascular territory of free muscle-sparing transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (MS-TRAM) flaps, deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps, and crossover anastomosis (CA) flaps using intraoperative ex vivo angiography. We also use ex vivo angiography to analyze the vascular architecture of the MS-TRAM flap.

Methods: Our study includes 84 lower abdominal free flaps: MS-TRAM, DIEP-1 (1 perforator), DIEP-2 (2 perforators), and CA.

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Japan promotes research related to intractable diseases and financially supports patients with these diseases. Intractable diseases are designated as those that fulfill the following criteria: (1) rarity (affecting less than 0.1% of the population in Japan), (2) unknown etiology, (3) lack of effective treatment, (4) necessity of long-term treatment, and (5) existence of objective diagnostic criteria and not necessarily equal to rare diseases in other countries.

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LC16m8 is a live, attenuated, cell-cultured smallpox vaccine that was developed and licensed in Japan in the 1970s, but was not used in the campaign to eradicate smallpox. In the early 2000s, the potential threat of bioterrorism led to reconsideration of the need for a smallpox vaccine. Subsequently, LC16m8 production was restarted in Japan in 2002, requiring re-evaluation of its safety and efficacy.

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Purpose: To accurately assess eyelid and eyebrow position, we have developed a new measurement method using a digital image analysis system.

Materials And Methods: (1) Plotting the corneal limbus by transferring to the software digital images of the patient's eyes in the primary gaze position; (2) determining the corneal ring, center, and longitudinal diameter; and (3) measuring the upper eyelid and eyebrow position. The method was tested on 24 patients with senile blepharoptosis and 45 young healthy eyelids without ptosis.

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The extended latissimus dorsi (LD) flap, which includes adipofascial tissue around the posterior iliac crest, is a good option to reconstruct a large breast. However, poor vascularity in the extended part may cause partial fat necrosis. To minimise this problem, vascular augmentation of the extended adipofascial part was performed.

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Purpose: When using a free flap to reconstruct a facial deformity caused by Romberg's disease, it is important to prevent the flap from sagging after the operation. We report a new method of reconstructive surgery using a free subscapular adipofascial flap to prevent this problem.

Patients And Methods: Three female patients (ages 27, 28, and 34 years) with Parry-Romberg syndrome underwent microsurgical free scapular flap transfer for buccal defects.

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Article Synopsis
  • * It found that two harmful bacteria, S. mutans and S. sobrinus, are susceptible to hBD-2, suggesting it could help prevent tooth decay.
  • * In contrast, S. mitis showed the least susceptibility to hBD-2, indicating it may have a resistance mechanism that helps it thrive in the oral environment.
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S-(2,3-bispalmitoyloxypropyl)Cys-Gly-Asp-Pro-Lys-His-Pro-Lys-Ser-Phe (FSL-1) derived from Mycoplasma salivarium stimulated NF-kappaB reporter activity in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells transfected with Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) or cotransfected with TLR2 and TLR6, but not in HEK293 cells transfected with TLR6, in a dose-dependent manner. The activity was significantly higher in HEK293 cells transfected with both TLR2 and TLR6 than in HEK293 cells transfected with only TLR2. The deletion mutant TLR2(DeltaS40-I64) (a TLR2 mutant with a deletion of the region of Ser(40) to Ile(64)) failed to activate NF-kappaB in response to FSL-1.

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Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), a prominent cellular response to bacterial endotoxin or other microbial products, must be strictly regulated because excessive activation leads to overproduction of cytotoxic cytokines that culminates in septic shock. During screening for genes up-regulated upon inflammation, we identified a new member of the IkappaB family proteins with the ankyrin-repeats. This protein, designated IkappaB-zeta, is hardly detectable in resting cells, but is strongly induced upon stimulation by lipopolysaccharide, which stimulates cells through the Toll-like receptor 4.

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I kappa B-zeta, a new negative-regulator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), is strongly induced by lipopolysaccharide or interleukin-1 beta stimulation, but not by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Here, we analyzed the mechanisms for transcriptional induction of I kappa B-zeta. I kappa B-zeta mRNA was induced by overexpression of MyD88 or TRAF6, but not TRAF2.

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