Enzalutamide Prolonged the Duration of Drug Use in Comparison to Abiraterone Acetate and Cabazitaxel after Upfront Docetaxel: A Large Japanese Database Study.

Introduction: In the United States, a total of 268,490 men were found to have prostate cancer in 2022, thus making it the most common cancer in men, accounting for 27% of all cancers in the male population. Among all cancers in men, it was the fifth leading cause of death, with 34,500 deaths and a mortality rate of 11%. In 2019, the total number of cases was 94,748, making it the leading cancer in males, accounting for 11% of all male cancers.

[A CASE OF URACHAL CARCINOMA WITH HIGH FREQUENCY MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY (MSI-HIGH) TREATED BY PEMBROLIZUMAB].

A 75-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with suspected gastrointestinal perforation and underwent emergency surgery. Bladder perforation was revealed during the surgery, and she was referred to our department. We detected a tumor on the apex of the bladder and performed partial resection of the bladder.

Incidence and location of perioperative deep vein thrombosis in patients with bladder cancer undergoing radical cystectomy.

Objectives: To determine the incidence and location of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing radical cystectomy.

Methods: We performed radical cystectomy in 137 patients with bladder cancer between August 2014 and February 2020. Since 2014, we have had a policy to screen for deep vein thrombosis using lower extremity ultrasonography both before and after radical cystectomy.

[ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IMMUNE-RELATED ADVERSE EVENTS AND THE EFFICACY OF PEMBROLIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA].

(Objectives) We evaluated the association between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and the efficacy of pembrolizumab therapy in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. (Methods) Data of 42 patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab between May 2018 and February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed to determine the association between irAEs and objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). (Results) IrAEs were observed in 19 patients (45.

Galectin-9 expression as a poor prognostic factor in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Recently, the effectiveness of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) antibody therapy in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been established. Nevertheless, efficacy has been reported to be limited to only 10-30% of patients. To develop more effective immunotherapy for RCC, we analyzed the immunological characteristics in RCC tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC).

The occurrence of high-grade complications after radical cystectomy worsens oncological outcomes in patients with bladder cancer.

Purpose: Reports frequently describe the worsening of oncologic outcome in patients who developed high-grade complications after curative surgery for esophageal, gastric, and breast cancers. We investigated the extent of this correlation in patients with bladder cancer after radical cystectomy (RC).

Methods: During 2002-2017, we performed 326 RC and urinary diversion procedures and collected data regarding complications in these patients within 90 days postoperatively.

[RETROPERITONEAL LIPOSARCOMA WITH MULTIPLE RECURRENCE OF LUNG METASTASES TREATED BY MULTIMODAL THERAPY CENTERING ON THE OPERATION: A CASE REPORT].

A 34-year-old man presented with scrotal pain and slight fever. The scrotal pain was improved by the treatment of antibiotics, but the slight fever remained and an abdominal protuberance appeared. Computed tomography showed a 22 cm abdominal tumor with lipid density.

Enhanced expression of PD-L1 in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer after treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin.

Immune checkpoint molecules, such as PD-1/PD-L1, are reported to be closely associated with suppression of antitumor immunity, and their inhibitors have been used to treat various cancers including bladder cancer. However, there have been only a few studies investigating the effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) administration on expression of the immune checkpoint molecules in bladder cancer. The current study examined the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 before and after BCG in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients.

[A Case of Long Survival in Aggressively Growing Small Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder Successfully Treated by Combined Chemotherapy of Methotrexate, Etoposide and Cisplatin].

A 74-year-old man underwent transurethral resection for a bladder tumor (TURBT). The pathological diagnosis was urothelial carcinoma, grade 3 pT2 at least. He desired preservation of the bladder.

[Pathological Complete Response of Metastatic Testicular Tumor with Persistent Low Level Positive Human Chorionic Gonadotropin after Chemotherapy].

We describe a case of testicular tumor with multiple metastasis to the lung,retoroperitoneal lymph node, and brain. After chemotherapy the retroperitoneal lymph node and brain metastasis disappeared,but the multiple pulmonary metastases but not disappear,although they were reduced in size. Since the human chorionic gonadotoropin (HCG) was persistently dected at a low level,we performed a testosterone tolerance test.

[A Case of Metastatic Seminomatous Testicular Tumor with Complicated Diagnosis by FDG-PET].

18F-fluorodeoxy glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for evaluation of the post chemotherapy residual tumor of the seminomatous testicular germ cell tumor is recommended by several guidelines. We report a case whose residual tumor was evaluated by FDG PET but the results were difficult to interpret. A 41-year-old male with left seminomatous germ cell tumor of the testis and 60 mm retroperitoneal lymph node (RPLN) metastasis was referred to our hospital.