Enhanced degradation of 4-aminobenzenesulfonate by a co-culture of Afipia sp. 624S and Diaphorobacter sp. 624L.

Two strains, Afipia sp. 624S and Diaphorobacter sp. 624L, were isolated from an enrichment culture with 4-aminobenzenesulfonate (4-ABS) as the only carbon source.

Improved methanization and microbial diversity during batch mode cultivation with repetition of substrate addition using defined organic matter and marine sediment inoculum at seawater salinity.

The activation of microbes, which are needed to initiate continuous methane production, can be accomplished by fed-batch methanization. In the present study, marine sediment inoculum was activated by batch mode methanization with repetition of substrate addition using defined organic matter from sugar, protein, or fat at seawater salinity to investigate the potential for application of the activation method to various types of saline waste and microbial community compositions. All substrates had methane potentials close to the theoretical value except for bovine serum albumin (BSA) whose methane potential was lower, but the maximum methane potential reached the value during repeated methanization.

Thermophilic ethanol fermentation from lignocellulose hydrolysate by genetically engineered Moorella thermoacetica.

A transformant of Moorella thermoacetica was constructed for thermophilic ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass by deleting two phosphotransacetylase genes, pdul1 and pdul2, and introducing the native aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (aldh) controlled by the promoter from glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The transformant showed tolerance to 540mM and fermented sugars including fructose, glucose, galactose and xylose to mainly ethanol. In a mixed-sugar medium of glucose and xylose, all of the sugars were consumed to produce ethanol at the yield of 1.

Homolactic Acid Fermentation by the Genetically Engineered Thermophilic Homoacetogen Moorella thermoacetica ATCC 39073.

For the efficient production of target metabolites from carbohydrates, syngas, or H-CO by genetically engineered , the control of acetate production (a main metabolite of ) is desired. Although propanediol utilization protein (PduL) was predicted to be a phosphotransacetylase (PTA) involved in acetate production in , this has not been confirmed. Our findings described herein directly demonstrate that two putative PduL proteins, encoded by Moth_0864 () and Moth_1181 (), are involved in acetate formation as PTAs.

Semi-continuous methane production from undiluted brown algae using a halophilic marine microbial community.

Acclimated marine sediment-derived culture was used for semi-continuous methane production from materials equivalent to raw brown algae, without dilution of salinity and without nutrient supply, under 3 consecutive conditions of varying organic loading rates (OLRs) and hydraulic retention time (HRT). Methane production was stable at 2.0gVS/kg/day (39-day HRT); however, it became unstable at 2.

Glycerol acts as alternative electron sink during syngas fermentation by thermophilic anaerobe Moorella thermoacetica.

Moorella thermoacetica is an anaerobic thermophilic acetogen that is capable of fermenting sugars, H(2)/CO(2) and syngas (H(2)/CO). For this reason, this bacterium is potentially useful for biotechnology applications, particularly the production of biofuel from CO(2). A soil isolate of M.

Effect of salinity on methanogenic propionate degradation by acclimated marine sediment-derived culture.

Degradation of propionate under high salinity is needed for biomethane production from salt-containing feedstocks. In this study, marine sediment-derived culture was evaluated to determine the effect of salinity on methanogenic propionate degradation. Microbes in marine sediments were subjected to fed-batch cultivation on propionate for developing acclimatized cultures.

Dysgonomonas alginatilytica sp. nov., an alginate-degrading bacterium isolated from a microbial consortium.

Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain HUA-2T, was isolated from an alginate-degrading microbial consortium. Strain HUA-2T was related to Dysgonomonas capnocytophagoides JCM 16697T, Dysgonomonas macrotermitis JCM 19375T and Dysgonomonas mossii CCUG 43457T with 95.1 %, 94.

Characterization of a halotolerant acetoclastic methanogen highly enriched from marine sediment and its application in removal of acetate.

A marine sediment collected from Hiroshima Bay was cultured in artificial seawater, containing 0.51 M NaCl and 60 mM acetate and was found to exhibit active methane production at 37°C. Following four successive serial dilutions of cultures in medium containing 0.

Improved methane production from brown algae under high salinity by fed-batch acclimation.

Here, a methanogenic microbial community was developed from marine sediments to have improved methane productivity from brown algae under high salinity. Fed-batch cultivation was conducted by adding dry seaweed at 1wt% total solid (TS) based on the liquid weight of the NaCl-containing sediment per round of cultivation. The methane production rate and level of salinity increased 8-fold and 1.

Evaluation of marine sediments as microbial sources for methane production from brown algae under high salinity.

Various marine sediments were evaluated as promising microbial sources for methane fermentation of Saccharina japonica, a brown alga, at seawater salinity. All marine sediments tested produced mainly acetate among volatile fatty acids. One marine sediment completely converted the produced volatile fatty acids to methane in a short period.

Genome-guided analysis of transformation efficiency and carbon dioxide assimilation by Moorella thermoacetica Y72.

We determined a draft genome sequence for Moorella thermoacetica strain Y72, a syngas-assimilating bacterium with high transformation efficiency. This strain was confirmed to be M. thermoacetica because its overall genome sequence characteristics were similar to those of M.

Engineering of a functional thermostable kanamycin resistance marker for use in Moorella thermoacetica ATCC39073.

A transformation system for Moorella thermoacetica ATCC39073 was developed using thermostable kanamycin resistant gene (kanR) derived from the plasmid pJH1 that Streptococcus faecalis harbored. When kanR with its native promoter was introduced into uracil auxotrophic mutant of M. thermoacetica ATCC39073 together with a gene to complement the uracil auxotrophy as a selection marker, it did not give kanamycin resistance due to poor transcription level of kanR.

Isolation of thermophilic acetogens and transformation of them with the pyrF and kan(r) genes.

The application of microbial catalysts to syngas from the gasification of lignocellulosic biomass is gaining interest. Acetogens, a group of anaerobic bacteria, can grow autotrophically on gaseous substrates such as hydrogen and carbon dioxide or syngas and produce acetate via the acetyl-CoA pathway. Here, we report the isolation from a soil sample of two thermophilic acetogen strains, Y72 and Y73, that are closely related to Moorella sp.

Development of genetic transformation and heterologous expression system in carboxydotrophic thermophilic acetogen Moorella thermoacetica.

To develop a microbial production platform based on hydrogen and carbon dioxide, a genetic transformation system for the thermophilic acetogen Moorella thermoacetica ATCC39073 was developed. The uracil auxotrophic strain dpyrF was constructed by disrupting pyrF for orotate monophosphate decarboxylase. The transformation plasmids were methylated by restriction methylases of M.