Clinical Features of Precocious, Synchronous, and Metachronous Brain Metastases and the Role of Tumor Resection.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify clinical features, outcomes, and the role of tumor resection in precocious, synchronous, and metachronous brain metastases.

Methods: Brain metastases were found before primary cancer detection in the precocious group, within 2 months after primary cancer detection in the synchronous group, and 2 months or later after primary cancer detection in the metachronous group.

Results: Of 471 patients with brain metastases, 93 (20%) were included in the precocious group, 76 (16%) in the synchronous group, and 302 (64%) in the metachronous group.

Hazard of ultraviolet radiation emitted in gas metal arc welding of mild steel.

Objectives: Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) emitted during arc welding frequently causes keratoconjunctivitis and erythema in the workplace. The degree of hazard from UVR exposure depends on the welding method and conditions. Therefore, it is important to identify the UVR levels present under various conditions.

Hazard of ultraviolet radiation emitted in gas tungsten arc welding of aluminum alloys.

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) emitted during arc welding frequently causes keratoconjunctivitis and erythema. The extent of the hazard of UVR varies depending on the welding method and conditions. Therefore, it is important to identify the levels of UVR that are present under various conditions.

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the cranial vault: two case reports.

Malignant lymphoma of the cranial vault is a rare entity and the tumor growth patterns are not well understood. Here we report two cases of malignant lymphoma involving the scalp and epidural space with slight changes in the intervening skull. A 63-year-old woman presented with a scalp mass in her right frontal area.

Prediction of neurological recovery using apparent diffusion coefficient in cases of incomplete spinal cord injury.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging is useful in evaluating acute spinal cord injury. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values obtained by diffusion-weighted imaging can differentiate cytotoxic edema from vasogenic edema through microscopic motion of water protons.

Objective: To determine whether ADC values in the cervical spinal cord match neurological grades and thus predict functional recovery in patients suffering from cervical spinal cord injury.

Subependymoma in the lateral ventricle manifesting as intraventricular hemorrhage.

A 32-year-old man presented with subependymoma in the lateral ventricle causing intraventricular hemorrhage and manifesting as severe headache and disturbance of consciousness. Computed tomography on admission showed a massive intraventricular hemorrhage and acute obstructive hydrocephalus. Cerebral angiography revealed no abnormal findings.

[Case of enlargement of an intradiploic epidermoid cyst by a head contusion].

We report a case of enlargement of a intradiploic epidermoid cyst following head trauma in a 19-year-old man. The patient had a swelling on the right side of his forehead from the time of his birth. He sustained a bruise in this region when he was 15 years old, following which the swelling gradually enlarged.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by rupture of a distal anterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm--three case reports.

Three female patients, two under 35 years old, presented with ruptured aneurysms of the distal anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) manifesting as subarachnoid hemorrhage. The first patient had a ruptured saccular aneurysm of the meatal loop of AICA, which was treated by direct neck clipping. The second patient had a ruptured aneurysmal lesion that arose from a microvascular anomaly of the dorsolateral portion of the AICA, which was successfully treated by trapping.

[Case report of lumbar discal cyst].

The authors describe a rare case of lumbar discal cyst which produced manifestations similar o lumbar disc herniation. A 33-year-old man, who had had a crick in the back 3 months previously, suffered from severe low back and right lower-extremity pain. The neurological examination showed the L5 radiculopathy through the positive straight leg-raising test, no motor weakness nor sensory disturbance with normal reflexes.

[Nontraumatic arterial dissection of the anterior cerebral artery: six cases report].

Nontraumatic arterial dissection of the anterior cerebral artery (NAD-ACA) is a relatively rare disease entity, although case reports have recently been increased. We treated 6 patients suffering from NAD-ACA from January 1996 to December 2003, and the neuroradiological findings together with the clinical courses were reviewed. There were 3 males and 3 females with a mean age of 57.

[Hemangioblastoma of the optic nerve growing like a dumbbell through the optic canal: case report].

We report a case of optic nerve hemangioblastoma in a 29-year-old man without a family history of von Hippel-Lindau disease or the other organ symptoms. He had progressive loss of vision and proptosis with a dull pain in his right eye. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) showed a gadolinium (Gd) enhancing solid tumor involving the prechiasmal right optic nerve with intraorbital extension.

[A case of peripheral-type primitive neuroectodermal tumor arising in the dura mater at the frontal base].

A 7-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of headache and frequent vomiting. The patient was noted to have papilloedema and mild palsy of the right abducent nerve. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed a large tumor in the frontal base with tumoral hemorrhage.

A case of angioglioma composed of astrocytoma with a papillary growth pattern: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies.

We report a case of a large cystic astrocytoma associated with arteriovenous malformation in the right cerebral hemisphere of a 16-year-old boy. Neuroimaging showed large abnormal vessels with flow voids and arteriovenous shunt around the cystic lesion. Histologically, the cyst wall was formed by abnormal vasculature and clusters of glial cells forming a papillary growth pattern.