and Analyses of the Adiponectin Receptor Agonistic Action of Soybean Tripeptides.

The Tyr-Pro (YP) dipeptide can serve as an adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) agonist. We thus investigated the AdipoR1-agonistic potential of YP-related tripeptides in the soybean protein sequence. Among the 17 soybean candidate tripeptides, those elongated at the C-terminus of YP (0.

In vitro and in silico characterization of adiponectin-receptor agonist dipeptides.

The aim of this study is to develop a dipeptide showing an adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) agonistic effect in skeletal muscle L6 myotubes. Based on the structure of the AdipoR1 agonist, AdipoRon, 15 synthetic dipeptides were targeted to promote glucose uptake in L6 myotubes. Tyr-Pro showed a significant increase in glucose uptake among the dipeptides, while other dipeptides, including Pro-Tyr, failed to exert this effect.

Brain-transportable soy dipeptide, Tyr-Pro, attenuates amyloid β peptide-induced memory impairment in mice.

In this study, experiments on amyloid β peptide-induced mice were performed to provide in vivo evidence on the potential of the blood-brain barrier transportable soy dipeptide, Tyr-Pro, in combating memory impairment. We demonstrated for the first time that oral administration of Tyr-Pro (100 mg/kg, twice a day) in mice for 16 days significantly improved impaired memory by spontaneous alternation and shortened step-through latency in amyloid β-induced mice.

Self-organization phenomena and decaying self-similar state in two-dimensional incompressible viscous fluids.

The final self-similar state of decaying two-dimensional (2D) turbulence in 2D incompressible viscous flow is analytically and numerically investigated for the case with periodic boundaries. It is proved by theoretical analysis and simulations that the sinh-Poisson state comega=-sinh (betapsi) is not realized in the dynamical system of interest. It is shown by an eigenfunction spectrum analysis that a sufficient explanation for the self-organization to the decaying self-similar state is the faster energy decay of higher eigenmodes and the energy accumulation to the lowest eigenmode for given boundary conditions due to simultaneous normal and inverse cascading by nonlinear mode couplings.