Differences in the microbiota of oral rinse, lesion, and normal site samples from patients with mucosal abnormalities on the tongue.

The oral microbiota associated with mucosal diseases, including oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders, have been extensively analyzed at the phylum and genus levels. However, the details of the oral microbiota remain unclear at the species and operational taxonomic unit (OTU) levels. We aimed to determine differences in the microbiota of oral rinse, lesion and normal site swab samples of patients with mucosal abnormalities on the tongues.

A Case of Non-hereditary White Sponge Nevus in the Oral Cavity Successfully Treated with Tetracycline Ointment and Oral Multivitamins.

White spongiform nevus is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder first reported by Cannon in 1935. It is a rare disease in which the oral mucosa thickens into an edematous and spongy state and is often accompanied by difficult to recognize subjective symptoms. We report a case of multiple non-hereditary white cavernous nevi in the oral mucosa.

Poor oral hygiene is associated with the detection of obligate anaerobes in pneumonia.

Background: Oral cavity is a reservoir of various respiratory pathogens, and poor oral hygiene is associated with an increase in anaerobic bacteria in oral cavity. In addition, it positively relates higher risk of developing pneumonia and increased pneumonia-related mortality. However, the association between poor oral hygiene and increase in obligate anaerobes in the lungs of pneumonia patients is unclear.

Chronic mandibular osteomyelitis caused by Granulicatella adiacens in an immunocompetent child.

We report a pediatric case aged 10 years with Granulicatella adiacens-associated chronic mandibular osteomyelitis. The causative pathogen was uncertain because polymicrobial species were detected from the bacterial culture in bone marrow fluid. In contrast, G.

[Treatment of Mandibular Fracture-Associated Infectious Pseudarthrosis Accompanied by Osteomyelitis in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient].

Peritoneal dialysis can be performed at home, and the transfer of solutes in the blood and other body fluids is slow compared to hemodialysis, reducing the load on the circulatory organs and lessening the frequency of hospital visits. We encountered a male patient in his 70s on peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal failure who developed obsolete mandibular fracture-associated pseudarthrosis accompanied by osteomyelitis, which was treated with noninvasive reduction and fixation using circumferential wiring after the resolution of inflammation. The inflammation was resolved by an intravenous drip infusion of ampicillin and lavage of the local region through the fistulated region during hospitalization, and sequestrum was removed under local anesthesia.

Strong expression of polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 independently predicts shortened disease-free survival in patients with early stage oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GalNAc-Ts) family of enzymes regulates the critical initial steps of mucin-type O-glycosylation. Among GalNAc-Ts that may significantly influence cancer biology, thus affecting cell differentiation, adhesion, invasion, and/or metastasis, GalNAc-T3 exhibits a high expression in several human cancers, closely associated with tumor progression and a poor prognosis. However, the expression pattern of GalNAc-T3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains obscure.

Intraoperative frozen section histological analysis of resection samples is useful for the control of primary lesions in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

To ensure reliable surgical margins, intraoperative frozen section histological analysis (FS) has been performed since October, 2005 as follows: i) the orientation at the anatomical position and extent of the tumor are shared between oral pathologists and oral surgeons using imaging evaluations and pathological pictures and the planned site of sampling for intraoperative FS is confirmed; ii) a tumor team is organized and the team marks the tumor area and sets the resection range to correct the setting errors of the resection range among operators; iii) vital Lugol staining is applied to the lesion prior to tumor resection, the surgical margin is set based on the non-stained region and the extent of the tumor is macroscopically confirmed in the maximum cross-sectional surface of the resected specimen; and iv) FS is performed using samples from resected specimens to confirm the mucoepithelium and safety margin of the deep stump. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of our FS method. The treatment outcomes of oral squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively investigated in patients treated prior to (Group 1) and after (Group 2) the introduction of our FS method.

Notch signaling induces EMT in OSCC cell lines in a hypoxic environment.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an early step in the acquisition of invasiveness by malignant tumors. It has been clarified that the tumor microenvironment affects malignancy in a number of different carcinomas, in particular, that a hypoxic environment induces EMT. Activation of Notch signaling induces EMT, but it remains unclear how the Notch pathway is involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) under hypoxia.

A novel ameloblastoma cell line (AM-3) secretes MMP-9 in response to Wnt-3a and induces osteoclastogenesis.

Objective: Ameloblastoma has a high risk of bone invasion and local recurrence. However, the mechanisms of bone invasion in ameloblastoma remain unclear. In this study, we established an experimental model for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) induction and osteoclastogenesis using ameloblastoma-derived cells.

The transcription factor Snail enhanced the degradation of E-cadherin and desmoglein 2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key process in the tumor metastatic cascade, is characterized by the loss of cell-cell junctions and cell polarity as well as the acquisition of migratory and invasive properties. However, the precise molecular events that initiate this complex EMT process are poorly understood. Snail is a regulator of EMT that represses E-cadherin transcription through its interaction with proximal E-boxes in the promoter region of target genes.

Analysis of the outcome of concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with S-1 compared to super-selective intra-arterial infusion for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

We introduced concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, as treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) from October 2005. The clinical usefulness and medical safety of CCRT with S-1 (S-1 group) for OSCC were analyzed and compared with CCRT using super-selective intra-arterial infusion (AI group). The subjects in the S-1 group underwent external irradiation, at a total dose of 30 Gy, with S-1 chemotherapy.

SUVmax of FDG-PET correlates with the effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and the effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and to identify the possible biological background of this association. Thirty-seven patients with OSCC, who underwent preoperative FDG-PET followed by cancer treatment with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, were enrolled in this study. The various histological effects following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were compared to the SUVmax in the primary OSCC.

Upregulation of Notch pathway molecules in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The constitutive activation of the Notch pathway has been demonstrated in various types of malignancies. However, it remains unclear how the Notch pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We investigated the expression of Notch pathway molecules in OSCC cell lines and biopsy specimens and examined the effect of Notch pathway inhibition.

Hyperosmotic stress up-regulates the expression of major vault protein in SW620 human colon cancer cells.

The major vault protein (MVP) is the major constituent of the vault particle, the largest ribonuclear protein complex described to date and is identical to lung resistance-related protein (LRP). Although MVP is also expressed in several normal tissues, little is known about its physiological role. MVP played a protective role against some xenobiotics and other stresses.