Discordance in the reduction rate between glycated albumin and glycated hemoglobin levels in type 2 diabetes patients receiving SGLT2 inhibitors.

Aims: Although the difference in HbA reduction between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and other oral glucose-lowering agents is relatively small, SGLT2 inhibitors exhibit beneficial cardiorenal protection. This study was based on the hypothesis that changes of HbA in patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors may not accurately reflect an improved glycemic profile.

Methods: Two studies were conducted: 1) a retrospective cohort study of 3039 patients administered with either an SGLT2 or a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor for 12 months comparing the changes in glycated albumin (GA) and HbA levels and 2) a pilot study of 10 patients whose glycemic dynamics were evaluated using flash glucose monitoring at baseline and 2 months after treatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor.

Hemodialysis-Related Glycemic Disarray Proven by Continuous Glucose Monitoring; Glycemic Markers and Hypoglycemia.

Objective: There is a high risk of asymptomatic hypoglycemia associated with hemodialysis (HD) using glucose-free dialysate; therefore, the inclusion of glucose in the dialysate is believed to prevent intradialytic hypoglycemia. However, the exact glycemic fluctuation profiles and frequency of asymptomatic hypoglycemia using dialysates containing >100 mg/dL glucose have not been determined.

Research Design And Methods: We evaluated the glycemic profiles of 98 patients, 68 of whom were men, with type 2 diabetes undergoing HD (HbA 6.

Identification and quantification of plasma free salusin-β, an endogenous parasympathomimetic peptide.

Salusin-β is an endogenous parasympathomimetic proatherosclerotic peptide. Salusin-β was initially predicted from bioinformatic analyses and later immunologically detected in human biofluids. However, elucidation of salusin-β bioactivity has faced enormous challenges because of its unique physicochemical characteristics that cause it to strongly adhere to laboratory apparatus materials.

Distinct biomarker roles for HbA and glycated albumin in patients with type 2 diabetes on hemodialysis.

Aims: HbA and glycated albumin (GA) are used to monitor glycemia, but their accuracy to represent glycemic profiles in hemodialysis remains controversial.

Methods: Continuous glucose monitoring in 97 patients with type 2 diabetes (41 on hemodialysis [HD] and 56 without nephropathy) was analyzed to evaluate whether HbA and/or GA serve as appropriate glycemic profile markers.

Results: The average glucose significantly correlated with HbA in both HD group and group without nephropathy (r=0.

Levels of albuminuria and risk of developing macroalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes: historical cohort study.

Although increased urinary albumin excretion may increase the risk of adverse renal outcomes in patients with diabetes, it remains unclear whether microalbuminuria is associated with a higher incidence of macroalbuminuria in the absence of non-diabetic kidney events that frequently develop during the long-term course of type 2 diabetes. This historical cohort study included patients with type 2 diabetes, spot urine albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) <300 mg/gCr and normal serum creatinine concentrations treated between August 1988 and April 2015. Patients with any evidence suggesting non-diabetic kidney diseases at baseline were excluded.

A very rare case of primary meningococcal arthritis in an adult male.

We report here a very rare case of primary meningococcal arthritis of the knee joint without clinical features associated with meningococcemia, meningitis, or meningococcal complications. The patient suffered from diabetes mellitus and had experienced two episodes of joint trauma. Intravenous infusion of ampicillin/sulbactam for 18 consecutive days was successful.

Physiological fluctuations of human plasma total salusin-β, an endogenous parasympathomimetic/proatherosclerotic peptide.

Salusin-β is an endogenous bioactive peptide that systemically exerts acute parasympathomimetic hemodynamic actions and locally induces atherogenesis. Due to its unique physicochemical characteristics to immediately adhere to all types of plastic and glassware, its plasma concentrations have only been successfully determined very recently. Using a total of 50 healthy adults (median age 28 years, range 24-57 years), we evaluated whether circulating salusin-β levels are affected by the autonomic nervous functions.

Circulating levels of human salusin-β, a potent hemodynamic and atherogenesis regulator.

Using bioinformatics analysis, we previously identified salusin-β, an endogenous bioactive peptide with diverse physiological activities. Salusin-β is abundantly expressed in the neuroendocrine system and in systemic endocrine cells/macrophages. Salusin-β acutely regulates hemodynamics and chronically induces atherosclerosis, but its unique physicochemical characteristics to tightly adhere to all types of plastic and glassware have prevented elucidation of its precise pathophysiological role.

New indices for predicting glycaemic variability.

Blood glucose variability is known to be associated with increased risk of long-term complications. Reliable indices for predicting hyperglycaemic and hypoglycaemic fluctuations are therefore needed. Glycaemic standard deviation (SD) obtained by continuous glucose monitoring correlates closely with nine previously described glycaemic variability formulas.

A woman with salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia presenting with a mucinous ovarian cystadenoma during pregnancy.

Women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency show reduced fertility, especially with the salt-wasting form. A 27-year-old pregnant woman with this disease underwent laparotomy and oophorectomy to remove a multilocular ovarian tumor at 14 weeks of pregnancy. This proved to be a mucinous cystadenoma.