Extraperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy by the da Vinci and Versius System: first comparative analysis.

Background: Robotic-assisted surgery (particularly with the da Vinci Surgical System) has revolutionized urological interventions. The advent of the Versius Surgical System introduces a compelling alternative. This study compares outcomes of extraperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (eRARP) using da Vinci and Versius, presenting the largest case series to date.

Male infertility and urological tumors: Pathogenesis and therapeutical implications.

Most genitourinary tract cancers have a negative impact on male fertility. Although testicular cancers have the worst impact, other tumors such as prostate, bladder, and penis are diagnosed early and treated in relatively younger patients in which couple fertility can be an important concern. The purpose of this review is to highlight both the pathogenetic mechanisms of damage to male fertility in the context of the main urological cancers and the methods of preserving male fertility in an oncological setting, in light of the most recent scientific evidence.

[The importance of DNA-cytometry for the prediction of nasopharyngeal malignancy].

The method of DNA-cytometry was applied to examine patients presenting with nasopharyngeal malignancy. The results obtained in laboratory studies were compared with clinical observations and data of medical histories. It was shown that diploid and aneuploid nasopharyngeal tumours are represented in an equal proportion.

[Restoration of speech function in oncological patients with maxillary defects].

Speech quality was evaluated in 188 patients with acquired maxillary defects. Prosthetic treatment of 29 patients was preceded by pharmacopsychotherapy. Sixty three patients had lessons with a logopedist and 66 practiced self-tuition based on the specially developed test.

[DNA flow cytometry in the prognostication of certain malignant neoformations].

The study has been concerned with DNA ploidy and its significance for prognosis of different neoplasms. The investigation included 314 patients: primary cancer of the lung (96), head and neck (146) and large bowel (72). Patients received surgery alone or surgery plus either radiotherapy or chemotherapy; they were followed up for 6-20 months.

[Primary and delayed combined plastic repair of pharngoesophagostomies in patients with laryngopharyngeal cancer].

Primary and delayed combined plastic surgery using massive musculocutaneous pedicle flaps composed of musculus pectoralis major, musculus sternocleidomastoideus, musculus trapezius in combination with cellulocutaneous and skin flaps provides appropriate plastic repair of total and subtotal defects of the pharynx and cervical esophagus after combined interventions for oropharyngeal cancer stage III-IV. Composite flaps warrant good and satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcomes in the majority of patients without additional hospital stay.

[Morphological and biological features of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx].

The study of morphological and biological criteria of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in 81 patients proved essential in the disease prognosis. In grade I malignancy 90 +/- 6.7% of patients were 3 years free of recurrences and metastases, in grade 11 - 76 +/- 8.

[The use of clindamycin and netilmicin for preventing postoperative wound infection in patients with cancer of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts].

Clindamycin (2.7 g/day) and netilmicin (5.6 mg/kg) were used for 6-10 days in 27 patients with laryngeal and oral cancer versus beta-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides received by 56 matched patients to prevent infection of the operative wound.

[Postoperative prolonged analgesia without the use of narcotic analgesics].

Intravenous prolonged analgesia with analgin, diazepam and no-spa was used in the early postoperative period in 59 patients with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity organs. The technique used ensured a marked analgetic effect. The combination of analgin, diazepam and no-spa, as compared to promedol, promoted to an earlier recovery of the respiration function, which was an effective measure preventing the onset of pulmonary complications.

[Postoperative analgesia using moradol in emergency surgery].

Moradol was used for postoperative analgesia in 39 patients subject to urgent surgery. Promedol was used as a control. It has been found that a marked pain syndrome in the early postoperative period in patients examined was characterized by certain deviations of the parameters studied.

[Postoperative lymphotropic antibiotic therapy of urology patients with suppurative-septic complications].

Antibiotic treatment plays an important role in the prevention of pyoseptic complications of urologic surgery. However, conventional treatment results in irregular distribution of the antibiotic agent through the liquid media of the body, the emergence of resistant bacterial strains and lymphostasis, while higher doses increase toxic effect on the kidneys, aggravating the clinical condition. Treatment efficiency has been shown to be dependent on the effective dose of the drug in the inflammation focus, which is achieved through its endolymphatic administration.

[Preanesthetic preparation and induction anesthesia in acute cholecystitis in middle-aged and elderly patients].

Under examination there were 59 elderly and senile patients with acute cholecystitis subjected to emergency operations. It was found that among 3 kinds of initial narcosis smooth course was notable in the phentanyl-sombrevin initial narcosis. The administration of thalamonal-sombrevin initial narcosis results in a certain inhibition of blood circulation, and gives adequate anesthesia during endotracheal intubation.

[Selection of the method of postoperative analgesia in emergency proctology].

Different kinds of postoperative analgesia were used in 106 patients after urgent proctological operations. A comparative analysis of the objective and subjective data obtained have shown that epidural anesthesia is the most effective method of postoperative analgesia in urgent proctology.

[Hemodynamic function of patients with diffuse suppurative peritonitis].

A complex examination of central hemodynamics and contracting function of the heart was performed in 85 patients in the preoperative period. It was established that the toxic phase of peritonitis is characterized by the disturbed central hemodynamics and worse contracting function of the myocardium which are found to aggravate the process in the terminal phase and to require intensive prophylactic and curative measures. The authors consider that the shock index and coefficient of the functional state of central hemodynamics can be used in urgent cases for the assessment of the functional state of blood circulation.

[Basic principles of resuscitation and intensive therapy in patients with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

The authors analyze results of the treatment of 537 patients with acute gastro intestinal hemorrhages. All the patients were subjected to intensive therapy for the maintenance and recovery of vital functions of the organism. When the intensive therapy failed to give the necessary results the question was solved in favour of surgical interventions.

[Effect of hyperhybridization of nucleic acids].

The reasons for the effect of hyperhybridization (HH) of nucleic acids, when the degree of binding of labelled fragments in the heterologous reaction is higher than in the homologous one, are discussed. The object of investigation was DNA of salmon. HH is most demonstrative in hybridization of a DNA fraction which forms thermostable duplexes (Tm greater than or equal to 75 degrees).