A novel pictorial smile chart: Reliability and validity.

Introduction: Smile analysis provides data on the positive and negative elements of a patient's smile. We aimed to develop a simple pictorial chart to record relevant parameters of the smile analysis in a single diagram and to investigate the reliability and validity of this chart.

Methods: A panel of 5 orthodontists developed a graphical chart, which was reviewed by 12 orthodontists and 10 orthodontic residents.

Association of Nucleotide Variants of GRHL3, IRF6, NAT2, SDC2, BCL3, and PVRL1 Genes with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip With/Without Cleft Palate in Multigenerational Families: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Several genes are associated with the etiology of cleft lip and palate (CLP) in different populations. Many nucleotide variants on genes such as GRHL3, IRF6, NAT2, SDC2, BCL3, and PVRL1 were reported in different populations, but not studied in multigenerational cases in the Indian population.

Aim And Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate whether nucleotide variants rs41268753, rs861020, rs1041983, rs1042381, rs2965169, and rs10790332 are involved in the etiology of nonsyndromic CLP (NSCLP) in multigenerational Indian families.

Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Locus 18q21.1 in the Etiology of Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip Palate (NSCLP) in Indian Multiplex Families.

 Cleft lip palate (CLP) is a common congenital anomaly with multifactorial etiology. Many polymorphisms at different loci on multiple chromosomes were reported to be involved in its etiology. Genetic research on a single multigenerational American family reported 18q21.

Association of MAPK4 and SOX1-OT gene polymorphisms with cleft lip palate in multiplex families: A genetic study.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a common congenital anomaly. Many genes, like MAPK4 and SOX-1OT, are associated with its etiology in different populations. High-risk markers on these gene sreported in other populations were not studied in our population.

Gene Polymorphisms with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip Palate in Indian Population.

Cleft lip palate (CLP) is one of the common congenital anomalies with multifactorial etiology. Many genes are associated with its etiology. In one of the studies gene polymorphisms rs1546124, rs4783099, and rs16974880 were reported in the Chinese population.

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of initial displacement and stress on the craniofacial structures of unilateral cleft lip and palate model during protraction therapy with variable forces and directions.

Maxillary protraction and expansion is recommended to treat midfacial deficiency in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP), where amount and direction of forces can change displacement and stress. This study assessed the initial displacement and stresses using Facemask and Maxgym forces with and without RME at +20, 0, and -20 angulation using a finite element (FE) model of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCCLP). The Initial displacement and stress were more for protraction with expansion as compared to only protraction.

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Craniofacial Structures of Individuals With Nonsyndromic Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of the most common congenital deformities. Primary surgeries at an early age result in scar formation, which may impede the growth of craniofacial structures of the maxilla. Orthodontist's role in the management of individuals with CLP is important and starts from the time of birth.

Three-dimensional assessment of transverse displacement with Facemask and Maxgym in unilateral cleft lip and palate model.

Background: Growing patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) exhibit maxillary deficiency due to early surgical intervention. Maxillary protraction with expansion is the recommended treatment modality for deficient maxilla. Facemask is a conventional protraction appliance, and Maxgym is a new protraction appliance.

Three-camera setup to record simultaneously standardized high-definition video for smile analysis.

Introduction: Our objective was to develop a photographic setup that would simultaneously capture subjects' smiles from 3 views, both statically and dynamically, and develop a software to crop the produced video clip and slice the frames to study the smile at different stages.

Methods: Facial images were made of 96 subjects, aged 18 to 28 years, in natural head position using a standardized setup of 3 digital single lens reflex cameras, with a reference sticker (10 × 10 mm) on the forehead of each subject. To test the reproducibility of the setup, 1 operator took 3 images of all subjects on the same day and on 3 different days in a subset of 26 subjects.

Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Therapy Using Figueroa's NAM Technique in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the results of nasoalveolar molding (NAM) in the treatment of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate using a modified technique in a South Indian population.

Study Design: The design was a prospective study with blinded measurements. The sample constituted 10 complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients who underwent NAM therapy by the same operator.

Estimation of soft- and hard-tissue thickness at implant sites.

Introduction: Anchorage control is a critical consideration when planning treatment for patients with dental and skeletal malocclusions. To obtain sufficient stability of implants, the thickness of the soft tissue and the cortical-bone in the placement site must be considered; so as to provide an anatomical map in order to assist the clinician in the placement of the implants.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the thickness of soft- and hard-tissue.

An adjunctive minor surgical procedure for increased rate of retraction.

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment is based on the principle that if prolonged pressure is applied to the tooth, tooth movement will occur as the bone around the tooth re-models. In this study osteotomy of buccal alveolar plate and undermining of interseptal bone was performed at premolar extraction site and rate of en-masse retraction and canine retraction was evaluated.

Materials And Methods: Patients between the age of 18 and 25 years, requiring retraction of anterior teeth are selected for the study.

Clinical application of micro-implant anchorage in initial orthodontic retraction.

Micro-implant is a device that is temporarily fixed to bone for the purpose of enhancing orthodontic anchorage either by supporting the teeth of the reactive unit or by obviating the need for the reactive unit altogether, and which is subsequently removed after use. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficiency of micro-implants in reinforcing anchorage during the initial retraction of anterior teeth, check the rate of initial retraction for 8 weeks, and assess the stability of micro-implants during this period. Eighteen micro-implants were placed (10 in the maxilla and 8 in the mandible) and immediately loaded with 200-250 g of force using 9-mm closed coil Nitinol springs.

A comparision of Twin-block and Forsus (FRD) functional appliance--a cephalometric study.

Unlabelled: The aim was to compare the effects of Twin-block & Forsus (FRD) functional appliances in the correction of Angles Class II division 1 malocclusions.

Materials And Methods: Pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms of 25 patients who underwent treatment with twin block for the correction of class II div 1 were compared with 25 patients who underwent treatment with Forsus appliance. These were again compared with the pre follow up and post follow up lateral cephalograms of 25 patients who have not undergone any treatment during this period.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among dental surgeons: A pilot study.

Aim: To describe the work-related musculoskeletal disorders among on-job dental surgeons.

Objectives: To identify the musculoskeletal disorders in terms of perception of pain and stiffness experienced by the dental surgeons due to the rigors of dental work, to determine the prevailing working environment with particular reference to dental work station in relation to musculoskeletal disorders, and to find the association between pain and stiffness experienced by the dental surgeons and the selected socio-demographic variables.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on 30 graduated dental surgeons having a work experience of 1 year or more, post graduates and faculty members of various specialties at Yenepoya Dental College Hospital, Mangalore.

Evaluation of the power arm in bringing about bodily movement using finite element analysis.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of the power arm in bringing about bodily movement and to determine the ideal length and location of the power arm.

Methods: A geometric model of the maxillary right canine was constructed and subsequently converted to a finite element model. Material property data were represented, boundary conditions were defined, and force was applied.

Treatment of mandibular anterior crowding with incisor extraction using lingual orthodontics: a case report.

A 20-year-old woman presented with a labially displaced mandibular right central incisor with severe attrition. Her maxillary dentition was well-aligned, and she had a straight profile. The respective central incisor was extracted.

A new sagittal dysplasia indicator: the YEN angle.

Aim: To develop a new cephalometric measurement to evaluate the sagittal relationship between the maxilla and mandible.

Material And Methods: Seventy-five pretreatment lateral cephalograms (25 each of Class I, II, and III) were subdivided based on ANB, Wits appraisal, and Beta angle into skeletal Class I, II, and III. The same cephalograms were again classified into skeletal Class I, II, and III based purely on Beta angle.

Angiokeratoma of tongue: a series of 14 cases.

Angiokeratomas (AC) are vascular lesions which are defined histologically as one or more dilated blood vessels lying directly subepidermal and showing an epidermal proliferative reaction with ectatic capillaries in the papillary dermis. Only three other cases of isolated mucosal angiokeratoma have been reported in the indexed literature. We reviewed all cases of angiokeratoma located on the tongue, diagnosed in our department during a study period of 10 years (1995-2005).