Trends and Inequities in Adequacy of Micronutrient Intakes in Rural Bangladesh.

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies pose a significant public health challenge, yet limited evidence exists on micronutrient intakes over time in Bangladesh.

Objectives: We assessed trends and adequacies in micronutrient intakes and examined the changes in inequities by age group, sex, and expenditure quintile.

Methods: We used panel data from the 2011 and 2018 Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (n = 21,475 and 21,589 household members aged 2 y or older, respectively).

Decoding the intricacies: a comprehensive analysis of microRNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.

The pandemic of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), provoked by the appearance of a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), required a worldwide healthcare emergency. This has elicited an immediate need for accelerated research into its mechanisms of disease, criteria for diagnosis, methods for forecasting outcomes, and treatment approaches. microRNAs (miRNAs), are diminutive RNA molecules, that are non-coding and participate in gene expression regulation post-transcriptionally, having an important participation in regulating immune processes.

Increasing Production Diversity and Diet Quality: Evidence from Bangladesh.

In the context of rural Bangladesh, we assess whether agriculture training alone, nutrition Behavior Communication Change (BCC) alone, combined agriculture training and nutrition BCC, or agriculture training and nutrition BCC combined with gender sensitization improve: (a) production diversity, either on household fields or through crop, livestock or aquaculture activities carried out near the family homestead and (b) diet diversity and the quality of household diets. All treatment arms were implemented by government employees. Implementation quality was high.

Down-regulation of abaI, abaR, Bap and OmpA genes in Acinetobacter baumannii by ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra after toxicity assessment.

Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogen that has caused rising concerns within healthcare facilities in recent years. As antibiotic overuse and resistance rise, natural remedies with the potential have received attention as antibiotics that might have fewer side effects and lower resistance. Glycyrrhiza glabra was used to investigate its effects on A.

Corrigendum to "Diets of Men and Women in Rural Bangladesh are Equitable but Suboptimal" [Current Developments in Nutrition (2023), Volume 7, Issue 7].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.

Comparing delivery channels to promote nutrition-sensitive agriculture: A cluster-randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh.

We use a randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh to compare two models of delivering nutrition content jointly to husbands and wives: deploying female nutrition workers versus mostly male agriculture extension workers. Both approaches increased nutrition knowledge of men and women, household and individual diet quality, and women's empowerment. Intervention effects on agriculture and nutrition knowledge, agricultural production diversity, dietary diversity, women's empowerment, and gender parity do not significantly differ between models where nutrition workers versus agriculture extension workers provide the training.

Diets of Men and Women in Rural Bangladesh Are Equitable but Suboptimal.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that diet inequities between men and women may have diminished within rural Bangladeshi households. However, this has not been directly tested with appropriate physiologic adjustments and it is unclear whether changes have occurred across socioeconomic strata. Understanding intrahousehold dietary patterns at different points on the income and food-security distribution in rural Bangladesh-particularly, within ultrapoor and farm households-is important for appropriate design of gender-sensitive and nutrition-sensitive interventions, which often target these groups.

Outcomes of colon self-expandable metal stents for malignant benign indications at a tertiary care center and review of literature.

Background: Endoscopic placement of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) is a minimally invasive treatment for use in malignant and benign colonic obstruction. However, their widespread use is still limited with a nationwide analysis showing only 5.4% of patients with colon obstruction undergoing stent placement.

Trends and Inequities in Food, Energy, Protein, Fat, and Carbohydrate Intakes in Rural Bangladesh.

Background: Tracking dietary changes can inform strategies to improve nutrition, yet there is limited evidence on food consumption patterns and how disparities in food and nutrient intakes have changed in Bangladesh.

Objectives: We assessed trends and adequacies in energy and macronutrient intakes and evaluated changes in inequities by age group, sex, and expenditure quintile.

Methods: We used panel data from the 2011 and 2018 Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (n = 20,339 and 19,818 household members aged ≥2 y, respectively).

extracts inhibit quorum sensing-related virulence and biofilm production in drug-resistant recovered from burn wounds.

Objectives: Numerous studies have confirmed sumac's ability to inhibit pathogens and even eradicate chronic drug-resistant infections. Current research was conducted to demonstrate the action of various sumac extracts at sub-inhibitory concentrations in modulating pathogen-related characteristics instead of killing them.

Materials And Methods: The influence of sumac extracts on the quorum sensing dependent virulence of multidrug-resistant isolates of recovered from burn wounds was considered by detecting the effect on biofilm development, various virulence factors, and expression of bacterial exotoxin A and quorum sensing related genes.

Designing for empowerment impact in agricultural development projects: Experimental evidence from the Agriculture, Nutrition, and Gender Linkages (ANGeL) project in Bangladesh.

The importance of women's roles for nutrition-sensitive agricultural projects is increasingly recognized, yet little is known about whether such projects improve women's empowerment and gender equality. We study the Agriculture, Nutrition, and Gender Linkages (ANGeL) pilot project, which was implemented as a cluster-randomized controlled trial by the Government of Bangladesh. The project's treatment arms included agricultural training, nutrition behavior change communication (BCC), and gender sensitization trainings delivered to husbands and wives together - with these components combined additively, such that the impact of gender sensitization could be distinguished from that of agriculture and nutrition trainings.

Adolescent birth and child undernutrition: an analysis of demographic and health surveys in Bangladesh, 1996-2017.

Adolescent birth is a major global concern owing to its adverse effects on maternal and child health. We assessed trends in adolescent birth and examined its associations with child undernutrition in Bangladesh using data from seven rounds of Demographic and Health Surveys (1996-2017, n = 12,006 primiparous women with living children <5 years old). Adolescent birth (10-19 years old) declined slowly, from 84% in 1996 to 71% in 2017.

Prospective Comparison of Moderate Conscious Sedation and Anesthesia Assistance for the Performance of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Objectives: Recent trends have favored the use of anesthesia personnel more frequently for advanced endoscopic procedures. We hypothesize a selective sedation approach based on patient and procedural factors using either moderate conscious sedation (MCS) or general anesthesia (GA) will result in similar outcomes and safety with significant cost savings.

Methods: A 12-month prospective study of all adult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCPs) performed at a tertiary medical center was enrolled.

Randomized controlled trials of multi-sectoral programs: Lessons from development research.

Development is a multi-faceted process; achieving development goals thus requires a multi-sectoral approach. For over two decades, our research group of economists and nutritionists has designed and implemented randomized trials to assess the effectiveness of multisectoral programs in improving nutrition, food security, and other measures of well-being, largely at the request of developing country governments, development partners, and non-governmental organizations. Our approach addresses three perceived pitfalls of RCTs: the "black box" nature of RCTs, limited external validity, and challenges in translation of results to impacts at scale.

Quercus infectoria gall extracts reduce quorum sensing-controlled virulence factors production and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from burn wounds.

Background: Quercus gall extracts' ability to kill pathogens in vitro and even removal of chronic drug-resistant infections has been reported by several studies. The current investigation is focused on the action of extracts of Quercus infectoria gall in their sub-inhibitory concentrations on the corresponding bacterial behaviours instead of killing them.

Methods: The effect of gall extracts on the quorum sensing (QS) associated virulence of multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from burns wounds was studied.

Low concentrations of local honey modulate Exotoxin A expression, and quorum sensing related virulence in drug-resistant recovered from infected burn wounds.

Objectives: Honey's ability to kill microorganisms and even eradication of chronic infections with drug-resistant pathogens has been documented by numerous studies. The present study is focused on the action of honey in its sub-inhibitory levels to impact on the pathogens coordinated behaviors rather than killing them.

Materials And Methods: The impact of local honey on the quorum sensing related virulence of multidrug resistant burn isolates was investigated by detection its effect on the virulence, biofilm formation and expression of quorum sensing related and exotoxin A genes.

Gallbladder Scalloping, Mammillated Caudate Lobe, and Inferior Vena Cava Scalloping: Three Novel Ultrasound Signs of Cirrhosis.

Purpose: We aimed to present three new ultrasound signs-gallbladder scalloping, mammillated caudate lobe, and inferior vena cava scalloping-and determine their accuracy in diagnosing liver cirrhosis.

Materials And Methods: A total of 201 consecutive patients with a history of chronic liver disease who had undergone ultrasound imaging and liver biopsy were identified. A senior ultrasound radiologist blindly reviewed the ultrasound examinations.

Randomized control trials demonstrate that nutrition-sensitive social protection interventions increase the use of multiple-micronutrient powders and iron supplements in rural pre-school Bangladeshi children.

Objective: To examine the impact of a nutrition-sensitive social protection intervention on mothers' knowledge of Fe deficiency, awareness of multiple-micronutrient powders (MMP) and the consumption of MMP and other Fe supplements by their children aged 6-59 months.

Design: Two randomized controlled trials with treatment arms including cash transfers, food transfers, cash and food transfers, cash and nutrition behaviour change communication (BCC), and food and nutrition BCC were implemented over two years. Both included a control group that received no transfer or BCC.

Understanding the determinants of adolescent nutrition in Bangladesh.

Evidence on the nutritional status and diets of adolescents in low- and middle-income countries is scant. We characterized the nutritional status (body mass index Z-scores (BMIZs)) and nutrient intakes of adolescent boys and girls in rural areas in Bangladesh using the 2011-2012 BIHS data, used regression models to identify the socioeconomic determinants of these outcomes, and household fixed effects models to assess whether the gap between boys and girls changed with women's education and empowerment and household wealth. The adolescents' BMIZ and adequacy of their nutrient intakes were suboptimal.

A tertiary care hospital's 10 years' experience with rectal ultrasound in early rectal cancer.

Background And Objectives: Rectal endoscopic ultrasound (RUS) has become an essential tool in the management of rectal adenocarcinoma because of the ability to accurately stage lesions. The aim of this study was to identify the staging agreement of early RUS-staged rectal adenocarcinoma with surgical resected pathology and ultimately determine how this impacts the management of early rectal cancer (T1-T2).

Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed from November 2002 to November 2013 to identify procedure indication, RUS staging data, surgical management, and postoperative surgical pathology data.

Nutrition behaviour change communication causes sustained effects on IYCN knowledge in two cluster-randomised trials in Bangladesh.

Behaviour change communication (BCC) can improve infant and young child nutrition (IYCN) knowledge, practices, and health outcomes. However, few studies have examined whether the improved knowledge persists after BCC activities end. This paper assesses the effect of nutrition sensitive social protection interventions on IYCN knowledge in rural Bangladesh, both during and after intervention activities.

Cyclic Testing of 3 Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction Techniques.

Background: Several techniques are available to secure the graft to the patella during medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction. The biomechanical properties of these techniques remain unknown.

Purpose: To compare the biomechanical properties of 3 MPFL patellar fixation techniques: bone tunnels (BT), PushLock anchors (PL), and tenodesis screws (TS).

Behavior change communication activities improve infant and young child nutrition knowledge and practice of neighboring non-participants in a cluster-randomized trial in rural Bangladesh.

Objective: To examine the impact on infant and young child nutrition knowledge and practice of mothers who were neighbors of mothers participating in a nutrition Behavior Change Communication (BCC) intervention in rural Bangladesh.

Methods: We analyzed data from 300 mothers whose neighbor participated in a nutrition BCC intervention and 600 mothers whose neighbor participated in an intervention that did not include BCC. We constructed measures capturing mothers' knowledge of infant and young child nutrition (IYCN) and measures of food consumption by children 6-24m.

Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Pharmacologic Agents in Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Background: Currently, there is no standardized treatment regimen for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Aim: We performed a metaanalysis of high quality randomized controlled trials that evaluated treatment response to metformin, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), and vitamin E in adult patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Outcome measures were improvement in liver histology, biochemical, and anthropometric measures.