Effect of Nicotine Replacement Therapy on Perioperative Pain Management and Opioid Requirement in Abstinent Tobacco Smokers Undergoing Spinal Fusion: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Smoking negatively impacts postoperative outcomes but acute abstinence from smoking during hospitalization can increase postoperative pain, lower pain thresholds, disrupt pain management, and trigger hyperalgesia due to abrupt nicotine withdrawal in tobacco users. Nicotine replacement therapy has been recommended to minimize these complications. We hypothesized that a high dose (21 mg/24 h) transdermal nicotine (TDN) patch would reduce postoperative pain and opioid requirements.

Medial versus lateral approach in ultrasound-guided costoclavicular brachial plexus block for upper limb surgery: a randomized control trial.

Introduction: Costoclavicular brachial plexus block has become a procedure of choice for surgical anaesthesia or analgesia in upper limb surgery. The technique is not standardised yet, and two approaches are currently employed: the medial and lateral approach. Our study aims to compare the two approaches in terms of performance time and patient-specific clinical outcomes.

Effect of preprocedure anxiety and oestrogen levels on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in patients undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy for infertility: A prospective observational pilot study.

Background: Females undergoing laparoscopic gynaecological surgeries have a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Apart from the established risk factors, hormonal, psychological, genetic and ethnic factors may also contribute to postoperative nausea and vomiting. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between preoperative anxiety and serum oestrogen level with postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy - hysteroscopy for infertility.

A Simple Adaptation for the Convenient Application of Incentive Spirometry in Tracheostomized Critically Ill Patients.

Arasu M, Singh AK, LaguduvaH A. A Simple Adaptation for the Convenient Application of Incentive Spirometry in Tracheostomized Critically Ill Patients. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(5):520-521.

Comparative evaluation of intraoperative dexmedetomidine versus lidocaine for reducing postoperative cognitive decline in the elderly: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Neuroinflammation, neuronal cytotoxicity, and apoptosis due to exposure to anaesthetic agents are often implicated in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Lidocaine and dexmedetomidine have been shown to suppress the neuron-specific markers of inflammation, and we aimed to compare their neuroprotective efficacy in elderly patients.

Material And Methods: This prospective randomized control study compared the incidence of POCD in ASA I/II patients aged 60 to 80 years without any history of substance abuse or any disorder affecting cognition.

Comparative evaluation of isoflurane and desflurane for postoperative cognitive decline in elderly patients: A prospective observational pilot study.

Background: Approximately 16%-62% of patients undergoing non cardiac surgeries develop postoperative cognitive dysfunction. We compared the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older adults aged 60-80 years who underwent open abdominal surgeries under general anaesthesia using isoflurane or desflurane and correlated it with the serum concentration of interleukin 1, interleukin 6, tumour necrosis factor alpha, amyloid β and S100 on postoperative day 3.

Method: Forty American Association of Anesthesiologists Physical Classification I or II patients were included after acquiring institutional ethics committee approval, registering in the Clinical Trials Registry - India, and informed written consent.

Heteroleptic copper(I) complexes with coumarin-substituted aminodiphosphine and diimine ligands: synthesis and photophysical studies.

The synthesis of heteroleptic Cu(I) complexes with coumarin-functionalized aminodiphosphine and diimine ligands is described. The complexes show yellow to deep-red phosphorescence in the solid state at ambient temperature with quantum yields up to 21%. The emission color of the complexes can be tuned by systematic modifications in the ligand system.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy guided mapping of frontal cortex, a novel modality for assessing emergence delirium in children: A prospective observational study.

Introduction: Despite an 18%-30% prevalence, there is no consensus regarding pathogenesis of emergence delirium after anesthesia in children. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an optical neuroimaging modality that relies on blood oxygen level-dependent response, translating to a mean increase in oxyhemoglobin and a decrease in deoxyhemoglobin. We aimed to correlate the emergence delirium in the postoperative period with the changes in the frontal cortex utilizing fNIRS reading primarily and also with blood glucose, serum electrolytes, and preoperative anxiety scores.

Phase-Dependent Long Persistent Phosphorescence in Coumarin-Phosphine-Based Coinage Metal Complexes.

A coumarin functionalized aminodiphosphine has been introduced as a bidentate ligand in coinage metal chemistry. Mono-, di-, and trimetallic copper and silver complexes were synthesized with this ligand. The hybrid character of the ligand led to compounds with rich luminescence properties.

Impact of intravenous dexamethasone on the initiation and recovery of atracurium in children: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Chronic steroid intake has been associated with attenuation of neuromuscular block. Despite some promising animal and adult studies, the effect of a single dose of intravenous dexamethasone on neuromuscular blockers is not well established. Thus, the present study aimed to demonstrate the effect of dexamethasone given at the time of induction for the prevention of PONV on the action of neuromuscular blockers in children undergoing elective surgery.

Effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy in acute management of delirious mania in COVID-19 positive woman in second trimester pregnancy.

Delirious mania has been described as a state of acute excitement, fluctuating sensorium, affective and catatonic symptoms. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) despite being an effective treatment modality in such cases, has been under-utilised during pregnancy, mainly due to safety concerns. Here, we report the effectiveness of ECT in acute management of delirious mania in a 24 weeks pregnant woman who also tested COVID-19 positive during hospitalisation.

COVID-19 infection in patients with haematological disease - A tertiary centre experience from north India.

This retrospective study was aimed to understand the clinical, laboratory, radiological parameters and the outcome of COVID-19 patients with underlying haematological disease. All patients with known haematological disease admitted with COVID-19-positive status from April to August 2020 in the COVID-19 facility of a tertiary care centre in north India, were included. Their medical records were analyzed for outcome and mortality risk factors.

Is it a challenging task to work with personal protective equipment in a COVID-19 ICU: Findings from a hospital-based cross-sectional study from north India.

Introduction: Amidst the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is mandatory for healthcare workers to remain protected against infection. The present study was undertaken to evaluate challenges faced by the healthcare workers while using level 3 PPE.

Methods: This hospital-based study was conducted among resident doctors selected by convenience sampling method using a pretested, semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire after getting informed consent from the participants to collect data on the somatic, psychological, and technical problems faced while working in PPE.

Outcomes of HFNC Use in COVID-19 Patients in Non-ICU Settings: A Single-center Experience.

Aggarwal A, Arora U, Mittal A, Aggarwal A, Singh K, Ray A, Outcomes of HFNC Use in COVID-19 Patients inNon-ICU Settings: A Single-center Experience. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(4):528-530.

Parturient with Endocrine Disorders in the Intensive Care Unit.

Unlabelled: Almost every endocrine axis is influenced by pregnancy. The diagnosis in acute cases is challenging as the classical symptoms are often masked. Thyroid storm is found in only 1-2% of hyperthyroid parturients (0.

Assessment of role of inferior vena cava collapsibility index and variations in carotid artery peak systolic velocity in prediction of post-spinal anaesthesia hypotension in spontaneously breathing patients: An observational study.

Background And Aims: Post-spinal anaesthesia hypotension (PSH) is common and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI) and carotid artery peak systolic velocity variations (CAPVV) are two widely used parameters for assessing the volume status of critically ill patients which have also been investigated as predictors of PSH and hypotension after induction of general anaesthesia. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of IVCCI and CAPVV as predictors of PSH.

Triple-decker complexes incorporating three distinct deck architectures.

The reactivity of the dilithioplumbole ([Li(thf)(μ,η-L)], L = 1,4-bis--butyl-dimethylsilyl-2,3-bis-phenyl-plumbolyl) towards the reactive pnictogen precursors P, pentaphosphaferrocene, and pentaarsaferrocene ([Cp*Fe(η-E)] (Cp* = η-CMe, E = P, As)) is reported. The reaction with P afforded a phospholyl lithium complex, lead-phosphorus exchange, while the reactions with [Cp*Fe(η-E)] yielded the first examples of Pb-Fe-Li heterotrimetallic triple-decker polypnictogenides with three different deck motifs.

Convalescent Plasma-A Light at the End of the Tunnel: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Unlabelled: In the absence of a definitive therapy during this ongoing unprecedented crisis, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, convalescent plasma transfusion (CPT) has shown some promising results. This review summarizes the existing evidence of the efficacy of CPT in COVID-19 patients based upon scientific publications to date. We have included only the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) through an extensive screening of electronic databases up to July 31, 2021.

The Impact of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Count Ratio in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLR) has emerged as a potential prognostic tool for different diseases. In the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, the NLR may be a useful tool for risk scarification and the optimal utilization of limited healthcare resources. However, there is no consensus regarding the optimal value of NLR, and the association with disease severity and mortality.

Ferromagnetic Coupling in Oxidovanadium(IV)-Porphyrin Radical Dimers.

Three different oxidovanadium(IV) porphyrin dimers with , , and arrangements of the two rings have been synthesized by changing the bridge between the porphyrin macrocycles. This provides a unique opportunity to investigate the role of the bridge and spatial arrangement between the two VO centers for their electronic communication and magnetic coupling. They were characterized by the combined application of XRD analysis, UV-vis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, magnetic susceptibility, and DFT calculations.

Role of platelet-to-lymphocyte count ratio (PLR), as a prognostic indicator in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Prognostic predictors are of paramount interest for prompt intervention and optimal utilization of the healthcare system in the ongoing context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The platelet-to-lymphocyte count ratio (PLR), has emerged as a potential tool for risk stratification of critically ill patients with sepsis. The current systematic review explores the utility of PLR as a prognostic predictor of COVID-19 patients.