Application of advanced shearing techniques to the calibration of autocollimators with small angle generators and investigation of error sources.

The application of advanced error-separating shearing techniques to the precise calibration of autocollimators with Small Angle Generators (SAGs) was carried out for the first time. The experimental realization was achieved using the High Precision Small Angle Generator (HPSAG) of TUBITAK UME under classical dimensional metrology laboratory environmental conditions. The standard uncertainty value of 5 mas (24.

The importance of hemosiderin deposition in the infant brain: an autopsy study.

Background/aim: Iron is an essential element involved in many metabolic processes. Presence and accumulation of iron in various body systems can result in different outcomes. Its accumulation in the central nervous system (CNS) cannot be detected routinely by application of hematoxylin-eosin staining.

The evaluation of left ventricular dyssynchronization in patients with hypertension by phase analysis of myocardial perfusion-gated SPECT.

Purpose: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, hypertension may also result in left ventricular dyssynchrony (LVD) which is characterized by delayed activation of certain ventricular segments leading to uncoordinated contraction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the LVD measured by phase analysis of gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging in patients with hypertension.

Bullying among High School Students.

Objective: The main aim of this research is to investigate the prevalence of bullying behaviour, its victims and the types of bullying and places of bullying among 14-17 year-old adolescents in a sample of school children in Bursa, Turkey.

Methodology: A cross-sectional survey questionnaire was conducted among class 1 and class 2 high school students for identification bullying.

Results: Majority (96.

Comparison of fragmented QRS and myocardial perfusion-gated SPECT findings.

Aim: Fragmented QRS (fQRS) complex is an ECG parameter that has recently been introduced and investigated. It is assumed that fQRS occurs because of disruptions in ventricular conduction due to ventricular infarction and ischemia. Therefore, in this article, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the detection of infarction and ischemia on myocardial perfusion-gated single-photon emission computed tomography images and appearance of fQRS on ECG.

The influence of α-adducin gene polymorphism on response of blood pressure to exercise in patients with hypertension.

Objective: Clinical studies have indicated that an excessive response of blood pressure (BP) to exercise predicts risk of cardiovascular mortality. Although the mechanism responsible for the excessive BP response to exercise has not been revealed, there are some plausible mechanisms linking with underlying structural abnormalities in the cardiovascular system. Carriers of the Trp460 allele of the α-adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism have an increased risk of hypertension.

The role of diffusion-weighted MRI in the classification of liver hydatid cysts and differentiation of simple cysts and abscesses from hydatid cysts.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in the classification of liver hydatid cysts (HCs) and their differentiation from simple cysts and liver abscesses.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two patients that were sent to our department with preliminary diagnoses of HCs or abscess were included in the study. Thirty lesions were evaluated.

The risk factors for mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures: postoperative one-year results.

Introduction: Hip fractures in the elderly are associated with significant mortality. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures during a one-year period.

Methods: This was a prospective study which included consecutive isolated nonpathologic hip fractures in 74 (52 female, 22 male) patients in a level-1 trauma centre.

The effect of blood albumin and total lymphocyte count on short-term results in elderly patients with hip fractures.

Background: A study was performed to determine the effects of blood albumin and total lymphocyte count on the postoperative one-year period in 74 elderly hip fracture patients.

Methods: In 2006, 74 patients (52 female, 22 male) with hip fracture who were 65 years of age or older were included in the study. Admission albumin levels and total lymphocyte counts were recorded.

Elevated serum levels of caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 (CK18-Asp396) in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and chronic hepatitis C.

Background: Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 (CK18-Asp396) is released from hepatocytes during apoptosis. Recent studies have indicated that serum levels of CK18-Asp396 could be a clinically useful biomarker of chronic liver disease. To shed more light on the rate of hepatocyte loss by apoptosis in chronic liver disease, serum levels of CK18-Asp396 were examined in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and chronic hepatitis C.

Antipyretic effect of ketoprofen.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and side effect profile of ketoprofen as well as compliance with respect to the taste of the drug and compare these parameters with those of acetaminophen and ibuprofen.

Methods: A total of 301 patients between 1-14 years of age who applied to emergency rooms of three medical centers with the complaint of fever that required antipyretic therapy were included in the study. Fever was measured with the aid of a tympanic thermometer (Braun Kronberg 6014) and followed for 4-6 hours.

The significance of hemosiderin deposition in the lungs and organs of the mononucleated macrophage resorption system in infants and children.

Hemosiderin deposition is not often recognized on routine examination with hematoxylin and eosin staining; however, iron stains may be helpful in the evaluation of hemosiderin deposition in infant autopsies. This report describes the data obtained from autopsy of 86 infants and children whose deaths were investigated at the Forensic Medicine Council Bursa Morgue Department from January 2000 to January 2003. A histochemical technique was used to identify hemosiderin in lung, liver and spleen specimens, which was correlated with other descriptive variables such as the reported cause of death, postmortem interval, trauma history, gender, and age.

Performance of emergency medicine residents in the interpretation of radiographs in patients with trauma.

Background: Radiographs are vital diagnostic tools that complement physical examination in trauma patients. A study was undertaken to assess the performance of residents in emergency medicine in the interpretation of trauma radiographs.

Methods: 348 radiographs of 100 trauma patients admitted between 1 March and 1 May 2007 were evaluated prospectively.

The effects of phytoestrogens on fracture healing: experimental research in New Zealand white rabbits.

Background: Phytoestrogens are plant-derived natural molecules having some bone forming and bone substituting effects. In the present study, the role of phytoestrogens on bone healing was investigated in a rabbit fracture model.

Methods: Twenty-two New Zealand white rabbits with right tibia fracture were divided into two groups randomly.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and CD34 expression in the human optic nerve and brain in methanol toxicity.

Introduction: The toxicity of methanol is as a result of its metabolites, formaldehyde and formic acid. Formic acid induces severe metabolic acidosis causing death, and is the primary agent responsible for ocular toxicity. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostaining is the most commonly used method for examining astrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy after various central nervous system injuries.

Road traffic collisions in Bursa, Turkey, during 2003, 2004 and 2005.

Aim: To highlight the demographic pattern of road traffic injuries in Bursa and to improve emergency care and health facility-based treatment.

Methods: Records of all registered road traffic collisions maintained by the Uludağ University Emergency Department in Bursa for the period 2003 to 2005 and trauma files of 1307 road traffic collision victims were examined in this study. A form was designed to document patients' age, gender, type of trauma, time of trauma (hour, day, month and year), type and time to hospital of transport, presence of safety devices, presence of alcohol and blood alcohol concentration, localisations of wounds, trauma scores and outcomes.

Radiographic changes in the lumbar spine in former professional football players: a comparative and matched controlled study.

Heavy physical work and activity lead to degenerative changes, especially in the lumbar spine. We aimed to find out the occurence of radiographic changes (vertebral osteophytes, heights of lumbar dicsc, concavity index) and abnormalities of the lumbar spine in former professional football (association football or soccer) players according to their specialization (goalkeeper, defender, midfielder, forward) in their past professional sport life. We included 70 male former professional football players and 59 men as the control group.

Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1) is decreased in lung cancer patients showing progression: a pilot study.

Tumor growth and metastasis depend on angiogenesis, and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to be one of the most important angiogenic factors although the knowledge about its receptors is limited. We, therefore, investigated the treatment-related changes both in the level of the soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1) in the serum by ELISA and the expression of VEGFR-1 in cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry. The serum levels were studied in 38 lung cancer patients, and 55 control subjects (21 benign disease and 34 healthy subjects) before the chemotherapy.

Rehabilitation outcome after traumatic brain injury.

Rehabilitation goals after traumatic brain injury are improving function, increasing the level of independence as high as possible, preventing complications and providing an acceptable environment to the patient. Several complications can be encountered during the rehabilitation period which lead to physical, cognitive and neurobehavioral impairments that cause major delay in functional improvement. This prospective study was designed in order to investigate the complications and their relations with functional recovery in patients that were included in the acute phase of a rehabilitation program.

Soluble forms of extracellular cytokeratin 18 may differentiate simple steatosis from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Aim: To investigate whether serum levels of two soluble forms of extracellular cytokeratin 18 (M30-antigen and M65-antigen) may differentiate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from simple steatosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: A total of 83 patients with suspected NAFLD and 49 healthy volunteers were investigated. Patients with suspected NAFLD were classified according to their liver histology into four groups: definitive NASH (n=45), borderline NASH (n=24), simple fatty liver (n=9), and normal tissue (n=5).

The levels of caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 are elevated in serum from patients with lung cancer and helpful to predict the survival.

Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 fragments (M30 antigen) can be detected in the circulation of patients with carcinoma and are believed to reflect cell death of tumors of epithelial origin. M30 antigens cleaved at Asp396 are detected using an epitope-specific antibody (M30 antibody). We here measured the levels of such fragments in patients with lung cancer (n=60), patients with benign lung disease (n=22) and healthy control subjects (n=32).

Evaluation of serum C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-10 levels as diagnostic and prognostic parameters in patients with community-acquired sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock.

The diagnostic value of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-10 levels in differentiating sepsis from severe sepsis and the prognostic value of these levels in predicting outcome were evaluated and compared in patients with community-acquired sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock in the first 72 h of admission to the hospital. Thirty-nine patients were included in the study. The severe sepsis and septic shock cases were combined in a single "severe sepsis" group, and all comparisons were made between the sepsis (n=21 patients) and the severe sepsis (n=18 patients) groups.

Comparison of efficacy and tolerability of reboxetine and venlafaxine XR in major depression and major depression with anxiety features: an open label study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of reboxetine in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and MDD with anxiety features to venlafaxine XR.

Method: Patients with MDD, aging 18 between 65 years, were randomly allocated to two groups receiving either open-label venlafaxine XR capsules (n = 50) or reboxetine tablets (n = 43). Subjects were administered Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) at baseline and 2, 4, 7, 10 weeks after the baseline visit.