A selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ agonist PYPEP suppresses atherosclerosis in association with improvement of the serum lipoprotein profiles in human apolipoprotein B100 and cholesteryl ester transfer protein double transgenic mice.

Objective: Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) δ agonists have been shown to improve the serum lipoprotein profiles in humans, the impact of the changes in these lipoprotein profiles on atherosclerosis remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the selective PPARδ agonist-induced alterations of serum lipoprotein profiles and the development of atherosclerosis in human apolipoprotein B100 and cholesterol ester transfer protein double transgenic (hApoB100/hCETP-dTg) mice with human-like hypercholesterolemic dyslipidemia.

Methods: hApoB100/hCETP-dTg mice fed an atherogenic diet received a novel PPARδ agonist (PYPEP) or vehicle for 18 weeks, followed by evaluation of atherosclerosis.

Schnitzler syndrome complicated by membranous nephropathy.

Schnitzler syndrome is a rare clinical entity characterized by the association of chronic urticarial rash and monoclonal immunoglobulin M gammopathy. A 62-year old male developed nephrotic syndrome with Schnitzler syndrome. A renal biopsy revealed mild thickening of the glomerular basement membrane with spikes and mild expansion of the mesangial matrix; prominent fine granular immunoglobulin G depositions were found along the capillary walls by immunofluorescence study and electron dense deposits were observed in the subepithelial spaces and in a part of mesangium by electron microscopically.