Neonatal uterine bleeding: Risk factors and its association with endometriosis-related symptoms later in life.

Objective: We examined the prevalence and risk factors in association with neonatal uterine bleeding (NUB) by retrospective search of contemporary and historical medical records and investigated the possible association between the history of NUB at birth and endometriosis-related symptoms later in life who are now young women.

Study Design: This was a retrospective case-controlled cohort study and prospective evaluation of web-based questionnaire survey on symptoms related to endometriosis among young women born with and without NUB. Multiple regression analysis was performed incorporating various confounding variables that may influence the occurrence of NUB or the reporting of endometriosis symptoms later in life.

Hepcidin as a key regulator of iron homeostasis triggers inflammatory features in the normal endometrium.

Menstrual blood, containing high iron levels, can undergo retrograde transport into the abdominal cavity. Excess iron causes oxidative stress and inflammation. Iron metabolism is regulated by hepcidin, and serum hepcidin levels are increased in patients with endometriosis; however, the functions of hepcidin in normal endometrium remain unclear.

Postoperative Pregnancy Outcomes Following Laparoscopic Surgical Management in Women with Stage III/IV Endometriosis: A Single-Center Follow-Up Study.

Objectives: The effects of laparoscopic surgical management in women with stage III/IV endometriosis remain controversial. The standard extent of resection for stage III/IV endometriosis with deep endometriosis to treat endometriosis-associated infertility is debatable. This study aimed to assess the postoperative pregnancy outcomes following a routine surgical intervention for stage III/IV endometriosis patients.

Association between tissue stress reaction and ACE2/TMPRSS2 expression in endometria of reproductive aged women before and during Covid-19 pandemic.

Background: A potential concern has been raised regarding fertility and reproductive outcome during the Covid-19 pandemic with growing stress and anxiety. However, information on the association between tissue stress reaction and expression profiles of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry proteins, ACE2 and TMPRSS2, in endometria collected from women before (pre-pandemic) and during the Covid-19 pandemic (in-pandemic) is unknown. We aim to investigate the relationship between the expression of stress-reactive proteins and of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in endometria collected from women during these two different time frames.

A targeted educational programme improves fundamental knowledge of menstrual pain and endometriosis in young women: The Endometriosis Awareness Promotion Project.

Research Question: Would a properly designed educational programme offered to young women improve their awareness and fundamental knowledge of menstrual pain and endometriosis?

Design: A multinational cross-sectional study using a pen-and-paper questionnaire among women aged 19-24 years was conducted between 2017 and 2019 to assess fundamental knowledge of menstrual pain and endometriosis. Improvement in knowledge was also analysed using a separate questionnaire completed before, and 1-3 months after, a group discussion, lecture on menstrual pain and endometriosis, or both.

Results: Among three groups of students (college [n = 271], medical [n = 877] and nursing [n = 763]), knowledge of menstrual pain and endometriosis was lowest among college students, modest among nursing students and fair among medical students (P < 0.

Occurrence of chronic endometritis in different types of human adenomyosis.

Purpose: Human adenomyosis has an adverse effect on female fertility. Exact mechanistic basis is still unclear. We investigated the occurrence of chronic endometritis (CE) in different types of human adenomyosis.

Decreased occurrence of endometriosis in women with Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

Problem: Despite abundant reports on the risk role of uterine outflow tract obstruction in endometriosis, information on the occurrence of endometriosis in women with Chlamydia trachomatis infection causing fallopian tube obstruction is unknown. We investigated the role of Chlamydia trachomatis infection with or without fallopian tubal patency in the occurrence of endometriosis.

Methods: This is a retrospective case-controlled cohort study with 539 women who had laparoscopic surgery for several indications during the period between January, 2003 and June, 2010.

Levofloxacin or gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist treatment decreases intrauterine microbial colonization in human endometriosis.

Objective: We examined the hypothesis that antibiotic treatment with or without gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) may decrease intrauterine infection with consequent decrease in tissue inflammation, cell proliferation and angiogenesis in human endometriosis.

Study Design: This is a prospective non-randomized observational study. Endometrial/endometriotic samples were collected during surgery from 53 women with endometriosis and 47 control women who were treated with levofloxacin (LVFX, 500 mg, once per os) or GnRHa (1.

An axonemal alteration in apical endometria of human adenomyosis.

Study Question: Is there any change in the distribution of microvilli and microtubules in the apical endometria of women with adenomyosis?

Summary Answer: We observed microvilli damage in the apical endometria and an axonemal alteration characterized by abnormal distribution of longitudinal bundles of microtubules within microvilli in women with adenomyosis.

What Is Known Already: Human adenomyosis has a negative impact on female fertility. Abnormal utero-tubal sperm transport, tissue inflammation and toxic effect of chemical mediators have been proposed as contributing factors.

Interleukin-9 produced by helper T cells stimulates interleukin-8 expression in endometriosis.

Problem: Inflammation and immune responses play crucial roles in the development of endometriosis. Although interleukin-9 (IL-9) has a pro-inflammatory function in chronic inflammatory diseases, its function in endometriosis remains unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the significance of IL-9 and IL-9-producing lymphocytes in endometriosis.

Expression profiles of E/P receptors and fibrosis in GnRHa-treated and -untreated women with different uterine leiomyomas.

Differential expressions of estrogen/progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and individual component of extracellular matrices derived from fibroid are reported. Information on the pattern of change in ER/PR expression and amount of tissue fibrosis after hormonal treatment is unclear. We investigated pattern of change in ER/PR expression and percentage of tissue fibrosis in different uterine leiomyomas after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment.

Atherosclerosis-related biomarkers in women with endometriosis: The effects of dienogest and oral contraceptive therapy.

Objective: Chronic inflammation in endometriosis is associated with increased risk of future cardiovascular disease; however, no studies have investigated the cardiovascular risk of women who have undergone hormonal therapy for endometriosis. We investigated atherosclerosis-related biomarkers in women with and without endometriosis and the effects of dienogest (DNG) and oral contraceptive (OC) therapies.

Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, 109 women with endometriosis and 42 control women without endometriosis were enrolled.

Unexpected tumor-to-tumor metastasis of synovial sarcoma within leiomyoma: A case report and literature review.

A tumor metastasis within another tumor is known as tumor-to-tumor metastasis (TTM). We report a 43-year-old woman who presented with hypermenorrhea and an abdominal mass. She had history of a soft tissue tumor on her left ankle at 38 years of age.

Protocol for a modified vaginal pipe for total laparoscopic hysterectomies: Experimental research.

Background: The Vagi-Pipe® is a useful device for performing a total laparoscopic hysterectomy. The conventional model of the Vagi-Pipe® is unable to grasp the uterus during colpotomy for recovery of the resected uterus. However, the modified C-Type Vagi-Pipe® model has a shape that allows insertion into the vagina without removing the uterus manipulator.

Biological differences between intrinsic and extrinsic adenomyosis with coexisting deep infiltrating endometriosis.

Research Question: Is there a biological difference between intrinsic and extrinsic adenomyosis with coexisting deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE)?

Design: In this prospective controlled study, biopsy specimens were collected after surgery from 23 women with intrinsic adenomyosis and 10 women with extrinsic adenomyosis with coexisting DIE lesions. Histological evaluation was carried out by immunoreaction to Ber-EP4 (epithelial cell marker) and CD10 (stromal cell marker). Tissue expression of oestrogen and progesterone receptors was analysed by immunohistochemistry.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α-mediated pathway as a possible therapeutic target in endometriosis.

Study Question: Is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α)-mediated pathway involved in the development of endometriosis?

Summary Answer: PGC-1α plays critical roles in inflammation and cell proliferation of endometriotic tissues and may be involved in the development of endometriosis.

What Is Known Already: Expression levels of PGC-1α are higher in ovarian endometrioma (OE) than normal endometrium (NE). PGC-1α also stimulates aromatase activity and promotes local estrogen biosynthesis in OE.

Differential Levels of Regulatory T Cells and T-Helper-17 Cells in Women With Early and Advanced Endometriosis.

Context: Regulatory T (Treg) cells and T-helper-17 (Th17) cells may be involved in endometriosis. Information on the pattern of change in the percentages of Treg and Th17 cells in the peripheral blood (PB) and peritoneal fluid (PF) of women with early and advanced endometriosis is unclear.

Objective: To investigate the pattern of change in the percentages of Treg and Th17 cells in the PB and PF of women with early and advanced endometriosis.

Association between FOXP3 regulatory T-cells and occurrence of peritoneal lesions in women with ovarian endometrioma and dermoid cysts.

Research Question: Is there any relationship between numbers of FOXP3 regulatory T-cells (Treg) and occurrence of peritoneal lesions in women with ovarian endometrioma and dermoid cysts?

Design: Retrospective and prospective case-controlled cohort study. Peritoneal lesions were collected from 27 women with ovarian endometrioma and 25 women with dermoid cysts. Peritoneal fluid was collected from 36 women with ovarian endometrioma and 42 women with dermoid cysts.