Predictors of Taste Dysfunction and Its Severity Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often complain of taste dysfunction. The prevalent taste dysfunction among patients with CKD predisposes them to malnutrition, poor quality of life, and worsen disease prognoses. To appropriately treat the taste dysfunction in this group of patients, it's imperative that factors that predict taste dysfunction and its severity are identified for prompt treatment.

Design and methods of the prevalence and pharmacogenomics of tenofovir nephrotoxicity in HIV-positive adults in south-western Nigeria study.

Background: Individuals of African descent are at higher risk of developing kidney disease than their European counterparts, and HIV infection is associated with increased risk of nephropathy. Despite a safe renal profile in the clinical trials, long-term use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has been associated with proximal renal tubulopathy although the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. We aim to establish the prevalence of and risk factors for TDF-induced kidney tubular dysfunction (KTD) among HIV-I and II individuals treated with TDF in south-west Nigeria.

Childhood hearing loss; a need for primary health care.

Introduction: Essential health care for children is the care of the ear.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 155 children with hearing loss.

Results: A total of 155 pupils with hearing impairment and their parents were interviewed; 77(49.

Spectrum of DNA variants for non-syndromic deafness in a large cohort from multiple continents.

Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in humans with causative variants in over 140 genes. With few exceptions, however, the population-specific distribution for many of the identified variants/genes is unclear. Until recently, the extensive genetic and clinical heterogeneity of deafness precluded comprehensive genetic analysis.

Evaluation of serum antioxidants in age-related hearing loss.

Background: Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) has been linked to the shift in the pro-oxidant/antioxidant ratio. Our objectives were to assess serum levels of retinol and zinc among the elderly individuals and to correlate the levels with hearing threshold.

Methods: Prospective study of apparently healthy individuals aged ≥60 years of age.

Common genes for non-syndromic deafness are uncommon in sub-Saharan Africa: a report from Nigeria.

Introduction: Little is known about the molecular epidemiology of deafness in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Even in Nigeria, the most populous African nation, no genetic studies of deafness have been conducted. This pioneering work aims at investigating the frequencies of gene mutations relatively common in other parts of the world (i.

Neonatal hearing screening in a rural/sub-urban community in Nigeria, sub-Saharan Africa-a preliminary report.

Introduction: The implementation of Neonatal Hearing Screening (NHS) program is still at the preliminary stage particularly in developing countries despite the burden of permanent congenital and early-onset hearing impairment. There has been an earlier report of NHS in a city in Nigeria, however, this is a report of a preliminary NHS carried in a rural/sub-urban area in Nigeria.

Method: This prospective study, which took place between October 2009 and April 2010, involved all newborns delivered at the University College Hospital, Ibadan and the Bilal Missionary Maternity, Agodi, Ibadan, a small maternity service located in Agodi community serving predominantly low socioeconomic class people.

Prevalence and correlates of dizziness in the Ibadan Study of Ageing.

Dizziness is common among older people, but little is known about its prevalence and risk factors in the sub-Saharan population. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of dizziness and its sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical correlates in 1,299 subjects--551 men (42.4%) and 748 women (57.

Correlation between plasma levels of radical scavengers and hearing threshold among elderly subjects with age-related hearing loss.

Conclusion: Low plasma melatonin is significant in the development of high frequency hearing loss (HL) among the elderly.

Objective: To determine the correlation between hearing threshold and the plasma melatonin and ascorbic acid (vitamin C).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 126 apparently healthy elderly subjects, 59 males and 67 females, aged >60 years.

Prevalence of insomnia and impact on quality of life among community elderly subjects with tinnitus.

Objectives: We sought to determine the prevalence of insomnia and its impact on the quality of life (QoL) among community elderly subjects (at least 65 years of age) with subjective tinnitus.

Methods: After household selection with multistage stratified area probability sampling, face-to-face interviews were used to obtain self-reports of subjective tinnitus and insomnia, and QoL was assessed with the WHOQoL-Bref instrument.

Results: Among 1302 elderly subjects, there were 183 subjects (109 female and 74 male) with tinnitus.

Correlation between serum immunoglobulin G and hearing threshold among elderly subjects with age-related hearing loss.

Background And Purpose: This study was based on the hypothesis that suboptimal immune response and low serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) may predispose to age-related hearing loss (ARHL), and the objective was to determine the serum levels of IgG and hearing thresholds of apparently healthy elderly subjects and assess their correlation.

Method: This prospective study involved 126 participants ≥ 60 years old who were found to be free of any medical conditions. Pure-tone averages for both the speech (500-2,000 Hz) and high frequencies (3,000-8,000 Hz) and serum IgG levels were determined.

Age-related hearing loss, vitamin B12, and folate in the elderly.

Objective: Determine the correlation between the hearing threshold and the serum levels of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) and folic acid among elderly subjects (> 60 years) with age-related hearing loss (ARHL).

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Community.

Tinnitus in the elderly: Profile, correlates, and impact in the Nigerian Study of Ageing.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and correlates of tinnitus among community elderly and its impact on their quality of life.

Study Design: Longitudinal cohort.

Setting: Yoruba-speaking communities in Nigeria.

The prevalence and correlates of self-reported hearing impairment in the Ibadan study of ageing.

This cohort study of 1302 persons aged >or=65 years, conducted in the Yoruba-speaking regions of Nigeria, determines the prevalence and correlates of hearing impairment (HI) in the elderly population. Self-reports of HI and its putative risk factors among several indices were obtained using face-to-face interviews, and confirmed by observer's evaluation. Hearing impairment was found in 79 respondents, giving a prevalence of 6.

Comparative analysis of middle ear immune response and micronutrient level between mucoid and purulent otitis media.

Objective: To determine the differences in the outcome of treatment, the middle ear immune response, and micronutrient status between patients with purulent (POM) and mucoid (MOM) otitis media.

Design: Children with acute otitis media were recruited, treated, and followed up for between 6 and 10 months. The sera and middle ear secretion (MES) were analyzed for immunoglobulins and zinc using enzyme-linked immunoassay and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, respectively.

The role of maternal social factors and antenatal events in determination of the serum retinol in normal full term infant.

Background: The nutritional status of mothers affects their babies. However, the factors responsible for the control of fetal retinol levels are unknown. This study evaluates the role of maternal social factors in the determination of fetal serum retinol.

Serum and middle ear immunoglobulins in suppurative otitis media.

Background And Purpose: Despite the increasing occurrence of suppurative otitis media (SOM), the content of immunoglobulin fractions in the middle ear secretion (MES) has still not been determined.

Method: The serum and MESwere analyzed for IgG and M using enzyme-linked immunoassay.

Result: The subjects and controls were 30 males and 22 females, between 6 months and 9 years old, with a mean age of 6 years (SD = 3.

The inner ear in patients with nasal allergy.

Background: The endolymphatic sac has been proposed as a target organ responsible for inner-ear symptom in allergic subjects. This is a report of inner-ear symptoms in patients with nasal allergy.

Method: Retrospective review of record charts of patients with known nasal allergy presenting to the otorhinolaryngology out-patient department of the University College Hospital, Ibadan in 5 years.

The role of retinol in the etiology and outcome of suppurative otitis media.

Vitamin A deficiency is still a serious public health problem affecting an estimated 127 million preschool children. The resulting immunological dysfunctions lead to increased risks of respiratory tract infections, diarrhoeal diseases and blindness, among others. The aim of this study is to determine the significance of the role of serum retinol in the etiology of acute suppurative otitis media (ASOM) and its chronicity (CSOM).

Role of elevated immunoglobulin E levels in suppurative otitis media.

Background And Objectives: An association between suppurative otitis media (SOM) and allergy has been reported in about 80% of patients with allergy. However, there is controversy regarding their relationship and the concept of middle-ear allergic response. We test the hypothesis that increased secretion of IgE in the middle ear is higher in chronic than in acute SOM.

Sinonasal malignancies: a 10-year review in a tertiary health institution.

Sinonasal malignancy is a cause of otorhinolaryngologic morbidity and mortality in West Africa. However, there is a dearth of information in the literature on its clinicopathologic presentation in West Africa. It is our aim to determine the prevalence of sinonasal malignancy and highlight the clinicopathologic features in our environment.

Socio-economic status and hearing loss in chronic suppurative otitis media in Nigeria.

Background: Hearing loss is reported in about 50% of cases of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM).

Aim: To report the prevalence, type and severity of hearing loss in CSOM and identify risk factors.

Methods: A prospective study of hearing loss in CSOM was undertaken in University College Hospital, Ibadan, two general hospitals and two primary health care centres, all in densely populated, semi-urban areas in south-west Nigeria.

Early onset otitis media: risk factors and effects on the outcome of chronic suppurative otitis media.

The onset of early otitis media (EOM), in the first few months of life has been reported to predict later chronic otitis media (CSOM), although the prevalence rates are increasing little is known about specific risk factors. In this survey we examined the hypothesis that higher risk factors is associated with the development of OM within 1 year compared to later onset and early onset otitis media (OM) has potential for negative outcome of CSOM. This is a survey of the age at onset of otorrhoea and associated risk factors in children with CSOM, in five sites spread in two sub-urban cities in two states in Nigeria.

Clinical and demographic risk factors associated with chronic suppurative otitis media.

Background: The incidence of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is high worldwide but increasing occurrence of complications appear peculiar to West Africa. However, knowledge of associated risk factors is sparse, we report the sociodemographic risk factors of CSOM with the aim of control of the disease and complications; and possible preventive strategies.

Method: This is a survey of children with CSOM in five sites spread in two suburban cities in two states in Nigeria.

Hearing threshold in patients with chronic renal failure.

Objective: To determine the pattern of hearing loss among patients with chronic renal failure (CRF).

Methods: This is a case control study carried out jointly by the Otorhinolaryngology and Nephrology Departments of the University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria between December 2004 and March 2006. Consecutive CRF patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited, the patients had not had hemodialysis prior to inception of the study.