Well-being in healthy Icelandic women varies with extreme seasonality in ambient light.

Seasonal variation in photoperiod may affect psychosocial and physical well-being in healthy persons. We tested this hypothesis in healthy pre-menopausal women, without a history of mood disorders, living year-round in Reykjavik, Iceland (64.1°N).

The Kaiser Permanente shoulder arthroplasty registry: results from 6,336 primary shoulder arthroplasties.

Background And Purpose: Shoulder arthroplasty is being performed in the United States with increasing frequency. We describe the medium-term findings from a large integrated healthcare system shoulder arthroplasty registry.

Patients And Methods: Shoulder arthroplasty cases registered between January 2005 and June 2013 were included for analysis.

Injury pathology at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction associations with self-assessment of knee function.

Objective: To evaluate the association of preoperative Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and structural injuries reported at the time of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Three medical centers in California.

Sex and risk of hip implant failure: assessing total hip arthroplasty outcomes in the United States.

Importance: The role of sex in relationship to implant failure after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is important for patient management and device innovation.

Objective: To evaluate the association of sex with short-term risk of THA revision after adjusting for patient, implant, surgery, surgeon, and hospital confounders.

Design And Setting: A prospective cohort of patients enrolled in a total joint replacement registry from April 1, 2001, through December 31, 2010.

Risk of revision for fixed versus mobile-bearing primary total knee replacements.

Background: Mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty prostheses were developed to reduce wear and revision rates; however, these benefits remain unproven. The purposes of this study were to compare the short-term survivorship and to determine risk factors for revision of mobile-bearing and fixed-bearing total knee replacements.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of primary total knee arthroplasties performed from 2001 to 2009 was conducted with use of a community total joint replacement registry.

Gastrointestinal lymphomas: Morphology, immunophenotype and molecular features.

Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma comprises 10-15% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas and encompasses 30-40% of the total extranodal lymphomas. Approximately 60-75% of cases occur in the stomach, and then the small bowel, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum. Lymphoid neoplasms may consist of mature B, T and less commonly extranodal NK/T cells.

Evaluation of total hip arthroplasty devices using a total joint replacement registry.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe the infrastructure of the total joint replacement registry of a large integrated healthcare system's and emphasize challenges associated with orthopedic device classification and evaluation.

Methods: Using a large integrated healthcare system innovative infrastructure including electronic health record data, administrative data sources, and registry data collection, we evaluated device choice and outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Devices were classified into type of bearing surface (alternative versus traditional).

Demographically corrected norms for African Americans and Caucasians on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, Stroop Color and Word Test, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test 64-Card Version.

Memory and executive functioning are two important components of clinical neuropsychological (NP) practice and research. Multiple demographic factors are known to affect performance differentially on most NP tests, but adequate normative corrections, inclusive of race/ethnicity, are not available for many widely used instruments. This study compared demographic contributions for widely used tests of verbal and visual learning and memory (Brief Visual Memory Test-Revised, Hopkins Verbal Memory Test-Revised) and executive functioning (Stroop Color and Word Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64) in groups of healthy Caucasians (n = 143) and African Americans (n = 103).

Leveraging electronic medical records for surveillance of surgical site infection in a total joint replacement population.

Objective: To evaluate whether a hybrid electronic screening algorithm using a total joint replacement (TJR) registry, electronic surgical site infection (SSI) screening, and electronic health record (EHR) review of SSI is sensitive and specific for SSI detection and reduces chart review volume for SSI surveillance.

Design: Validation study.

Setting: A large health maintenance organization (HMO) with 8.

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders persist in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy: CHARTER Study.

Objectives: This is a cross-sectional, observational study to determine the frequency and associated features of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in a large, diverse sample of infected individuals in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART).

Methods: A total of 1,555 HIV-infected adults were recruited from 6 university clinics across the United States, with minimal exclusions. We used standardized neuromedical, psychiatric, and neuropsychological (NP) examinations, and recently published criteria for diagnosing HAND and classifying 3 levels of comorbidity (minimal to severe non-HIV risks for NP impairment).

Implications of hepatitis C virus infection for behavioral symptoms and activities of daily living.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is neurovirulent and has been shown to be associated with neuropsychological (NP) deficits in a subset of infected individuals. Despite these previous findings, little work has been done to examine neurobehavioral symptoms associated with HCV infection. We examined 34 HCV seropositive (HCV+) individuals and 35 healthy comparison participants (HCV-) with the self-rating form of the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe).

Incidence and nature of cognitive decline over 1 year among HIV-infected former plasma donors in China.

Objective: To quantify and characterize the nature of cognitive change over 1 year in a cohort of HIV-positive former plasma donors in rural China.

Design: The present study is an observational cohort study.

Methods: One hundred and ninety-two HIV-positive and 101 demographically comparable HIV-negative individuals, all former plasma donors, who lived in a rural part of China, received comprehensive medical and neuropsychological examinations.

Alteration of Methamphetamine-induced stereotypic behaviour in transgenic mice expressing HIV-1 envelope protein gp120.

The use of drugs for recreational purposes, in particular Methamphetamine, is associated with an increased risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. HIV-1 infection in turn can lead to HIV-associated neurological disorders (HAND) that range from mild cognitive and motor impairment to HIV-associated dementia (HAD). Interestingly, post mortem brain specimens from HAD patients and transgenic (tg) mice expressing the viral envelope protein gp120 in the central nervous system display similar neuropathological signs.

[Remarkable evolution of hepatic, pleural and pulmonary amoebiasis: a case report].

Entamoeba histolytica, is a human pathogen which is endemic in tropical areas. The most common extra-intestinal locations for disease after the liver are pleural and pulmonary. Although the outcome of pleural and pulmonary amoebiasis is generally favourable, it is important to note that a significant proportion of patients do develop pleural and pulmonary after-effects.

Psychiatric context of acute/early HIV infection. The NIMH Multisite Acute HIV Infection Study: IV.

Acute/early HIV infection is a period of high risk for HIV transmission. Better understanding of behavioral aspects during this period could improve interventions to limit further transmission. Thirty-four participants with acute/early HIV infection from six US cities were assessed with the Mini International Diagnostic Interview, Beck Depression Inventory II, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Brief COPE, and an in-depth interview.

Negative mood and sexual behavior among non-monogamous men who have sex with men in the context of methamphetamine and HIV.

Background: Research comparing the independent and combined contextual effects of methamphetamine dependence (METH) and HIV-infection (HIV) on mood and sexual behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM) has been sparse and inconsistent. This study examined the contextual influence of METH, HIV-infection and their combination on mood states and sexual behavior.

Methods: 175 non-monogamous MSM concordant or discordant for METH and HIV were included.

Human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and risk for peripheral neuropathy.

Objective: Two recent analyses found that exposure to protease inhibitors (PIs) in the context of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy increased the risk for distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSPN) in subjects with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These findings were supported by an in vitro model in which PI exposure produced neurite retraction and process loss in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons. Confirmation of peripheral nerve toxicity with PIs could substantially limit their long-term use in highly active ARV therapy.

Neurobehavioral effects of human immunodeficiency virus infection among former plasma donors in rural China.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in China has expanded rapidly in recent years, but little is known about the prevalence and features of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) in this part of the world. We administered a comprehensive Western neuropsychological (NP) test battery to 203 HIV+ and 198 HIV- former plasma donors in the rural area of Anhui province. They found that 26% of the HIV- samples, and 46% of the HIV+ samples, were infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which can also have central nervous system (CNS) effects.

Long-term survival and serious cardiovascular events in HIV-infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy.

There is continuing interest in the longer term effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the risk of cardiopulmonary events. We assessed this using updated administrative data from an open retrospective cohort of HIV-infected persons receiving care from the US Veterans Affairs (VA). Information on 41,213 HIV-infected patients receiving VA care between January 1993 and December 2003 was included.

Neurobehavioral effects of HIV-1 infection in China and the United States: a pilot study.

The HIV epidemic in China has been increasing exponentially, yet there have been no studies of the neurobehavioral effects of HIV infection in that country. Most neuroAIDS research has been conducted in Western countries using Western neuropsychological (NP) methods, and it is unclear whether these testing methods are appropriate for use in China. Twenty-eight HIV seropositive (HIV+) and twenty-three HIV seronegative (HIV-) individuals with comparable gender, age, and education distributions were recruited in Beijing and the rural Anhui province in China.

Porous organoclay composite for the sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pentachlorophenol from groundwater.

Complex mixtures of hazardous chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soil and groundwater can have severe and long-lasting effects on health. The evidence that these contaminants can cause adverse health effects in animals and humans is rapidly expanding. The frequent and wide-spread occurrence of PAHs in groundwater makes appropriate intervention strategies for their remediation highly desirable.

Tri1 encodes the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase for C-8 hydroxylation during trichothecene biosynthesis in Fusarium sporotrichioides and resides upstream of another new Tri gene.

Many Fusarium species produce one or more agriculturally important trichothecene mycotoxins, and the relative level of toxicity of these compounds is determined by the pattern of oxygenations and acetylations or esterifications on the core trichothecene structure. Previous studies with UV-induced Fusarium sporotrichioides NRRL 3299 trichothecene mutants defined the Tri1 gene and demonstrated that it was required for addition of the oxygen at the C-8 position during trichothecene biosynthesis. We have cloned and characterized the Tri1 gene from NRRL 3299 and found that it encodes a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase.

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients treated for human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Background: Metabolic abnormalities associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, including dysglycemia and hyperlipidemia, are increasingly prevalent, and there is concern about the possibility of an association with accelerated cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease among the 36,766 patients who received care for HIV infection at Veterans Affairs facilities between January 1993 and June 2001.

Results: For antiretroviral therapy, 70.