Improvement of semen parameters after antibiotic therapy in asymptomatic infertile men infected with Mycoplasma genitalium.

Objectives: To elucidate the association between asymptomatic infections caused by Mycoplasma genitalium and male infertility, and evaluate the role of antibiotic therapy in treatment of this failure.

Methods: A total of 165 infertile males having abnormal semen parameters (study group) and 165 healthy fertile men (control group) were included. Semen samples were taken from all participants and after analyzing for semen parameters, undergone real-time PCR, microbial culture, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays.

Determination of carbapenem resistance mechanism in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients, in Tehran, Iran.

Carbapenems are the most important therapeutic options that effect against serious infections caused by multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA) isolates. Carbapenems resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa are increasing worldwide.

Asymptomatic Infection With Mycoplasma hominis Negatively Affects Semen Parameters and Leads to Male Infertility as Confirmed by Improved Semen Parameters After Antibiotic Treatment.

Objective: To elucidate the association between asymptomatic infections caused by Mycoplasma hominis and male infertility and to evaluate the role of antibiotic therapy in the treatment of this failure.

Materials And Methods: A total of 165 infertile men having abnormal semen parameters (study group) as well as 165 healthy fertile men (control group) were included in this study. Semen samples were taken from all participants and, after analyzing for semen parameters, real-time polymerase chain reaction, microbial culture, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays were performed.

Characterization of virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance pattern and clonal complexes of group B streptococci isolated from neonates.

Between January and December 2013, swab samples were taken for the throat and external ear canals of 1037 newborns for screening of Group B Streptococcus (GBS or S. agalactiae). Isolates were analyzed form Multilocus sequence typing (MLST), capsular type, virulence genes and antibiotic susceptibility.

Prevalence of Urogenital Mycoplasmas in Iran and Their Effects on Fertility Potential: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Urogenital mycoplasmas are potentially pathogenic species causing genitourinary tract infections that may be initially asymptomatic but can progress and lead to severe complications and threaten reproductive health. However, the overall prevalence rate of this bacterium and its probable impacts on fertility potential have yet to be determined.

Methods: We searched both English and Persian electronic databases using key words such as "Mycoplasma," "Ureaplasma," "M.

Association of Chlamydia trachomatis with infertility and clinical manifestations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies.

Background Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the sexually transmitted pathogens causing reproductive health-threatening diseases worldwide. However, its role in infertility, particularly in asymptomatic individuals, is not yet definitely determined. Methods For the study, electronic databases were searched using the following keywords; 'Chlamydia trachomatis', 'prevalence', 'frequency', 'fertile', 'infertile', 'case', 'control', 'symptomatic' and 'asymptomatic'.

ISPpu22, a novel insertion sequence in the oprD porin gene of a carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate from a burn patient in Tehran, Iran.

Background And Objectives: The oprD mutation and AmpC overproduction are the main mechanisms of intrinsic resistance to carbapenems such as imipenem and meropenem in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we investigated intrinsic resistance to carbapenems including mutation of oprD and AmpC overproduction in a carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from a burn patient by phenotypic and molecular methods.

Assessment and comparison of probiotic potential of four Lactobacillus species isolated from feces samples of Iranian infants.

The probiotic potential of Lactobacillus species isolated from infant feces was investigated. For this study, the antibiotic susceptibility, tolerance in gut-related conditions, antimicrobial activity, and ability to adhere to a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2 cells) of four common Lactobacillus species (Lactobacillus paracasei [n = 15], Lactobacillus rhamnosus [n = 45], Lactobacillus gasseri [n = 20] and Lactobacillus fermentum [n = 18]) were assessed. Most isolates that which were sensitive to imipenem, ampicillin, gentamycin, erythromycin and tetracycline were selected for other tests.

Prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine the overall prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in Iranian males and females and to find out the effect of this bacterium on fertility potential and its association with urogenital symptoms.

Methods: We searched both English and Persian electronic databases using keywords 'Chlamydia', 'Chlamydia trachomatis', 'prevalence', 'incidence', 'frequency', 'epidemiology' and 'Iran'. Finally, after some exclusion, 34 studies from different regions of Iran were included in our study, and a meta-analysis was performed to determine pooled prevalence estimates for each group.

Detection of AmpC-β-lactamases producing isolates among carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from burn patient.

Background And Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for devastating nosocomial infections among severely burn patients. Class C of cephalosporinase (AmpC-β-lactamases) is important cause of multiple β-lactam resistance in P. aeruginosa.

High Incidence of Macrolide and Tetracycline Resistance among Streptococcus Agalactiae Strains Isolated from Clinical Samples in Tehran, Iran.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococci (GBS) is an important bacterial pathogen that causes a wide range of infections including neonatal sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia and soft tissue or urinary tract infections.

Material And Methods: One hundred and fifteen isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae collected from urine specimens of patients attending a hospital in Tehran. All isolates were screened for their capsular types and genes encoding resistance to the macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics by PCR and multiplex PCR-based methods.

Virulence profiling and genetic relatedness of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from humans and ruminants.

In the present study the occurrence, genotypic characteristics and relatedness of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolated from 235 fecal samples of diarrheic children (n=75), sheep (n=80), and cattle (n=80) were investigated. Overall, STEC was found in 4%, 61.2%, and 18.

Virulence factors, antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women.

Forty-one Streptococcus agalactiae isolates collected from pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation were analysed for their capsular types, antimicrobial resistance determinants, distribution of virulence factors and genetic relatedness using PCR and multiplex PCR. Capsular type III was predominant (65.8%), followed by capsular type II (14.

The effect of hydro alcoholic extract of seven plants on cariogenic bacteria--an in vitro evaluation.

Aim: To compare the antibacterial effect of hydro alcoholic extract of Salvia officinalis, Pimpinella anisum, Satureja hortensis, Rhus coriaria, Carum copticum, Mentha longifolia, Achillea millefolium against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Actinomyces viscosus through two in vitro methods.

Methods: In this experimental study, hydro-alcoholic extracts have been prepared from the shoot of Salvia officinalis, Satureja hortensis, Mentha longifolia and Achillea millefolium, the seed of Pimpinella anisum and Carum copticum and the fruit of Rhus coriaria with maceration method. Their antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Actinomyces viscosus have been evaluated with broth macrodilution and agar diffusion methods.

Determination of extended spectrum beta-lactamases, metallo-beta-lactamases and AmpC-beta-lactamases among carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with burns.

Method: A total of 214 nonduplicated burn wound isolates of P. aeruginosa were recovered from burn patients.

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection by invasive and noninvasive tests.

Although several invasive and noninvasive tests have been developed for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, all of the tests have their limitations. We conducted a study to investigate and compare the suitability of rapid urease test (RUT), serology, histopathology and stool antigen tests with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of H. pylori, and correlate the diagnostic methods with PCR.

Genetic similarity between adenoid tissue and middle ear fluid isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis from Iranian children with otitis media with effusion.

Background: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a common disease among children, in the pathogenesis of which bacterial infections play a critical role. It was suggested that adenoid tissue could serve as a reservoir for bacterial infection, the eustachian tubes being the migration routes of bacteria into the middle ear cavity. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic similarity between isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis, obtained from adenoid tissue and middle ear fluid.

Normal and tumour cervical cells respond differently to vaginal lactobacilli, independent of pH and lactate.

Cervical cancer is a human papilloma virus (HPV)-related cancer, but most HPV infections are transient or intermittent and resolve spontaneously. Thus, other factors, such as cervical microflora, which are dominated by lactobacilli, must be involved in invasive cervical carcinoma development after HPV infection. Previous studies have demonstrated that lactobacilli have antitumour effects, and it is possible that vaginal lactobacilli prevent cervical cancer.

Molecular analysis of typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) isolated from children with diarrhoea.

Diarrhoea continues to be one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among infants and children in developing countries. To investigate the incidence, antimicrobial resistance and genetic relationships of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in children with diarrhoea, a total of 612 stool specimens were collected in Tehran, Iran, and cultured to isolate strains of EPEC. The disc diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility of the isolates according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.

Evaluation of biofilm production and characterization of genes encoding type III secretion system among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the common pathogenic causes of serious infections in burn patients throughout the world. Type III secretion toxins are thought to promote the dissemination of P. aeruginosa from the site of infection, the bacterial evasion of the host immune response and inhibition of DNA synthesis leading to host cell death.

Characterization of Alloiococcus otitidis strains isolated from children with otitis media with effusion by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis.

Objective: Alloiococcus otitidis is a slow growing organism which has been isolated in a few studies on patients with otitis media with effusion (OME). According to the literature review, there is no study about the molecular typing of A. otitidis.

Phenotypic and genotypic evaluation of fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Tehran.

Background: Fluoroquinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics widely used in the treatment of bacterial infections such as Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Resistance to these antibiotics is increasing.

Material/methods: The occurrence of mutations in the grlA and gyrA loci were evaluated in 69 fluoroquinolone-resistant S.

Frequency of Alloicoccus otitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae in children with otitis media with effusion (OME) in Iranian patients.

Objective: To determine the presence of common bacterial agents of otitis media with effusion (OME), together with investigation these agent in the adenoid tissue and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolated bacteria in Iranian children with OME.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial culture methods were used for detection and isolation of Alloicoccus otitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae in 63 middle ear fluid samples and 48 adenoid tissues from 48 OME patients. Fifteen patients were bilaterally affected.

High prevalence of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing acinetobacter baumannii in a teaching hospital in Tabriz, Iran.

Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing Acinetobacter baumannii has become a growing therapeutic concern worldwide. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of A. baumannii isolates and to determine the prevalence of MBL genes among carbapenem non-susceptible isolates.