Molecular characterization and field survey of Iranian potato virus X isolates.

Six hundred and one symptomatic potato samples were collected from nine provinces in Iran. Screening by double-antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay using a potato virus X (PVX) together with a few potyviruses polyclonal antibodies, produced positive reactions in 4.3 % of samples against PVX.

Incidence and characterization of Potato virus V infections in Iran.

A survey was carried out to determine the extent of Potato virus V (PVV) infection, together with other potyviruses, in Iran in both commercial and local potato varieties. We found a low incidence of PVV in commercial varieties compared to a local potato cultivar Zardi, in which we noted a PVV infection up to ~32.9 %.

Analysis of Iranian Potato virus S isolates.

Two hundred forty potato samples with one or more symptoms of leaf mosaic, distortion, mottling and yellowing were collected between 2005 and 2008 from seven Iranian provinces. Forty-four of these samples tested positive with double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISA) using a Potato virus S (PVS) polyclonal antibody. Of these 12 isolates of PVS were selected based on the geographical location for biological and molecular characterization.

Characterisation of potato virus Y isolates from Iran.

A survey of Potato virus Y (PVY) was conducted in cultivated fields in six Iranian provinces between January 2005 to July 2007. Two hundred samples from potato and tomato were collected and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for potyviruses. Almost one fourth of the samples were found to be infected by PVY.

Incidence of Viruses Infecting Tomato and Their Natural Hosts in the Southeast and Central Regions of Iran.

A survey was conducted to determine the incidence of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Beet curly top virus (BCTV), Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TcSV), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus S (PVS), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Tomato ringspot virus (TRSV), Tomato aspermy virus (TAV), Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Tobacco streak virus (TSV), Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in the major horticultural crop growing areas in the southeast and central regions of Iran. A total of 1,307 symptomatic leaf samples from fields and 603 samples from greenhouses were collected from January 2003 to July 2005 in five southeastern and central provinces of Iran. Samples of symptomatic plants were analyzed for virus infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using specific polyclonal antibodies.

Analysis of the biological and molecular variability of Watermelon mosaic virus isolates from Iran.

Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) is one of the most important viruses that causes different symptoms in Cucurbitaceae. WMV is a potyvirus with a worldwide distribution, but occurs most commonly in temperate and Mediterranean regions. Cucurbit species grown in Yazd, Esfahan, West Azerbaijan, Hormozgan, and Kerman provinces were surveyed for the relative incidence of WMV in 2004-2005.

Occurrence, Distribution, and Relative Incidence of Seven Viruses Infecting Greenhouse-Grown Cucurbits in Iran.

Greenhouse-grown cucurbit crops in several Iranian regions were surveyed for the incidence of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Squash mosaic virus (SqMV), Papaya ring spot virus-type W (PRSV-W), Watermelon mosaic virus-2 (WMV-2), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Cucumber necrosis virus (CuNV) and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) from September 2002 to June 2004. In all, 1,304 random and 1,085 symptomatic leaf or fruit samples were collected. Samples were analyzed for virus infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.