[A Case of a Colorectal Villous Tumor with Electrolyte Depletion Syndrome Treated with Robot-Assisted Surgery].

Colorectal villous tumors secrete large amounts of mucus that can cause electrolyte abnormalities and dehydration, a condition known as electrolyte depletion syndrome. A woman in her 70s, who had been underweight for 10 years with a body mass index(BMI)of 16, was admitted to our hospital with electrolyte abnormalities, renal disorders, and rectal tumors. The electrolyte abnormalities and renal disorders were corrected relatively quickly with supplemental fluid therapy.

Preoperative and postoperative prognostic factors of patients with stage II/III lower rectal cancer without neoadjuvant therapy in the clinical trial (JCOG0212).

Background: The JCOG0212 trial was a randomized controlled trial comparing mesorectal excision alone to mesorectal excision with lateral lymph node dissection for stage II/III lower rectal cancer patients without clinical lateral lymph node enlargement. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological prognostic factors for relapse-free survival and overall survival of lower rectal cancer in the trial.

Methods: Prospective data were selected from 663 patients with complete data.

Risk factors for surgical site infection and association of surgical site infection with survival of lower rectal cancer patients without clinical lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis (clinical Stage II/III): Analysis of data from JCOG0212.

This study aimed to examine the risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) and the association of that with recurrence in JCOG0212. The results for secondary endpoints showed that compared with the mesorectal excision (ME) alone group, ME with lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) group showed significantly longer operative time and significantly higher blood loss. These results suggested that LLND was a risk factor for SSI.

Long-term follow-up of the randomized trial of mesorectal excision with or without lateral lymph node dissection in rectal cancer (JCOG0212).

Background: Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) 0212 (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00190541) was a non-inferiority phase III trial of patients with clinical stage II-III rectal cancer without lateral pelvic lymph node enlargement. The trial compared mesorectal excision (ME) with ME and lateral lymph node dissection (LLND), with a primary endpoint of recurrence-free survival (RFS).

A single-institution retrospective analysis of gastric carcinoma with positive peritoneal lavage cytology and without serosal invasion: A case series.

Background And Objectives: Peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer is often associated with serosal infiltration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical importance of peritoneal lavage cytology in patients with gastric carcinoma without serosal invasion. The incidence and impact on prognosis of positive cytology were analyzed.

Predictive factors of pathological lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients without clinical lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis (clinical stage II/III): The analysis of data from the clinical trial (JCOG0212).

Background: Mesorectal excision (ME) is the standard surgical procedure for lower rectal cancer. However, in Japan, total or tumor-specific ME with lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LLND) is the standard surgical procedure for patients with clinical stages II or III lower rectal cancer, because lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis occasionally occurs in these patients. The aim of study was to elucidate the predictive factors of pathological lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients without clinical lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis.

Urinary dysfunction after rectal cancer surgery: Results from a randomized trial comparing mesorectal excision with and without lateral lymph node dissection for clinical stage II or III lower rectal cancer (Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study, JCOG0212).

Background: Postoperative urinary dysfunction is a major complication of rectal cancer surgery. A randomized controlled trial (JCOG0212) concluded that the noninferiority of mesorectal excision alone to mesorectal excision with lateral lymph node dissection was not confirmed in terms of relapse-free survival.

Methods: Eligibility criteria included histologically proven clinical stage II/III rectal cancer, a main lesion located in the rectum with the lower margin below the peritoneal reflection, and the absence of lateral lymph node enlargement.

Mesorectal Excision With or Without Lateral Lymph Node Dissection for Clinical Stage II/III Lower Rectal Cancer (JCOG0212): A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled, Noninferiority Trial.

Objective: The aim of the study was to confirm the noninferiority of mesorectal excision (ME) alone to ME with lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) in terms of efficacy.

Background: Lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis is occasionally found in clinical stage II or III lower rectal cancer, and ME with LLND is the standard procedure in Japan. ME alone, however, is the international standard surgical procedure for rectal cancer.

Male sexual dysfunction after rectal cancer surgery: Results of a randomized trial comparing mesorectal excision with and without lateral lymph node dissection for patients with lower rectal cancer: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG0212.

Background: We conducted a randomized controlled trial (JCOG0212) to determine whether the outcome of mesorectal excision (ME) alone for rectal cancer is not inferior to that of ME with lateral lymph node dissection (LLND). The present study focused on male sexual dysfunction after surgery.

Methodology: Eligibility criteria included clinical stage II/III rectal cancer, the lower margin of the lesion below the peritoneal reflection, the absence of lateral pelvic lymph node enlargement, and no preoperative radiotherapy.

[A case of gastric cancer accompanied by disseminated carcinomatosis of bone marrow with DIC recovered by sequential therapy consisting of MTX and 5-FU].

A 78-year-old male was admitted to our hospital complaining of anorexia. Endoscopy revealed gastric cancer with pyloric stenosis and MRI showed multiple metastasis of thoracic vertebral body. Blood examinations showed DIC and CEA was 118.

[Two case report of adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum].

Primary adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum is an extremely rare disease and have been reported only twenty cases all over the world, and that considered arise from endometriosis in most of the cases. We report two cases, 53-year-old and 48-year-old women, of primary adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum without endometriosis. This tumor is important to consider one of the pelvic tumors.

[Outpatient based colorectal cancer treatment--the current status, challenges and future outlook].

In recent years, chemotherapy for colorectal cancer has advanced rapidly. It has taken on the primary role in the treatment of advanced/metastatic colorectal cancer. However, surgery and radiation therapy continue to be integral measures in managing the various symptoms which occur during chemotherapy.

[A case of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma with high production of carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9)].

A 75-year-old female had loss of appetite, left hypochondrial and back pain. An X-ray and a computed tomogram of both lungs showed multiple small granular shadows. By Tc-labelled bone scintigram, multiple uptakes were found.

Metachronous liver metastasis of colorectal cancer: timing of occurrence and efficacy of adjuvant portal chemotherapy.

We estimated the time of occurrence of metachronous liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients from tumor diameter and doubling time. Micro-metastasis was present prior to operation in most patients and a few metastatic cases could have been initiated by the surgical procedure. Portal chemotherapy is more effective against liver metastasis than intravenous infusion because a higher drug concentration in the liver can be obtained.

Comparative antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil and its prodrugs in combination with hyperthermia in vitro.

We investigated the antitumor activities of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR), 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU) and 1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil (FT-207) in combination with hyperthermia in vitro. The antitumor effect of 5-FU (10(-4) M) was slightly enhanced by combination with hyperthermia (42 degrees C) for 2h, and the effect was determined to be additive. Synergistic enhancement of antitumor activity was obtained by the concurrent use of hyperthermia (42 degrees C, 2h) and 5'-DFUR (10(-4) M) or HCFU (10(-5) M).