Are Ki-67 and Procalcitonin Expression Levels Useful in Predicting the Biological Behavior of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Liver Transplantation?

: Examinations of procalcitonin (PCT) and Ki-67 expression levels in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who have undergone liver transplantation (LT) through immunohistochemical analyses of tumor tissue may reveal the biological characteristics of the tumor, thus informing the selection of HCC patients for LT. : Hepatectomy specimens from 86 HCC patients who underwent LT were obtained and analyzed immunohistochemically for the expression of PCT and Ki-67. The percentage and intensity of PCT staining, as well as the percentage of Ki-67 expression, were assessed for each patient.

Successful treatment of aggressive AA amyloidosis with tocilizumab in a patient with polymyalgia rheumatica.

Polymyalgia rheumatic (PMR) associated amyloidosis is an extremely rare condition that can be rapidly progressive with high morbidity and mortality and management is challenging. Tocilizumab is a monoclonal anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, which is in the therapeutic arsenal of PMR. The efficiency of tocilizumab in improvement of PMR activity score and decreasing steroid dose is well-established, while efficiency in PMR-associated amyloidosis has not been published.

Comparison of liver resection and living donor liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma within Milan criteria and well-preserved liver function.

Background And Aim: Liver resection (LR) and liver transplantation (LT) are curative treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The main purpose of this study was to compare the survival of LR and LDLT in patients with HCC within the Milan criteria.

Materials And Methods: The results of the LR (n=67) and LDLT (n=391) groups were compared for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

Incidental Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Transplantation: Clinicopathologic Features and Prognosis.

Background: The prognostic impact and clinicopathologic features of incidental hepatocellular carcinoma (iHCC) detected in explanted livers of patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) has been a controversial issue in previous studies when compared with patients who are diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (pdHCC) before LT. We aimed to review and compare these patient groups in a high-volume LT center. Methods: The present study involves a retrospective analysis of 406 HCC patients who received LT between January 2002 and April 2022.

Thymic Seminoma with Regressive Changes Obscured by Granulomatous Reaction.

Primary thymic seminoma is an exceedingly rare tumour. There are few case reports about mediastinal thymic seminoma accompanied by secondary changes. We report a case of a 29-year male admitted to our hospital because of chest pain and dyspnea for 8 months.

Endometrial carcinoma detection with 3.0 Tesla imaging: which sequence is more useful.

Objective: Detection of endometrial cancer (EC) is crucial in pre-operative EC management. The study aimed at determining the most reliable sequence in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation at the EC. Different sequences were compared using histopathological results as the gold standard.

COMPARISON OF TVUS, MRI, AND FROZEN SECTION METHODS IN PREOPERATIVE DETECTION OF MYOMETRIAL INVASION IN PATIENTS WITH ENDOMETRIAL CANCER.

We aimed to evaluate the depth of myometrial invasion preoperatively with transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and frozen section examination techniques in patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer. Our study included 65 patients. Transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in study patients in the preoperative period.

Bronchiectasis: Retrospective Analysis of Clinical and Pathological Findings in a Tertiary-Care Hospital.

Background: Bronchiectasis is still a challenging chronic lung disease in developing countries. Patients with bronchiectasis can also have pulmonary hypertension. There are sparse data on the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients with bronchiectasis.

Long-term effects of orchiopexy and orchiectomy on the testes of rats with testicular torsion.

Introduction: Ischemia/reperfusion injury occurs after testicular torsion, levels of free oxygen radicals and inflammatory cytokines are increased in both the torsional and contralateral testis, leading to testicular injury.

Objective: The present study investigated whether orchiopexy or orchiectomy after testicular torsion was superior in terms of fertility potential in the long term.

Study Design: Following 720°, 4 h left testicular torsion, orchiectomy or orchiopexy was performed on 84 rats, which were then sacrificed and evaluated for testicular function at day 1, at 3 months and 6 months (n = 14 per group).

An experimental rat model of electric shock injury with isolated electric shock and water conduction: the histopathological changes on the skin and internal organs and the effect on biochemical parameters.

It is difficult to determine the cause of death in electric shock injuries when no trace can be determined on the skin, and this is accepted as a reason for negative autopsy. We aimed to determine useful parameters in the definition of the cause of deaths associated with electric shock and particularly those formed with water conduction. This study used a total of 42 rats, applied with fatal electric shock formed of isolated electric shock at 220 V and with water conduction.

Contribution of aspiration to the diagnosis of lung cancer in endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy.

Objective: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration has been successfully applied in both diagnosis and staging of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathies and masses, especially in malignant cases. However, the optimal procedure of Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration to further increase diagnostic yield and minimize processing complexity remains controversial. This study aims to compare aspiration biopsy (Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration) and non-aspiration biopsy (Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle capillary sampling) in terms of sample adequacy, diagnosis, and quality in malignant cases.

Noopept Attenuates Diabetes-Mediated Neuropathic Pain and Oxidative Hippocampal Neurotoxicity via Inhibition of TRPV1 Channel in Rats.

Neuropathic pain and oxidative neurotoxicity are two adverse main actions of diabetes mellitus (DM). The expression levels of calcium ion (Ca) permeable TRPV1 channels are high in the dorsal root ganglion (DRGs) and hippocampus (HIPPO). TRPV1 is activated by capsaicin and reactive free oxygen radicals (fROS) to mediate peripheral neuropathy and neurotoxicity.

Nomenclature of appendiceal mucinous lesions according to the 2019 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Digestive System.

Background/aims: To analysis the appendiceal mucinous lesions according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2019 classification of tumors of the digestive system (non-neuroendocrine tumors of the appendix vermiformis)

Materials And Methods: Clinical and histopathological data of 37 patients with histopathologically proven appendiceal mucinous lesion from January 2010 to May 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Pathology slides were re-evaluated by two pathologists according to the WHO 2019 classification of tumors of the digestive system.

Results: Totally 37 patients (male:19 female: 18) aged 23 to 93 years were analyzed.

Clinicopathological Features of Two Extremely Rare Hepatocellular Carcinoma Variants: a Brief Review of Fibrolamellar and Scirrhous Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: We aimed to distinguish between fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma and scirrhous hepatocellular carcinoma histopathologically.

Methods And Results: In this review, fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma and scirrhous hepatocellular carcinoma two specific and rare variants of hepatocellular carcinoma, which are difficult to diagnose histopathologically are discussed.

Conclusion: The clinical, radiological, gross, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of these two tumors, which are defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), are mentioned.

Is FDG-PET/CT used correctly in the combined approach for nodal staging in NSCLC patients?

Background: The most widely accepted approach nowadays in nodal staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the combined use of 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) and endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). However, this approach may not be sufficient, especially for early stages.

Aims: Our aim was to assess whether more satisfactory results can be obtained with standardized uptake value maximum lymph node/standardized uptake value mean mediastinal blood pool (SUVmax LN/SUVmean MBP), SUVmax LN/Primary tumor, or a novel cut-off value to SUVmax in this special group.

Conjunctival impression cytology and tear-film changes in cases with vitamin D deficiency.

Purpose: To evaluate conjunctival surface cells and tear-film functions in cases with vitamin D deficiency.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with serum vitamin D deficiency and 27 control subjects with normal serum vitamin D levels were included in this prospective study. The tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer II test, and conjunctival impression cytology tests were performed to all participants.

Is it possible to achieve more accurate mediastinal nodal radiotherapy planning for NSCLC with PET/CT?

Objective: To assess whether more accurate mediastinal lymph nodes radiotherapy can be performed with fluorode oxyglu cosepositron emission tomogaphy/computed tomography.

Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at Inonu University Medical Faculty, Malatya, Turkey, and Afyon Kocatepe University Medical Faculty, Afyon, Turkey, and comprised record of patients histopathologically diagnosed with non-small cell lung carcinoma and who underwent fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography between January 2013 and December 2016. Surgery and pathology reports of the patients were reviewed.

Solitary Bone Cyst Like Areas in Myositis Ossificans: A Breast Mass in a Child.

Myositis ossificans is an extraosseous, benign tumor-like condition characterized by prominent heterotopic ossification. Cystic degeneration in myositis ossificans is an uncommon entity. A 13-year-old girl presented with a large and painful breast lump.

Cytoprotective effects of molsidomine against methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity: an experimental rat study.

Introduction And Aim: Methotrexate (Mtx) is an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive drug that may cause hepatotoxicity, whereas molsidomine (Mol) is a vasodilating and antioxidant agent. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Mol in Mtx-induced liver toxicity in rats.

Materials And Methods: Forty Wistar albino rats were equally divided into five groups: control, Mol, Mtx, Mol-Mtx, and Mtx-Mol.

Systematic identification of cancer-specific MHC-binding peptides with RAVEN.

Immunotherapy can revolutionize anti-cancer therapy if specific targets are available. Immunogenic peptides encoded by cancer-specific genes (CSGs) may enable targeted immunotherapy, even of oligo-mutated cancers, which lack neo-antigens generated by protein-coding missense mutations. Here, we describe an algorithm and user-friendly software named RAVEN (Rich Analysis of Variable gene Expressions in Numerous tissues) that automatizes the systematic and fast identification of CSG-encoded peptides highly affine to Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHC) starting from transcriptome data.

Robust diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma by immunohistochemical detection of super-enhancer-driven EWSR1-ETS targets.

Ewing sarcoma is an undifferentiated small-round-cell sarcoma. Although molecular detection of pathognomonic fusions such as enables definitive diagnosis, substantial confusion can arise if molecular diagnostics are unavailable. Diagnosis based on the conventional immunohistochemical marker CD99 is unreliable due to its abundant expression in morphological mimics.

Cytological and cytomorphometric characteristics of buccal mucosa cells from smokeless tobacco users.

Background: Use of smokeless tobacco (ST) is increasing in many communities. We investigated whether ST alters the cytological and cytomorphometric features of buccal mucosa cells.

Methods: Twenty male participants who had used Nicotiana rustica Linn.