A Pyridinium Ylide-Alkylation Strategy for the Structural Diversification of -Carbamoylpyridinium Salts.

A pyridinium ylide-alkylation strategy has been developed for selectively accessing ,-disubstituted pyridinium salts from monosubstituted pyridinium salts possessing ambident nucleophiles. The method was shown to be tolerant toward an array of different pyridinium scaffolds and common electrophiles, enabling access to structurally diverse pyridinium salts. The potential versatility of the approach was demonstrated through the synthesis of chemically complex, heterotrifunctional pyridinium salts containing a pyridinium warhead, a click chemistry handle, and a third, high-value, payload.

Choledochal cyst as an incidental finding during acute cholecystitis: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: This case demonstrates an atypical presentation of choledochal cysts (CDCs) and elaborates on the diagnostic challenges encountered when presented with CDCs in adulthood, as it principally presents in children.

Abstract: A is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by cystic dilations in the extrahepatic and intrahepatic biliary trees. These cysts are classified according to their location and characteristics.

Epidemiological challenges in pandemic coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Role of artificial intelligence.

World is now experiencing a major health calamity due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus clade 2. The foremost challenge facing the scientific community is to explore the growth and transmission capability of the virus. Use of artificial intelligence (AI), such as deep learning, in (i) rapid disease detection from x-ray or computed tomography (CT) or high-resolution CT (HRCT) images, (ii) accurate prediction of the epidemic patterns and their saturation throughout the globe, (iii) forecasting the disease and psychological impact on the population from social networking data, and (iv) prediction of drug-protein interactions for repurposing the drugs, has attracted much attention.

Donor-Acceptor Pyridinium Salts for Photo-Induced Electron-Transfer-Driven Modification of Tryptophan in Peptides, Proteins, and Proteomes Using Visible Light.

Tryptophan (Trp) plays a variety of critical functional roles in protein biochemistry; however, owing to its low natural frequency and poor nucleophilicity, the design of effective methods for both single protein bioconjugation at Trp as well as for chemoproteomic profiling remains a challenge. Here, we report a method for covalent Trp modification that is suitable for both scenarios by invoking photo-induced electron transfer (PET) as a means of driving efficient reactivity. We have engineered biaryl -carbamoyl pyridinium salts that possess a donor-acceptor relationship that enables optical triggering with visible light whilst simultaneously attenuating the probe's photo-oxidation potential in order to prevent photodegradation.

Mucormycosis: A new threat to Coronavirus disease 2019 with special emphasis on India.

The main reason for the growth of mucormycosis in people with Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is mainly produced by spp. The infective mechanisms and issues recognized in spp. are the cell wall, germination proteins, and enzymes assisted to iron sequestration, CotH protein, and positive regulation of the GRP78 cell receptor.