Computed Tomographic Measurements of the Sulcus Angle of the Femoral Trochlea in Small-Breed Dogs with and without Medial Patellar Luxation.

Trochleoplasty is often performed in dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL); however, the current guidelines on when to perform a trochleoplasty in dogs are vague. The sulcus angle (SA) is used to assess the femoral trochlear morphology in humans. The aim of this study is to describe a method to measure the SA and other parameters of trochlea morphology in dogs using computed tomography.

Leptin Modulates the mRNA Expression of Follicle Development Markers in Post-hatch Chicks in an Age-Dependent Manner.

Leptin is involved in regulating reproductive function in chickens, and the development of the leptin system is initiated during the early embryonic stage; however, whether leptin has a specific role in regulating the ovarian development in early post-hatch days is still not fully understood. This study investigated the expression of ovarian functional markers in growing juvenile chickens, along with the effects of leptin on gene expression in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis on specific ovarian-remodeling days. Leptin receptor (LEPR), follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), and the mRNA expression of aromatase (CYP19A1) tended to increase with age in the ovaries of growing chicks.

Traumatic medial luxation of the triceps brachii tendon with medial subluxation of the elbow joint in a dog.

Objective: To describe the surgical reduction of luxation of the triceps brachii tendon in a dog.

Animal: One 2.5-year-old 2.

A Biomechanical Comparison of Three Miniature Locking Plate Systems in a Rabbit Radial and Ulnar Fracture Model.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of three different miniature locking plate systems used to fixate radial and ulnar fractures in toy breed dogs. Implant size, shape, material and locking systems differ, and their influence on the fracture healing process is unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate this matter using rabbit radial and ulnar fracture models.

The significance of lipid accumulation in breast carcinoma cells through perilipin 2 and its clinicopathological significance.

Both systemic and intratumoral lipid metabolism have been recently reported to play pivotal roles in both tumor development and progression in various human malignancies including breast cancer. However, its details have remained largely unknown in breast cancer patients. Therefore, in this study, we focused on perilipin 2, which is involved in constituting the intracellular lipid composition.

Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration in dogs.

Articular cartilage damage and osteoarthritis (OA) are common orthopedic diseases in both humans and dogs. Once damaged, the articular cartilage seldom undergoes spontaneous repair because of its avascular, aneural, and alymphatic state, and the damage progresses to a chronic and painful situation. Dogs have distinctive characteristics compared to other laboratory animal species in that they share an OA pathology with humans.

Bone regeneration by calcium phosphate-loaded carboxymethyl cellulose nonwoven sheets in canine femoral condyle defects.

The bone regeneration capacities of calcium phosphate (CaP)-loaded carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) nonwoven sheet (CMC/CaP) were evaluated using a dog lateral femoral condyle defect model. In addition, the effect of bFGF on bone regeneration when added to CMC/CaP sheet was investigated. The CMC and CMC/CaP sheets have high operability.

Canine mesenchymal stem cells from synovium have a higher chondrogenic potential than those from infrapatellar fat pad, adipose tissue, and bone marrow.

Osteoarthritis (OA), a common chronic joint disorder in both humans and canines, is characterized by a progressive loss of articular cartilage. Canines can serve as an animal model of OA for human medicine, and this research can simultaneously establish effective veterinary treatments for canine OA. One attractive treatment that can lead to cartilage regeneration is the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

A zebrafish chemical suppressor screening identifies small molecule inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Genetic screening for suppressor mutants has been successfully used to identify important signaling regulators. Using an analogy to genetic suppressor screening, we developed a chemical suppressor screening method to identify inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. We used zebrafish embryos in which chemically induced β-catenin accumulation led to an "eyeless" phenotype and conducted a pilot screening for compounds that restored eye development.