Relationship between NLR (Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio) value and clinical outcome in patients with external ventricular drainage due to intraventricular hemorrhage.

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhages (IVH) are common pathologies in neurosurgery practice and are associated with the worst clinical outcome among all intracranial hemorrhages. Blood in the ventricles is thought to worsen the clinical condition by triggering inflammatory processes. In recent years, NLR value is a frequently used inflammatory parameter, and there are many publications reporting that a high NLR value is an important marker in predicting the severity of inflammation.

The Effect of Stoma Site Marking on Stomal Complications: A Long-term Retrospective Study.

Objective: To identify the effect of stoma site marking on stoma-related complications.

Methods: The study sample included 639 individuals with stomas who were followed up in a stomatherapy unit in Turkey between January 1, 2017, and June 20, 2021. Researchers collected patient data from nursing records.

Retrospective Evaluation of Cases Undergoing Stereotaxic Brain Biopsy.

 The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic, radiological and histopathological findings, tumoral biomarkers, and survival rates of patients who underwent a stereotactic brain biopsy and those diagnosed with glioblastoma, metastasis, and lymphoma, and the changes in the diagnosis distribution over the years.  The patients who underwent stereotactic biopsy in our clinic between 2012 and 2020 were evaluated retrospectively. Metastasis, glioblastoma, and lymphoma cases were evaluated as three main groups and the others were excluded.

Determination of the Cricothyroid Membrane Height by Age and Sex and Optimal Tracheal Tube Size.

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to determine the average cricothyroid membrane (CTM) height in healthy volunteers, and the secondary aim was to determine the hypothetical success rate for emergency cricothyrotomy with a tracheal tube with an 8.0 mm outer diameter.

Methods: This study included healthy volunteers aged 18 years and older.

NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition is a complementary therapeutic strategy for spinal muscular atrophy.

Introduction: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by motor neuron (MN) degeneration and severe muscular atrophy and caused by Survival of Motor Neuron (SMN) depletion. Therapies aimed at increasing SMN in patients have proven their efficiency in alleviating SMA symptoms but not for all patients. Thus, combinational therapies are warranted.

Effects of sodium fluoride on neural tube development in chick embryos.

Objective: Various environmental factors encountered in daily life are associated with the development of neural tube defects. This study aims to investigate the effects of fluoride on neural tube development in chick embryos.

Methods: A total of 60 specific pathogen-free, fertile, zero-day Leghorn-type eggs were used in the study.

The relationship between bone canal diameter and facet tropism in cases of lumbar spinal stenosis.

Objectives: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a condition that increases in frequency with the aging of the spine and has adverse effects on the quality of life of individuals. Facet tropism (FT) refers to the difference in the orientation of the facet joints relative to each other in the sagittal plane. This situation may be due to a developmental defect or different stimuli.

Five-Year Outcome and Safety in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapies for Urothelial Carcinoma: Experience From Real-World Clinical Practice.

Background: In this study, we report real-world results from the 5-year follow-up data of urothelial carcinoma patients treated with immune checkpoint blockade therapies (ICTs).

Patients And Methods: Metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients treated with at least one course of ICT were included in the study. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR), and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), duration of treatment with ICT, and safety.

Sleep Problems in Individuals With Intestinal Stomas and Determining the Quality of Sleep: A Multicenter Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine sleep problems and the sleep quality of individuals with intestinal stomas.

Design: Descriptive quantitative design was used.

Subjects And Setting: The research was carried out from September 2018 to September 2019 at 3 university hospitals with stoma units located in Ankara, Turkey.

Effectiveness of the polyglycolic acid patch in preventing prolonged air leakage after pulmonary decortication.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an absorbable polyglycolic acid patch (PGA) in the early prevention of alveolar air leaks after pulmonary decortication operations.

Methods: Between January 2016 and December 2019, files of 185 patients with pleural effusion, empyema, or hemothorax were examined retrospectively. Thirty-five patients who underwent decortication surgery were included in the study.

Relationship between survival outcomes and microsatellite instability, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed cell death ligand-1 expression in patients with bladder cancer and radical cystectomy.

Purpose: Platin-based chemotherapies are first-line treatment methods after surgery in bladder cancer. Recently, novel immunotherapies emerged after platin-based regimens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression which are used as predictive biomarkers in immunotherapy.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum incidence and clinical features in non-intubated patients with COVID-19.

Objectives: To evaluate the presentation characteristics and disease course of seven patients with COVID-19 who spontaneously developed pneumomediastinum without a history of mechanical ventilation.

Methods: A total of seven non-intubated patients with COVID-19, of age ranging from 18-67 years, who developed spontaneous pneumomediastinum between 01 April and 01 October 2020 were included in the study. Patients' demographic data, clinical variables, and laboratory values were examined.

Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum: Analysis of 11 Cases.

Objectives: The presence of free air in mediastinum is defined as pneumomediastinum. The incidence is between 1/7000-1/32000. In this study, our aim is to discuss our cases with spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM), which has low incidence, in the light of the literature.

Infantile systemic lupus erythematous presenting as nephrotic syndrome in a 12-month-old boy: a case report.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is extremely rare in infants and has been reported to be a much more severe disease with higher prevalence of critical organ involvement. Herein we present the clinical and laboratory features of infantile SLE (iSLE) with an onset of nephrotic syndrome (NS) during the first year of life.

Case: A 12-month-old boy was suffering from generalized edema for two months.

Effects of tamoxifen therapy on sciatic nerve crush injury: An experimental study in rats.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of tamoxifen on sciatic nerve crush injury in a rat model using histopathological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical approaches.

Methods: In this study, 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged of 5 to 7 weeks and weighing between 300 g and 400 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control (group C), sciatic nerve injury (group SNI), and sciatic nerve injury with tamoxifen (group SNT).

Three region spinal decompression in the same session: a case report.

Background And Importance: Multiregional spinal stenosis [tandem spinal stenosis (TSS)] is not rare but operating on multiple regions at the same sitting is. Decompression of cervical and lumbar spine in the same session has a frequency of 5-25% all TSS cases, the most frequent one is TSS. Decompression in three different regions is so rare that there is only one case in the literature.

Evaluation of Syrian refugees' emergency service admissions in the western region of Turkey.

Immigration increases physical, mental, and social health problems. Emergency departments constitute resources that refugees can easily access and where they frequently present. Physicians from every specialty (chest diseases, thoracic surgery, internal diseases, etc.

Retrospective Analysis of Survival in Patients with Brain Metastases from an Unknown Primary Tumor.

Aim: To evaluate the patients with brain metastases from unknown primary (BMUP) cancers, and to analyze the prognostic factors and survival rates.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study with 110 patients (mean age: 62.8 years [range 23?90], n=85- 77.

Clinical and radiological outcomes after correction of degenerative lumbar scoliosis with dynamic stabilization (with the help of a rigid rod); and describing an alternative technique.

Sharing clinical and radiological results in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) treated surgically with dynamic system and describing an alternative technique for scoliosis correction. Between 2013 and 2018, 48 patients with flexible degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) were operated with dynamic stabilization with Polyetheretherketone Rod (PEEK rod) after rigid rod application. Preoperative and postoperative scoliosis angles (standing and supine) were statistically compared.

Atezolizumab in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Who Have Progressed After First-line Chemotherapy: Results of Real-life Experiences.

Background: Atezolizumab (ATZ) has demonstrated antitumor activity and manageable safety in previous studies in patients with locally advanced or metastatic platinum-resistant urothelial carcinoma.

Objective: To compare the real-life experience and data of clinical trials on ATZ treatment in metastatic urothelial carcinoma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Patients with urothelial cancer treated with ATZ after progression on first-line chemotherapy from an expanded access program were retrospectively studied.

Any Instrument in a Surgeon's Hand can be Fatal: Unusual Iliac Artery Injury in Lumbar Spinal Deformity Surgery.

Background: Vascular complications, which we rarely encounter during lumbosacral stabilization surgeries, can be life-threatening if they are not treated quickly. These arterial injuries occur during screw insertion. Our presentation with the common iliac artery injury during the decortication process in transverse processes with the "pedicle awl" will be the first case in the literature to our knowledge.