Binding mode between peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase and the peptidyl-A76 moiety of the substrate.

Peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase (Pth) hydrolyzes the ester bond between the peptide and the tRNA of peptidyl-tRNA molecules, which are the products of aborted translation, to prevent cell death by recycling tRNA. Numerous studies have attempted to elucidate the substrate recognition mechanism of Pth. However, the binding mode of the peptidyl-A76 (3'-terminal adenosine of tRNA) moiety of the substrate to Pth, especially the A76 moiety, still remains unclear.