Determinants of late detection and advanced-stage diagnosis of breast cancer in Nigeria.

Objective: To describe the risk factors for late detection and advanced-stage diagnosis among patients who detected their BC early.

Method: Using secondary data, we analyzed the impact of socio-demographic factors, premorbid experience, BC knowledge, and health-seeking pattern on the risk of late detection and advanced-stage diagnosis after early BC detection. Test of statistical significance in SPSS and EasyR was set at 5% using Sign-test, chi-square tests (of independence and goodness of fit), odds ratio, or risk ratio as appropriate.

Determinants of Delayed Presentation and Advanced-Stage Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background/objective: Breast cancer (BC) mortality is exceptionally high in Africa due to late presentation and advanced-stage diagnosis. Previous studies examining barriers to early BC presentation are markedly inconsistent, showing conflicting findings within and between African regions, making resource allocation and designing interventional campaigns challenging. Our objective was to assess the strength or magnitude of the association between determinants/risk factors and delayed presentation/advanced-stage diagnosis of BC in Africa.

Presentation intervals and the impact of delay on breast cancer progression in a black African population.

Background: The help-seeking interval and primary-care interval are points of delays in breast cancer presentation. To inform future intervention targeting early diagnosis of breast cancer, we described the contribution of each interval to the delay and the impact of delay on tumor progression.

Method: We conducted a multicentered survey from June 2017 to May 2018 hypothesizing that most patients visited the first healthcare provider within 60 days of tumor detection.

Prevalence of Themes Linked to Delayed Presentation of Breast Cancer in Africa: A Meta-Analysis of Patient-Reported Studies.

Purpose: The prevalence of themes linked to delay in presentation of breast cancer (BC) and their underlying factors vary considerably throughout Africa. Regional differences and trends are largely unreported. The purpose of this research was to provide summary estimates of the prevalence and distribution of the themes and underlying factors linked to delay in the presentation of BC, regional variation, and trends in an effort to identify targets for intervention.

Relationship between tumour size and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy among breast cancer patients in a tertiary center in Nigeria.

Background: Tumour biology, physiologic features such as growth fraction and physical features such as size may influence response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Molecular biology is an established basis for predicting response and selecting neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Whether physical characteristics such as size should influence chemotherapy regimen is inconclusive and has not been adequately studied in developing countries.

An observation of umbilical coiling index in a low risk population in Nigeria.

Objectives: The umbilical coiling index (UCI) is one of cord parameters for foetal assessment with limited studies in our environment. With recent advances in its evaluation, its significance, pattern, abnormalities and correlates need to be defined in our parturients.

Methods: The umbilical cords of 436 neonates were examined.

Mammographic Parenchymal Patterns in Asymptomatic Women.

Background: Breast density has been found to be an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Mammographic breast parenchymal pattern or percent density is mainly a reflection of the proportion of glandular tissue to fatty tissue, and studies have shown that it works synergistically with other risk factors such as nulliparity in predicting breast cancer risk. This study analyses the various mammographic breast patterns and correlates this with some demographic variables and final Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System outcomes of asymptomatic women in our center.

Level of Awareness and Knowledge of Breast Cancer in Nigeria. A Systematic Review.

Background: Despite reports of improved awareness of breast cancer entity and seemingly upbeat levels of other awareness subthemes in Nigeria, patients continue to present late when treatment is least rewarding. This paradoxical trend of both rising awareness and late presentation coupled with reports suggesting other competing drivers of late presentation question the "theory of poor awareness" as the foremost driver of late presentations. By aggregating available data, we aimed to assess what still constitutes poor breast cancer awareness in Nigeria in order to suggest how to allocate resources to reverse the paradox.

A five year audit of mammography in a tertiary hospital, North Central Nigeria.

Background: Breast imaging plays a vital role in the multidisciplinary approach to management of breast disease. A baseline data is apt and necessary for collaborative studies.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective descriptive study carried out between January 2009 and December 2013 at our institution.

Neuroimaging of young adults with stroke in Ilorin Nigeria.

Background: Stroke in young adults is relatively uncommon. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the most valuable tools for the diagnosis of stroke. Recent data on stroke in young adults in Nigeria is sparse.

Ultrasound evaluation of brain infections and its complications in Nigerian infants.

Infantile meningitis is a clinical diagnosis. However, suspicion of its complications may warrant further investigations; and transfrontanelle ultrasound is a reliable and cheap way to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonography in diagnosing the complications of infantile meningitis. This is a retrospective study of the transfrontanelle ultrasound findings in 40 infants presenting with clinical indicators of complicated acute bacterial meningitis.