Call to action for Clinicians in the South-East Asian Regions on Primary Prevention of Diabetes in people with Prediabetes- A Consensus statement.

Primary prevention of diabetes still remains as an unmet challenge in a real world setting. While, translational programmes have been successful in the developed nations, the prevailing social and economic inequities in the low and middle income countries, fail to integrate diabetes prevention into their public health systems. The resulting exponential increase in the prevalence of diabetes and the cost of treatment has put primary prevention in the back seat.

Self-consistent electron density with shell structure using neural network-based Pauli potential.

The orbital-free density functional theory (OF-DFT) based method is a convenient tool to carry out electronic structure calculations scaling almost linearly with the number of electrons. However, the main impediment in the application of this method is the unavailability of the accurate form for the non-interacting kinetic energy functional in terms of electron density. The Pauli kinetic energy functional is the unknown part of the kinetic energy functional, and the corresponding Pauli potential appears in the governing Euler equation.

Effect of Nutmeg () and Tea Tree () Essential Oils on the Oxidative and Microbial Stability of Chicken Fillets During Refrigerated Storage.

The current study investigated the impact of nutmeg essential oil (NEO) and tea tree essential oil (TTEO) on the preservation of raw chicken fillets during nine days of refrigerated storage study. The primary aim was to explore the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of these essential oils (EOs) and assess their ability to extend the shelf life of poultry meat. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was utilized to identify the chemical compositions of NEO and TTEO, revealing the presence of compounds like myristicin and terpenoids, known for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.

Commissioning and first result of undulator based atomic, molecular, and optical sciences (AMOS) beamline at Indus-2 synchrotron radiation source.

We present a comprehensive overview of the commissioning process and initial results of a synchrotron beamline dedicated to atomic, molecular, and optical sciences at the BL-5 undulator port of the Indus-2 synchrotron facility, Raja Ramanna Center for Advanced Technology, Indore, India. The beamline delivers a photon flux of ∼1012 photons/s with high resolving power (∼10 000) over an energy range of 6-800 eV, making it suitable for high-resolution spectroscopy in atomic, molecular, and optical science. The energy tunability from vacuum ultraviolet to soft x-ray (6-800 eV) is achieved through a varied line spacing plane grating monochromator with four gratings: very low energy (VLEG), low energy (LEG), medium energy (MEG), and high energy (HEG).

Insights into AI advances in immunohistochemistry for effective breast cancer treatment: a literature review of ER, PR, and HER2 scoring.

Breast cancer is a significant health challenge, with accurate and timely diagnosis being critical to effective treatment. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining is a widely used technique for the evaluation of breast cancer markers, but manual scoring is time-consuming and can be subject to variability. With the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), there is an increasing interest in using machine learning and deep learning approaches to automate the scoring of ER, PR, and HER2 biomarkers in IHC-stained images for effective treatment.

A putative mycobacterial GDP-mannose dependent α-mannosyltransferase Rv0225 acts as PimC: an study.

The complex cell envelope of pathogenic mycobacteria provides a strong barrier against the host immune system and various antibiotics. Phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosides (PIMs), lipomannan (LM), and lipoarabinomannan (LAM) are structurally important elements of mycobacterial cell envelope and also play crucial roles in modulating the host immune functions. At the cytoplasmic side of the mycobacterial inner membrane, phosphatidyl-myo-inositol (PI) is mannosylated by α-mannosyltransferases PimA and PimB' to synthesize PIM using GDP-mannose (GDPM) as the mannose donor.

Efficacy of Dapagliflozin + Sitagliptin + Metformin Versus Sitagliptin + Metformin in T2DM Inadequately Controlled on Metformin Monotherapy: A Multicentric Randomized Trial.

Introduction: A slower adoption rate of fixed dose combinations (FDC) in diabetes management is partly due to insufficient data. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of an FDC of dapagliflozin + sitagliptin + metformin hydrochloride extended release (XR), compared to a dual FDC of sitagliptin + metformin hydrochloride XR among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with poor glycemic control when treated with metformin monotherapy.

Methods: A total of 274 patients with T2DM were randomized (1:1) to either arm X, receiving FDC of dapagliflozin (10 mg) + sitagliptin (100 mg) + metformin hydrochloride XR (1000 mg) (Dapa + Sita + Met) tablets, or arm Y, receiving sitagliptin phosphate (100 mg) + metformin hydrochloride XR (1000 mg) (Sita + Met) tablets, and treated for 16 weeks.

Enrichment of Vitamin A and Vitamin E in Sweet Corn Kernels Through Genomics-Assisted Introgression of Mutant Version of crtRB1 and vte4 Genes.

Recessive shrunken2 (sh2)-based sweet corn is preferred worldwide as it possesses higher sugar and extended shelf life. However, traditional sh2-based sweet corn is poor in vitamin A and vitamin E. Here, parental lines of two sh2-based sweet corn hybrids, viz.

Incidence of hypoglycemia in hyperkalemia patients after treatment with insulin and dextrose in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in India: a prospective observational study.

Background: Hypoglycemia is a serious, often overlooked complication of treating hyperkalemia with insulin and dextrose. If not recognized and managed, it can increase morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of hypoglycemia in hyperkalemic patients treated with 10 units of intravenous insulin, 50 ml of 50% dextrose, 10 ml of 10% calcium gluconate, and salbutamol nebulization.

Interaction Between Nitric Oxide and Silicon on Leghaemoglobin and S-Nitrosothiol Levels in Soybean Nodules.

Nitrogen fixation in legume nodules is crucial for plant growth and development. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of nitric oxide [S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO)] and silicon [sodium metasilicate (Si)], both individually and in combination, on soybean growth, nodule formation, leghaemoglobin (Lb) synthesis, and potential post-translational modifications. At the V1 stage, soybean plants were treated for 2 weeks with 150 µM GSNO, and Si at concentrations of 1 mM, 2 mM, and 4 mM.

The cyanobacterial circadian clock couples to pulsatile processes using pulse amplitude modulation.

Cellular processes are dynamic and often oscillatory, requiring precise coordination for optimal cell function. How distinct oscillatory processes can couple within a single cell remains an open question. Here, we use the cyanobacterial circadian clock as a model system to explore the coupling of oscillatory and pulsatile gene circuits.

Search for Soft Unclustered Energy Patterns in Proton-Proton Collisions at 13 TeV.

The first search for soft unclustered energy patterns (SUEPs) is performed using an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, collected in 2016-2018 by the CMS detector at the LHC. Such SUEPs are predicted by hidden valley models with a new, confining force with a large 't Hooft coupling. In events with boosted topologies, selected by high-threshold hadronic triggers, the multiplicity and sphericity of clustered tracks are used to reject the background from standard model quantum chromodynamics.

Effectiveness and Safety of the Telmisartan and Amlodipine Fixed-dose Combination in Managing Hypertension among Indian Patients (TACT India Study): Rationale and Study Design.

The prevalence of hypertension is on the rise, with approximately 200 million individuals affected by this condition in India. Epidemiological studies suggest that one in every three adults in India has hypertension. Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) present a potential strategy to address the challenge of effective blood pressure control.

Occult Metastasis: Incidence, Pattern, and Impact on Survival in Patients with Oral Cancer, pN0 vs pN1 in a Cohort of cN0. A Prospective Cohort Study.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity is the most common malignancy of head and neck cancer in India. With nodal dissemination, there is a significant decrease in survival. This study is aimed at studying the impact of occult metastasis on an estimated overall survival in clinically N0 patients post neck dissection.

Vegetation disturbance and regrowth dynamics in shifting cultivation landscapes.

Shifting cultivation, an age-old agricultural practice, is a major factor in forest cover change across Southeast Asia, where repeated cycles of vegetation disturbance and regrowth lead to far-reaching environmental and socio-economic impacts. The present study aims to assess the spatio-temporal patterns of vegetation disturbance and regrowth caused by shifting cultivation in Tripura state of India, over the past three decades, utilizing temporal segmentation of time-series Landsat data. The study analyzed vegetation disturbance and regrowth patterns in a shifting cultivation landscape from 1991 to 2020 using normalized burn ratio trends through LandTrendr, validated by the TimeSync tool.

A dual-functional rhodamine B and azo-salicylaldehyde derivative for the simultaneous detection of copper and hypochlorite: synthesis, biological applications and theoretical insights.

A multifunctional rhodamine derivative containing azo-salicylaldehyde (BBS) was designed and synthesized as a colorimetric and fluorescence turn-on probe for the selective detection of copper cations (Cu) and hypochlorite anions (OCl) in aqueous media. In the presence of Cu, the probe BBS exhibited turn-on absorption and fluorescence change at 554 nm and 585 nm, respectively. The binding mechanism of BBS with Cu induces the opening of a spirolactam ring in the rhodamine moiety by the formation of a metal-ligand complex, achieving 10-fold enhancement in fluorescence and quantum yield, along with a binding constant of 1 × 10 M and a detection limit of 2.

Search for the Z Boson Decay to ττμμ in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

The first search for the Z boson decay to ττμμ at the CERN LHC is presented, based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138  fb^{-1}. The data are compatible with the predicted background. For the first time, an upper limit at the 95% confidence level of 6.