Sequential administration of Prevnar 13™ and PNEUMOVAX™ 23 in healthy participants 50 years of age and older.

In most countries worldwide, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have been included in the infant immunization program, resulting in a significant reduction in the burden of pneumococcal disease in children and adults. Shifting serotype distribution due to the indirect effect of infant vaccination with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) may continue to increase the gap between 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and PCV13 serotype coverage for older adults in the coming years. This clinical study (V110-029; NCT02225587) evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of sequential administration of PCV13 followed approximately 8 weeks later, or approximately 26 weeks later, by PPSV23 in healthy adults ≥50 years of age.

Assessment of GeneXpert MTB/RIF Performance by Type and Level of Health-Care Facilities in Nigeria.

Setting: Nigeria adopted GeneXpert MTB Rif as a primary diagnostic tool were available and accessible since 2016. The current geographical coverage of GeneXpert machines by LGAs stands at 48%, with a varied access and utilization.

Objectives: To assess the association between the type and level of health facilities implementing GeneXpert MTB/Rif and performance outcome of the machines in Nigeria.

Unsuccessful Xpert MTB/RIF results: the Nigerian experience.

Nigeria, a high tuberculosis (TB) burden country. To study the rate, distribution and causes of unsuccessful Xpert MTB/RIF test outcomes, with the aim of identifying key areas that need to be strengthened for optimal performance of the assay. This was a retrospective analysis of data uploaded between January and December 2015 from Xpert facilities to the central server using GXAlert.

An investigation of the patterns and outcomes of Electroencephalographic (EEG) recording requests in the management of neuropsychiatric disorders in a teaching Hospital in Nigeria.

Objective: To evaluate the relevance of Electroencephalography (EEG) in the management of various neuropsychiatric conditions in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin.

Background: EEG is still relevant in the diagnosis and management of patients with seizure disorders and extends to other neuropsychiatric conditions. However, very few studies have examined the use of EEG in developing countries, including Nigeria.

Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Potential of Two Nigerian Bitter Yams Using a Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion Model and Conventional Extraction.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of yellow and white bitter yams from South Western Nigeria using methanolic extraction and simulated gastrointestinal digestion models. The phenolic compounds in the bitter yam varieties were evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The total phenolic content of the bitter yams was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, reductive potential by assessing the ability of the bitter yam to reduce FeCl solution, and the antioxidant activities were determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging activity, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS) scavenging activity, nitric oxide radical (NO) scavenging ability, hydroxyl radical scavenging ability, and ability to inhibit Fe-induced lipid oxidation.

Self-reported sleep parameters among secondary school teenagers in middle-belt Nigeria.

Background: Available evidences seem to suggest increasing trend in sleep deficit among teenagers worldwide, and there is limited information on this among Nigerian teenagers. This study was carried out to determine the basic sleep schedule and sleep duration among schooling teenagers in Ilorin, Nigeria.

Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 20 selected public secondary schools in Ilorin, Nigeria.

Sero-prevalence of hepatitis B and C among mentally ill patients attending a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Background: Mentally ill persons are vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections including hepatitis B and C because of their high level risky behaviors. This study is aimed at establishing the sero-prevalence of hepatitis B and C among the mentally ill individuals (MII) attending psychiatric clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Nigeria since it has not been documented.

Methods: A total of 350 MII were recruited.

Prevalence and clinical implications of psychopathology in adults with epilepsy seen in an outpatient clinic in Nigeria.

Background: The psychopathological and clinical characteristics of adult patients with epilepsy attending our neurology clinic were evaluated to determine prevalence of psychopathology and its associated factors towards improving services and initiating collaborative care which is currently nonexistent.

Methods: The study was a two-stage procedure conducted over 1 year using the General Health Questionnaire in the first stage and Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry in the second stage. Diagnosis of psychiatric disorders was based on International Classification of Diseases: 10th Revision criteria.

RISK FACTORS AND SERO-PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN AMONG BLOOD DONORS IN UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN TEACHING HOSPITAL, ILORIN, NIGERIA.

Background: Availability of safe blood and blood products for transfusion is increasingly difficult globally, especially in developing countries because of high prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HBsAg among blood donors and to evaluate the socio-economic, demographic and medical factors associated with its infection.

Design: A prospective study.

Psychiatric morbidity in stroke patients attending a neurology clinic in Nigeria.

Back Ground: Stroke produces a wide range of mental and emotional disorders. Neuropsychiatric complications associated with stroke may have negative effects on the social functioning, overall quality of life and the recovery of motor functioning of stroke survivors.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and nature of psychiatric morbidity among stroke patients attending neurology outpatient clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin-Nigeria.

Sero-prevalence of syphilis among patients with mental illness: comparison with blood donors.

Background: Mentally ill individuals (MII) are at risk of acquiring syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections. This study aimed at determining sero-prevalence of syphilis among MII and compare them with voluntary blood donors (VBD) at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional study done between June, 2010 and June 2011, and involving 350 each of VBDs and MII in and out-patients of UITH.

The correlates of stress, coping styles and psychiatric morbidity in the first year of medical education at a Nigerian University.

Objectives: This study was prompted by the heightened concerns about the stress inherent in medical education evident from the incessant requests for suspension of studies due to psychological problems. The objectives of the study were to: (i) survey the students for possible psychological problems at admission, and follow them up till exit for possible changes in morbidity, and (ii) ascertain possible risk factors, and coping strategies.

Method: This is a preliminary 2-stage cross-sectional report, which is part of a longitudinal survey.

Alcohol-related disorders among medical and surgical in-patients in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

Background/objectives: Alcohol use disorders exist in a high proportion of hospitalized patients and this often complicates patient management, but a large proportion of them still go unrecognized by the managing clinicians. The objective was to provide data on the proportion of inpatients 18 years and above with alcohol-related disorders, and ability of the managing clinicians to detect these disorders.

Materials And Methods: Alcohol use disorders were assessed in 339 consecutive patients admitted into medical and surgical wards of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin, using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders (SCID) -- Alcohol module, for a period of 5 months.

PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITY IN A NIGERIAN NEUROLOGY CLINIC.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and nature of psychiatric morbidity among patients attending a neurology outpatient clinic.

Design: A two-stage screening procedure with General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) was used to assess psychological disorders over a one year period. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on ICD-10 criteria.

Predictors of psychiatric readmissions to the psychiatric unit of a tertiary health facility in a Nigerian city - a 5-year study.

Objective: Little is known about predictors of readmission of psychiatric patients in the study environment. Knowledge of this, we believe could aid effective management of psychiatric patients, as well as judicious and equitable utilization of the limited mental health facilities in the North-central zone. The aim was to identify factors that may be predictive of readmissions to an in-patient psychiatric facility of a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital.

Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among inmates of a borstal institution in Nigeria.

Studies have reported increased psychiatric morbidity among young detainees, with as many as three-quarters reported to have one or more psychiatric disorders. Despite this, however, there is a dearth of published work among young inmates of prisons, remand homes or borstal institutions in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to assess possible psychiatric morbidity among young inmates of a borstal institution in Nigeria and to determine the factors that may be associated with this morbidity.

Consultation-liaison psychiatry: the past and the present.

Consultation-liaison (C-L) psychiatry a subspecialty in psychiatry is referred to as the guardian of the psychological and holistic approach to patient. It has been undergoing rapid changes especially in the developed countries but its practice is strongly affected by stigma and negative attitude by professional colleagues. In this review, it is recommended that C-L psychiatry must not be restricted to conspicuous acute psychiatric disorders alone but must have impact across the whole of medical care.

A prospective analysis of in-patient consultation-liaison psychiatry in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

Objectives: To determine the pattern of psychiatric referrals over a six-month period categorise the psychiatric referrals into clinical syndromes and describe the nature of psychiatric intervention and outcome of such intervention on discharge and within the first three months after discharge.

Design: A descriptive prospective study.

Setting: University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin Nigeria.

Genetic and culture-based approaches for detecting macrolide resistance in Chlamydia pneumoniae.

Three clinical Chlamydia pneumoniae isolates for which the MIC of azithromycin increased after treatment were investigated for genetic evidence of macrolide resistance. Attempts to induce antibiotic resistance in vitro were made. No genetic mechanism was identified for the phenotypic change in these C.