Gridded drought response assessment of winter wheat in Oklahoma using big data and AquaCrop-OS.

Winter wheat is the most dominant crop in Oklahoma and critically important to the economy of agricultural industry in this state and the region. However, weather anomalies such as droughts, which are frequent in Oklahoma, pose serious threats to winter wheat yield. This study was conducted to assess the effects of droughts on the simulated yield of dryland winter wheat (Y) in Oklahoma employing a gridded approach with the AquaCrop Open Source (AquaCrop-OS).

Critical Psychiatry Debates; A Neglected Tool in Undergraduate Medical Education.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Healthcare professionals must adapt to everyday clinical controversies using their critical thinking and communication skills.

Teaching psychiatry to medical students in the time of COVID-19: experiences from UK medical schools.

Aims And Method: Education leads for undergraduate psychiatry in UK medical schools completed questionnaires on adaptations made to undergraduate psychiatry education, their impact and what lessons could be learnt for the future.

Results: Respondents from 24 medical schools across the UK reported a major shift to online teaching delivery, with reduced workplace learning and increased use of teleconferencing, online tasks and self-directed learning. Changes were implemented with some faculty training provided, but little additional funding or resources from medical schools or National Health Service trusts.

Developing a science-based policy network over the Upper Indus Basin.

The Upper Indus Basin's (UIB) unique geographical positioning and its ecosystem contributions to the downstream basin in the form of water and energy are of critical importance. UIB is also among the most vulnerable water towers in the world vis-a-vis climate as well as a host of environmental and socio-economic changes. The paucity of ground observations and their associated unknowns make it imperative to study and highlight the grey areas for attention and action by policy planners and basin government and management at different levels in order to improve the management and the governance structures for better water resource management.

Curcumin inhibits lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and production of PGE in the primary bubaline endometrial stromal cells.

Infection of the uterus with Gram-positive Trueperella pyogenes and Gram-negative Escherichia coli is a common cause of postpartum endometritis in the cattle and buffalo and the condition is treated with antimicrobial drugs. The presence of drug residues in the milk and development of resistant bacteria necessitate the evaluation of alternate therapies for endometritis. Accordingly, we tested the immunomodulatory effect of curcumin in the bubaline endometrial stromal cells after treatment with the lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative E.

Immunomodulatory effect of curcumin on lipopolysaccharide- and/or flagellin-induced production of prostaglandin E2 and relative expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the primary bubaline endometrial stromal cells.

Developing alternate therapies for bovine endometritis is important in the context of drug residues in the milk and emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. In this regard, we studied the immunomodulatory effect of curcumin 30 µM, on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) and/or flagellin (100 ng/ml each)-induced prostaglandin E (PGE ) and proinflammatory cytokines (PIC) using primary bubaline endometrial stromal cells. After 24 hr treatment, the supernatant was assayed for PGE while cells were used for relative quantification of cytokines like IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF α transcripts using a control group as calibrator.

Evaluation of two bovine SNP genotyping arrays for breed clustering and stratification analysis in well-known and breeds.

The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of two Bovine SNP genotyping arrays (i.e., 50 K and HD) for breed clustering and stratification related studies in and breeds.

What drives changes in institutionalised mental health care? A qualitative study of the perspectives of professional experts.

Background: Since 1990, the provision of mental healthcare has changed substantially across Western Europe. There are fewer psychiatric hospital beds and more places in forensic psychiatric hospitals and residential facilities. However, little research has investigated the drivers behind these changes.

Degradation and conversion of endosulfan by newly isolated Pseudomonas mendocina ZAM1 strain.

Endosulfan contamination is one of the major concerns of soil ecosystem, which causes detrimental effects not only to humans but also to animals and plants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and identify a novel bacterial strain capable of degrading endosulfan in agriculture contaminated soils. A novel bacterial strain was isolated from the sugarcane field contaminated with endosulfan, and was named as ZAM1 strain.

BASH: badmouthing, attitudes and stigmatisation in healthcare as experienced by medical students.

Aims and method We used an online questionnaire to investigate medical students' perceptions of the apparent hierarchy between specialties, whether they have witnessed disparaging comments ('badmouthing' or 'bashing') against other specialists and whether this has had an effect on their career choice. Results In total, 960 students from 13 medical schools completed the questionnaire; they ranked medical specialties according to the level of badmouthing and answered questions on their experience of specialty bashing. Psychiatry and general practice attracted the greatest number of negative comments, which were made by academic staff, doctors and students.

The PsychSimCentre: teaching out-of-hours psychiatry to non-psychiatrists.

Background: Junior doctors have limited experience in psychiatry before starting their training placements. The out-of-hours setting offers specific challenges, and trainees are expected to cope despite being underprepared. We hyphothesised that simulation-based training would increase trainees' competence and confidence in approaching high-risk out-of-hours scenarios.

Explanations of illness experiences among community mental health patients: an argument for the use of an ethnographic interview method in routine clinical care.

Cultural variations in perceptions of mental distress are important issues for healthcare. They can affect communication between patients and professionals and may be a root cause for misdiagnosis, patient disengagement, and disparities in access, outcomes and overall experiences of treatment by patients. Taking into account patients' explanatory models (EMs) of mental distress is fundamental to patient-centred care, and improved outcomes.

A cultural consultation service in East London: experiences and outcomes from implementation of an innovative service.

This paper reports on a feasibility study and evaluation of a new type of cultural consultation service (CCS). This multi-component and systemic complex intervention was offered over 18 months to specialist mental health providers in one of the poorest regions of the UK. The service received 900 clinically related contacts and 99 in-depth consultations.

Using a cultural formulation for assessment of homicide in forensic psychiatry in the UK.

Healthcare inequalities for black and minority ethnic (BME) patients in forensic mental health services in the UK are stark. Despite the level of attention given to this over the last 15 years there has been little progress to address disparities. There is a great deal of confusion over what is understood by culture, and what aspects of culture signal specific needs of BME patients.

Timeliness of second opinion appointed doctors' assessments of treatment plans for patients detained in medium security hospitals in London, UK.

Background: Mental health legislation in England & Wales requires assessment by a second opinion appointed doctor (SOAD) to safeguard the rights of patients detained in a hospital under this law if they are either refusing certain treatments or are deemed incapable of consenting to them.

Aims: Our aim was to evaluate timeliness of SOAD assessments.

Method: Data were collected from the Mental Health Act administrator on all SOAD requests in 1 year for all in-patients in two English medium security hospital units.