Outcome of Obstructing vs Nonobstructing Colorectal Carcinomas: Comparative Study at Tertiary Care Hospital in Kashmir.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the commonly diagnosed malignancy presenting either in obstruction or without obstruction. Bowel obstruction (BO) is usually a complication of advanced cancer, significantly reducing the quality of life. We aimed to study the outcomes of these obstructed colorectal cancers requiring emergency intervention and compare it with nonobstructed cancers.

Jejunogastric Intussusception: A Rare Case Report Study.

Unlabelled: Jejunogastric intussusception (JGI) is a rare, potentially fatal complication of gastrojejunostomy following any gastric resection or gastric bypass surgery. Very less no of cases have been reported to date in the literature, with a very low incidence of <0.1%.

Validation of Urdu Version of the Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) Score.

Unlabelled: Patients subjected to low anterior resection for rectal cancers experience a constellation of symptoms of disordered bowel function which leads to a detriment in the quality of life. The LAR syndrome (LARS) score is a self-administered questionnaire to identify and assess disordered bowel function after resective surgery. The objective of this study was to validate the Urdu version of the LARS score.

, causing wilt disease of chili ( L.) in Northern Himalayas: A first report.

In August 2020 chili (Capsicum annuum L.) showing wilt symptoms were collected from different districts of the Kashmir: Pulwama, Srinagar, Baramulla, and Anantnag. From each district one location was selected for sample collection and a total of 23 chili isolates were isolated.

Subdues Cytokine Signaling to Alter Mucosal Inflammation Hypermethylation of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Gene During Gastric Carcinogenesis.

infection has been associated with the onset of gastric mucosal inflammation and is known to perturb the balance between T-regulatory (Treg) and T-helper 17 (Th17) cells which causes a spurt of interleukin 17 (IL17) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) from Th17 and Treg cells within the gastric milieu. IL17 instigates a surge of interleukin 6 (IL6) from T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) cells. Further, infection is known to stimulate the atypical DNA methylation in gastric mucosa.

A Comparison between Silent and Symptomatic Renal Stones in Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Nephrolithiasis is a common complication of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), and in a subgroup of patients stones are clinically silent. Patients with silent and symptomatic stones may differ biochemically. There is a scarcity of data available comparing patients with silent and symptomatic renal stones in PHPT.

Association of Protein Expression and Methylation of DAPK1 with Clinicopathological Features in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Patients from Kashmir.

Aims: Death-associated protein kinase-1 (DAPK1) is a pro-apoptotic Ser/Thr kinase that participates in cell apoptosis and tumor suppression. DAPK1 is frequently lost in many different tumor types including breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the promoter methylation status of DAPK1 and a possible correlation with the expression of DAPK1 and standard clinicopathological features in invasive ductal breast carcinoma patients (IDC).

Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Monitoring in Guiding Adequate Parathyroidectomy.

Background: Parathyroidectomy has been traditionally performed through bilateral neck exploration (BNE). However, with the use of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) assay along with preoperative localization studies, focused parathyroidectomy can be performed with good surgical success rate, multiglandular disease can be predicted, and hence recurrence and surgical failure can be prevented. Furthermore, it predicts eucalcemia in the postoperative period.

Significant Pattern of Promoter Hypermethylation of UNC5C Gene in Colorectal Cancer and Its Implication in Late Stage Disease.

Background:The development of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a complex multistep process involving an accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation in selected gene are recognized as common molecular alterations in human tumors. Netrin-1 receptors are aberrantly methylated in primary colorectal cancer.

Sero-epidemiological survey of human cystic echinococcosis in Kashmir, North India.

Background: Echinococcosis is a human and animal health problem in many endemic areas worldwide. There are numerous reports and hospital-based studies from Kashmir, North India, yet there has been no epidemiological study conducted in Kashmir, the apparently endemic area for human hydatidosis. This study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of hydatid infection in Kashmir Valley and to find out association of risk factors for acquisition of this infection.

Protein expression and methylation of MGMT, a DNA repair gene and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation are being increasingly recognized to play an important role in cancer and may serve as a cancer biomarker. The aim of this study was to evaluate the promoter methylation status of MGMT (O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase) and a possible correlation with the expression of MGMT and standard clinicopathological parameters in invasive ductal breast carcinoma patients (IDC) of Kashmir. Methylation-specific PCR was carried out to investigate the promoter methylation status of MGMT in breast tumors paired with the corresponding normal tissue samples from 128 breast cancer patients.

Loss of expression and aberrant methylation of the CDH1 (E-cadherin) gene in breast cancer patients from Kashmir.

Background: Aberrant promoter hypermethylation has been recognized in human breast carcinogenesis as a frequent molecular alteration associated with the loss of expression of a number of key regulatory genes and may serve as a biomarker. The E-cadherin gene (CDH1), mapping at chromosome 16q22, is an intercellular adhesion molecule in epithelial cells, which plays an important role in establishing and maintaining intercellular connections. The aim of our study was to assess the methylation pattern of CDH1 and to correlate it with the expression of E-cadherin, clinicopathological parameters and hormone receptor status in breast cancer patients of Kashmir.

Drainage vs no drainage in secondary peritonitis with sepsis following complicated appendicitis in adults in the modern era of antibiotics.

Aim: To compare the profile of postoperative outcome in secondary peritonitis with sepsis due to complicated appendicitis in two cohorts (drainage vs no-drainage) after appendicectomy in adults in the modern era of effective antibiotics.

Methods: A retrospective review of all adult patients who were operated for secondary peritonitis with sepsis due to complicated appendicitis was carried out. Total of 209 patients were identified from May 2005 to April 2009 with operative findings of gangrenous or perforated appendix.

Ulcerative colitis: a challenge to surgeons.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease that specifically affects the mucosa of the rectum and colon. Although the etiology of this recurring inflammatory disorder remains essentially unknown, there have been significant advances in identifying the likely genetic and environmental factors that contribute to its pathogenesis. The clinical course of the disease typically manifests with remissions and exacerbations characterized by rectal bleeding and diarrhea.

Pellet gunfire injuries among agitated mobs in Kashmir.

Background: Pellet gunfire injuries inflicted while controlling agitated mobs has been studied.

Methods: A total of 198 patients admitted to the Accident and Emergency Department with pellet gun injuries were studied in terms of anatomic site, severity and type of injury, treatment, and outcomes.

Results: 72.

Evaluating conservative treatment for acute appendicitis with lump formation.

Background: Interval appendectomy after acute appendicitis with lump formation (phlegmon) remains controversial. We conducted this study to determine the risk of recurrent appendicitis following initial non-operative treatment for appendicitis, and evaluate factors associated with recurrence. Secondarily, we evaluate the efficacy of interval appendectomy versus no appendectomy.

Long-term results of choledochoduodenostomy in benign biliary obstruction.

Aim: To determine the long-term results of choledochodudenostomy in patients with benign billiary obstruction.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar Kashmir, India over a period of 10 years from January 1997 to December 2007. The total number of patients who underwent choledochoduodenostomy during this period was 270.

Atypical localizations of hydatid disease: experience from a single institute.

Introduction: The hydatid disease most often involves the liver and the lungs. The disease can involve any part of the body except the hair, teeth and nails. Primary extrahepatico-pulmonary hydatid cysts are rare and only a few sporadic cases have been reported.

Evaluating a conservative approach to managing liver injuries in Kashmir, India.

Aim: There has been a steep rise in incidence of liver injury in the past few years because of increase in incidence of road traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of non-operative management of liver injury due to blunt abdominal trauma.

Materials And Methods: All patients with liver injury from blunt trauma abdomen were studied between January 2000 and January 2010.

Brunner's gland hyperplasia: an unusual cause of gastrointestinal bleeding.

A case of Brunner's gland hyperplasia presenting as gastrointestinal bleeding is reported herein. A 40-year-old male presented to our hospital with features of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient had a history of passing black tarry stools for the last two days.

Association of dyslipidaemia with cholilithiasis and effect of cholecystectomy on the same.

Background: The association between gallstones and abnormal lipids and later increase in risk of coronary artery disease and stroke has been shown in many studies. The aim of study is to elucidate the association of dyslipidaemia with Cholilithiasis and effect of Cholecystectomy on the same.

Methods: 73 patients with symptomatic gallstones were studied prospectively.

Role of albendazole in the management of hydatid cyst liver.

Background/aim: Hydatidosis has a worldwide distribution and the liver is the most common organ involved. Hydatid cysts of the liver can be managed either by nonoperative or operative methods. Nonoperative methods include chemotherapy and percutaneous treatment.

Breast gangrene.

Background: Breast gangrene is rare in surgical practice. Gangrene of breast can be idiopathic or secondary to some causative factor. Antibiotics and debridement are used for management.

Primary splenic hydatidosis.

Primary extrahepatic hydatid cysts are rare, and primary splenic hydatid cysts even more so, constituting 2% to 3.5% of all hydatid cysts. We report here a case series of isolated splenic hydatid cysts.

Papillary carcinoma thyroid with metastasis to ectopic cervical thymus.

Papillary carcinoma of thyroid is the most common type of thyroid neoplasm which is usually confined to the thyroid and tends to metastasize to regional lymph nodes. Distant metastasis occur in up to 15% of cases. Thymic metastasis from any malignant carcinoma is extremely rare with only four cases reported in medical literature.