Gastroprotective mechanism of on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in Wistar rats inflammatory, antioxidant, and H/K-ATPase inhibition-mediated pathways.

The increase in the incidence of gastric ulcer (GU) has posed major threat on public health. This research aimed to evaluate gastroprotective properties of the aqueous leaf extract of (AETT) in ethanol-induced gastric ulceration. GU was induced oral administration of single dose of 5 mLkg of 90% ethanol in rats and protection of 200 mgkg bw of AETT and 20 mgkg bw of omeprazole was investigated for 14 d oral treatment.

Determinants/Predictors of QT Abnormalities in Patients on Psychotropic Medications in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.

Cardiovascular disease is a major global burden and a leading cause of premature death among patients with severe mental illness. Over time, research and clinical practice have paid increased attention to the impact of psychiatric medications on cardiac repolarization. In a resource-limited setting, it is common for psychotropic medications to be initiated and maintained in an outpatient setting without baseline or follow up ECG.

Female labour participation and infant mortality in Nigeria: implication for the sustainable development goal 3.

Over the time, link between female labour participation and infant mortality has become a subject of debate among scholars and policymakers in developing countries. This subject becomes more critical for a country like Nigeria where there is a persistent challenge to attain minimal global infant mortality rates by 2030, and where over 47% of female working population is unemployed. Against this background, this study utilizes fully modified ordinary least squares to estimate the relationship between female labour participation and infant mortality in Nigeria.

The Addition of Systemic Terbinafine to Antifungal Combination Therapy in the Treatment of Disseminated Drug-Resistant Mold Infections in a National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center: A Six-Year Study.

Introduction Combination antifungal regimens are frequently employed in the treatment of invasive fungal infections in patients who are immunocompromised, particularly for cancer and transplant patients. Terbinafine is a potential agent of interest for combination regimens. Methods We reviewed data over a six-year period examining patient outcomes in terms of both mortality and distribution of pathogens.

The Use of Intralipid Infusions in the Prevention of Embryo Implantation Failure.

Intralipids have been suggested to suppress uterine natural killer cell activity, which could potentially improve implantation rates in women with recurrent loss. We report a case of a 41-year-old African woman with recurrent pregnancy loss who had elevated uterine killer cell activity and for whom intralipid infusion was used to achieve pregnancy. We recommend routine uterine natural killer cell testing for women with recurrent pregnancy loss and further research on newer intravenous lipid emulsions in fertility medicine.

Association between Alanine Aminotransferase, Hypertension and Obesity in Nigerians.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is associated with hypertension and obesity.

Objectives: To determine the association between ALT within the reference range with hypertension and obesity.

Prevalence of Cytopenia and its Correlation with Immunosuppression in Naïve HIV-1 Infected Patients Initiating First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy: A Pilot Study.

Background: Cytopenias serve as common indicators and crucial predictive tools for evaluating disease progression and therapeutic outcomes in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cytopenias and their correlation with the level of immunosuppression in treatment-naive HIV-infected participants after initiating highly active combined antiretroviral drug therapy (cART24).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study focused on evaluating cytopenia in 44 treatment-naive HIV-infected patients who consented to initiate cART and were consecutively enrolled.

VAGINALIS INFECTION AMONG ASYMPTOMATIC UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN A PRIVATE UNIVERSITY IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA.

Background: is one of the common non- viral sexually transmitted infections that infect both men and women worldwide. It is largely asymptomatic and its association with the risk of HIV transmission has made it a compelling public health concern. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with among asymptomatic undergraduate students at Babcock University, Ilisan-Remo, Ogun state, Nigeria.

Hepatitis C Treatment in Persons Who Inject Drugs in a Medication Assisted Treatment Program: A Retrospective Review of an Integrated Model.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common among persons who inject drugs (PWID), mostly due to needle sharing. The number of new cases in PWID are steadily increasing despite the availability of effective treatments. The objective of this model is to increase uptake and compliance with HCV treatment.

COVID-19 Pandemic- Ethical Challenges for Healthcare Workers Practicing in Resource-Limited Settings.

In this review, the ethical issues peculiar to the COVID-19 pandemics and the role of healthcare workers, especially those in resource-limited settings are x-rayed. We contend that there is a pressing ethical issue that needs urgent clarification on the rights and responsibilities of healthcare workers, especially in the current context of COVID-19 pandemic preparedness and responsiveness. We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google Scholar, PUBMED related articles, newspaper articles, and online news sources for relevant information.

Nitric oxide-inhibited chloride transport in cortical thick ascending limbs is reversed by 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α.

Background: Sodium chloride (NaCl) reabsorption in the cortical thick ascending limb (cTAL) is regulated by opposing effects. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibits NaCl reabsorption while 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) stimulates it. Their interaction has not been evaluated in the cTAL.

Postmortem mitochondrial membrane permeability transition assessment of apoptotic cell death in brain and liver of insulin resistant, ovariectomised rats.

The adverse alterations in mitochondrial functions can affect neuronal function negatively, as they play a crucial role in neuronal plasticity and death. Direct measurements of mitochondrial activity, including membrane potential and ATP production, are not easily achieved in post-mortem brain and liver samples because most organ functions cease to work after death; in fact, with increasing post-mortem intervals (PMI), the brain and liver tissues deteriorate rapidly. Standard procedures of mitochondria isolation, protein determination expressed as BSA equivalent, and spectrophotometric assessment of pore opening at 540 nm were employed.

Emergency department screening for latent tuberculosis infection.

Objective: Approximately 12.4 million people in the U.S.

Association between metabolic syndrome and healthcare work status in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Introduction: metabolic syndrome portends an increased risk of cardiovascular events and death. Evidence showed that healthcare workers are at higher risk of cardiovascular events because of their engagement in night-shift work. Therefore, this study determined the association between metabolic syndrome and healthcare work status in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Early hearing threshold changes and peculiarities of audiometric assessments among patients in a drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment center.

Background: Hearing threshold changes occurred relative to baseline at both one and two weeks after onset of aminoglycoside therapy.

Objectives: To assess changes in audiometric hearing thresholds between pre-treatment values and two weeks into therapy. To document observed changes, and occurrence of ototoxicity within the period.

Plasma Lipids and CD4 Count of Newly Diagnosed HIV Sero-Positive Patients at Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.

Introduction: The pathogenesis of HIV has been linked to the affectation of a number of CD4 positive T cells upon which the severity of the disease is graded. Patients who present with complications such as disorders of lipid metabolism may be missed if appropriate laboratory investigations are not done. Dyslipidemia is a common phenomenon in patients with HIV infection.

Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Related Parameters Predicted Metabolic Syndrome in Nigerians.

Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a product of triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose, is a novel tool that can identify people with metabolic syndrome (MS). It is unknown if TyG index can identify MS among Nigerians. Cross-sectional health screening conducted between August and December 2018, among staff and students of Ekiti State University/Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, Ado-Ekiti.

Knowledge and Prevalence of Heart Disease Risk Factors Among Staff of a Tertiary Institution in Nigeria.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of mortality worldwide. Hence, awareness of cardiovascular risk factors is an essential step towards effective reduction of the disease burden. This study determined the knowledge and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among Staff of Ekiti State University.

Serum uric acid and left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients in Ado-Ekiti.

Introduction: systemic hypertension is a foremost risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Its actions are manifested on organs like the brain, heart and kidneys. High serum uric acid (SUA) escalates cardiovascular vulnerability in patients with systemic hypertension.

A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants.

Despite the frightening mortality rate associated with COVID-19, there is no known approved drug to effectively combat the pandemic. COVID-19 clinical manifestations include fever, fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, and other complications. At present, there is no known effective treatment or vaccine that can mitigate/inhibit SARS-CoV-2.

Assessing Implementation of Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response in Rwanda.

Maternal deaths remain a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries. Implementation of maternal and perinatal deaths surveillance and response (MPDSR) is vital to reduce preventable deaths. The study aimed to assess implementation of MPDSR in Rwanda.

Serum Uric Acid Predicts Antihypertensive Medication Adherence in Nigeria: A Hospital Based Study.

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Optimum adherence to medication is still a perplexing matter for hypertensive patients in Nigeria and serum markers use as predictor for medication adherence has not been conclusive.

Aim: To define the level of antihypertensive medication adherence, its possible correlation with serum uric acid (SUA) levels and other predictors of antihypertensive medication adherence among Nigerian patients.

Congenital heart disease in school children in Lagos, Nigeria: Prevalence and the diagnostic gap.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) in low-and-middle income countries (LMIC) is often characterized by late presentation resulting from inadequate screening and healthcare access in these regions. Accurate estimates of the burden of CHD among school children are often lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of CHD among school children in two communities (urban and semi-urban) in south western Nigeria.

Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents salt sensitivity in diabetic rats and decreases oxidative stress.

Objectives: Salt sensitivity (SS) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM) due to an increase in renal oxidation. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have shown antioxidant effects, but a typical Western diet contains limited content. In particular, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are able to activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) to prevent diabetes mellitus-related complications by mitigating oxidative stress.

Echocardiographic screening of 4107 Nigerian school children for rheumatic heart disease.

Objective: Echocardiographic screening for Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) in Africa has revealed prevalence rates in the range of 0.5-7.4%.