Design improvements to enhance mechanical performance of a locking compression plate as a biodegradable implant plate: a finite element analysis.

Mg alloy is one of the most suitable biodegradable materials for making modern LCP. This is due to the osseointegration property, low elastic modulus, the presence in the human bone, and the excellent biodegradable nature. But it lacks much-needed strength compared to conventional (Ti, SS alloys) implants due to low strength of biodegradable (Mg, Zn alloys) materials.

A seed-specific DNA-binding with One Finger transcription factor, RPBF, positively regulates galactinol synthase to maintain seed vigour in rice.

Seed vigour and longevity are intricate yet indispensable physiological traits for agricultural crops, as they play a crucial role in facilitating the successful emergence of seedlings and exert a substantial influence on crop productivity. Transcriptional regulation plays an important role in seed development, maturation, and desiccation tolerance, which are important attributes for seed vigour and longevity. Here, we have investigated the regulatory role of the seed-specific DNA-binding with One Finger (DOF) transcription factor and the rice prolamin box binding factor (RPBF) in seed vigour.

Jasmonates Regulate Auxin-Mediated Root Growth Inhibition in Response to Rhizospheric pH in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Rhizospheric pH, an important environmental cue, severely impacts plant growth and fitness, therefore, has emerged as a major determinant of crop productivity. Despite numerous attempts, the key questions related to plants response against rhizospheric pH remains largely elusive. The present study provides a mechanistic framework for rhizospheric pH-mediated root growth inhibition (RGI).

Liraglutide innovations: a comprehensive review of patents (2014-2024).

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complicated long-term disorder associated with metabolism that is identified by insulin resistance, imbalance in glucose regulation and reduced secretion of insulin. GLP-1(Glucagon-like peptide-1) is an incretin mimetic that has excellent effects on the regulation of blood glucose levels and also the management of disorders associated with vital organs. GLP-1 agonist is an effective class of drug for the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus and associated complications.

Torsemide in the Management of Essential Hypertension.

Torsemide, a loop diuretic, is increasingly recognized for its role in managing essential hypertension. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the ascending loop of Henle in the kidneys. By doing so, torsemide promotes diuresis, which refers to increased urine production, and subsequently lowers blood pressure.

Jasmonate signaling modulates root growth by suppressing iron accumulation during ammonium stress.

Plants adapt to changing environmental conditions by adjusting their growth physiology. Nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) are the major inorganic nitrogen forms for plant uptake. However, high NH4+ inhibits plant growth, and roots undergo striking changes, such as inhibition of cell expansion and division, leading to reduced root elongation.

Biofortification of Triticum species: a stepping stone to combat malnutrition.

Background: Biofortification represents a promising and sustainable strategy for mitigating global nutrient deficiencies. However, its successful implementation poses significant challenges. Among staple crops, wheat emerges as a prime candidate to address these nutritional gaps.

SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Stimulates Macropinocytosis in Murine and Human Macrophages via PKC-NADPH Oxidase Signaling.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While recent studies have demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 may enter kidney and colon epithelial cells by inducing receptor-independent macropinocytosis, it remains unknown whether this process also occurs in cell types directly relevant to SARS-CoV-2-associated lung pneumonia, such as alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages. The goal of our study was to investigate the ability of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein subunits to stimulate macropinocytosis in human alveolar epithelial cells and primary human and murine macrophages.

A Dual Therapeutic Approach to Diabetes Mellitus via Bioactive Phytochemicals Found in a Poly Herbal Extract by Restoration of Favorable Gut Flora and Related Short-Chain Fatty Acids.

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic and endocrine condition, poses a serious threat to human health and longevity. The emerging role of gut microbiome associated with bioactive compounds has recently created a new hope for DM treatment. UHPLC-HRMS methods were used to identify these compounds in a poly herbal ethanolic extract (PHE).

Child Marriage and Cardiovascular Risk: An Application of the Non-laboratory Framingham Risk Score.

Introduction: Child marriage, defined as marriage before the age of 18 years, is a precocious transition from adolescence to adulthood, which may take a long-term toll on health.

Aim: This study aims to assess whether child marriage was associated with added risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in a nationally representative sample of Indian adults.

Methods: Applying the non-laboratory-based Framingham algorithm to data on 336,953 women aged 30-49 years and 49,617 men aged 30-54 years, we estimated individual's predicted heart age (PHA).

SOD-GIF-FIT module controls plant organ size and iron uptake.

Plant organ growth is controlled by various internal and external cues. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that coordinate plant organ growth and nutrient homeostasis remain largely unknown. Recently, Zheng et al.

COVID-19 and health care-related financial toxicity in the United States: Evidence from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey.

Background: Despite the common perception of the socioeconomic burden of the COVID-19 pandemic, quantification of the relationship between COVID-19 and indicators of health care-related financial toxicity in the general population has been limited. This study aimed to provide estimates of these relationships in a nationally representative sample of the US adult population.

Methods: Using the data on 27,480 adults from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey, we fitted multivariable logistic regression models to assess the differential risks of financial toxicity as manifested by the financial hardship in paying medical bills, delayed and forgone medical care, and medication nonadherence, by COVID-19 diagnosis, severity, and duration of symptoms.

Enhanced ethanol production using hydrophobic resin detoxified Pine forest litter hydrolysate and integrated fermentation process development supplementing molasses.

Globally escalating ethanol demand necessitates the use of hybrid technologies integrating first- and second-generation biofuel feedstocks for achieving the futuristic targets of gasoline replacement with bioethanol. In present study, an optimized two-step sequential pre-treatment (first dilute alkali, then dilute acid) of Pine forest litter (PFL) was developed. Furthermore, the saccharification of pre-treated PFL was optimized through Response Surface Methodology using Box-Behnken Design, wherein 0.

Neflamapimod inhibits endothelial cell activation, adhesion molecule expression, leukocyte attachment and vascular inflammation by inhibiting p38 MAPKα and NF-κB signaling.

Neflamapimod, a selective inhibitor of the alpha isoform of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKα), was investigated for its potential to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation of endothelial cells (ECs), adhesion molecule induction, and subsequent leukocyte attachment to EC monolayers. These events are known to contribute to vascular inflammation and cardiovascular dysfunction. Our results demonstrate that LPS treatment of cultured ECs and rats leads to significant upregulation of adhesion molecules, both in vitro and in vivo, which can be effectively inhibited by neflamapimod treatment.

Finite element method-based simulation on bone fracture fixation configuration factors for biodegradable embossed locking compression plate.

As an evolution, biodegradable implants need to maximize mechanical performance thereby may lead to confusion in selection of the biodegradable material and implant design to the fracture site. This requires selecting a unique fixation configuration to fit within the fractured bone, factors of which can be bone-plate clearance, interfragmentary gap, alteration in screw fixation position and variation in the number of screws whose configuration optimization can re-maximize the mechanical performance of the biodegradable implant. Therefore, these factors have been optimized based on the induced minimum stress using the finite element method-based simulation for which biodegradable embossed locking plates (BELCP) screws made of Mg-alloy have been fitted over two fragments of femur body (as hollow cylindrical cortical bone).

ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 regulates BRUTUS and affects iron acquisition and homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for both plants and animals. Fe-limitation significantly reduces crop yield and adversely impacts on human nutrition. Owing to limited bioavailability of Fe in soil, plants have adapted different strategies that not only regulate Fe-uptake and homeostasis but also bring modifications in root system architecture to enhance survival.

One step surgical scene restoration for robot assisted minimally invasive surgery.

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) offers several advantages to patients including minimum blood loss and quick recovery time. However, lack of tactile or haptic feedback and poor visualization of the surgical site often result in some unintentional tissue damage. Visualization aspects further limits the collection of imaged frame contextual details, therefore the utility of computational methods such as tracking of tissue and tools, scene segmentation, and depth estimation are of paramount interest.

Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Studies, and Identification of Bioactive Compounds Using GC-MS of Ethanolic Novel Polyherbal Extract.

Hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes, which is a collection of related metabolic disorders. Over time, diabetes can cause a variety of problems, including cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Ethanolic novel polyherbal extract (PHE) was prepared by mixing equal amounts of the following ingredients: Terminalia chebula Retz.

History of Sex Work Is Associated with Increased Risk of Adverse Mental Health and Substance Use Outcomes in Transgender Adults.

Understanding factors influencing mental health and substance use in transgender and gender diverse people is critical to reducing disparities in this population. We sought to investigate whether a history of sex work was associated with increased prevalence of poor mental health, substance use, and a negative experience within drug and alcohol treatment facilities. We conducted a secondary analysis of the data of 25,204 transgender respondents of the 2015 United States Transgender Survey.

Child Marriage and Problems Accessing Healthcare in Adulthood: Evidence from India.

The association between child marriage and the access to or utilization of maternal and antenatal healthcare has been widely studied. However, little is known about child brides' access to healthcare for illnesses later in life. Using data on 496,283 married women aged 18 to 49 years from the India National Family and Health Survey 2015-2016, we developed an 11-point composite score (ranging from 0 to 10) outlining the extent of problems accessing healthcare, as follows: (i) no/little problem (score 0 to 2), (ii) some problems (score 3 to 6), and (iii) big problems (score 7 to 10).

Differentially reset transcriptomes and genome bias response orchestrate wheat response to phosphate deficiency.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for all organisms. Phosphate (Pi) deficiency reduces grain yield and quality in wheat. Understanding how wheat responds to Pi deficiency at the global transcriptional level remains limited.

Microstructure, Mechanical, In Vitro Biodegradation, and Antimicrobial Behavior of a Mg-Zn-Ca-Sr/ZrO Composite Prepared Using Powder Metallurgy.

Biodegradable materials, especially Mg alloys, have an exceptional advantage over nonbiodegradable materials in orthopedic applications, such as avoiding second surgery for removal/replacement, stress shielding, but not enough mechanical strength, and so forth. By further improving the Mg alloy to get all the remaining required properties, it can be used for better biodegradable implants, which depend adequately on material optimization, processing, and so forth. A Mg-Zn-Ca-Sr/ZrO composite has been prepared using powder metallurgy by adding 0, 1, 2, and 3 wt % of ZrO, which also contains Zn, Ca, and Sr as nutrient elements.