Mammary Analogue Secretory Carcinoma of Parotid - a Pathological Mystery.

Salivary gland neoplasms account for 3-6% of head and neck tumours. 70-80% of parotid tumours are benign in histopathology. FNAC has an overall accuracy of 95% in diagnosis of parotid neoplasms.

Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices Towards Cochlear Implantations Among Otorhinolaryngologists in India.

The outcome of the cochlear implant is dependent highly on the knowledge, belief and practice of cochlear implant in otolaryngologists who are among the important team members. The study explored the knowledge, beliefs, and practices towards cochlear implantations among otorhinolaryngologists in India. An online cross-sectional survey study was carried out using convenient sampling among otorhinolaryngologists in India.

Student perceptions towards online learning in medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study.

Background: This mixed-methods study was undertaken to ascertain undergraduate medical students' perceptions of remote learning following the COVID-19 restrictions. 545 students participated in this study.

Methods: Data was collected using a validated questionnaire and four focus group discussions.

Comparison of Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate with Bipolar Plasmakinetic Enucleation of the Prostate: A Randomized, Prospective Controlled Trial at Midterm Follow-Up.

To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) with bipolar plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate (BPEP) in the surgical management of obstructive benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) at midterm (minimum 3 years) follow-up. Between June 2016 and January 2018, 181 patients who had bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms or refractory retention of urine due to obstructive BPH (prostate 32-128 g) were randomized to undergo either HoLEP or BPEP using the technique. Patient's age, associated comorbidities, baseline International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximum flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual (PVR) urine, and quality of life (QoL) scores were comparable in both groups.

Interlay Cartilage Rim Augmented Fascia Tympanoplasty: An Effective Graft Model in Mucosal Chronic Otitis Media.

To study the efficacy of interlay cartilage rim augmented fascia tympanoplasty in mucosal chronic otitis media. A retrospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital including charts of patients spanning a duration of one year, where 15 patients diagnosed with chronic otitis media-mucosal disease with large and subtotal perforations (with or without ossicular erosion), and had undergone interlay cartilage rim augmented fascia tympanoplasty, were analysed for morphological and functional improvement following surgery. Pre- and post-operative otomicroscopic examination and pure tone audiometry findings were the parameters considered.

First branchial cleft anomaly extending to parapharyngeal space.

First branchial cleft anomalies are quite rare, and the majority of them are found in and around the ear canal, mostly superficial to the facial nerve. Very rarely, the anomalous tract of the first branchial cleft can go deeper to the facial nerve, necessitating a meticulous and extensive surgery. A 21-year-old student presented with slowly increasing cystic swelling in the infra-auricular region.

Videostroboscopy and Voice Profile in Long-Term Combination Inhaler Users With Obstructive Lower Airway Disease.

Objective: Dysphonia is one of the most common side effects of long-term inhaler therapy containing corticosteroids in asthma or asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap (ACO) patients. This common, often reversible side effect is due to the structural changes in the vocal folds resulting from steroid deposition. This study determines the structural changes and voice profile of patients on long-term inhaler therapy by videostroboscopy and perceptual voice profile analysis.

Impact of social media on the academic performance of undergraduate medical students.

Background: Social media has become an integral part in the life of every individual in the 21st century. Social media addiction in the younger age group is a major problem. The objective of this study was to find a correlation between academic performance and social media use.

Budesonide vs Saline Nasal Irrigation in Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Budesonide nasal irrigation is currently widely used in the treatment of chronic sinusitis typically following endoscopic sinus surgery to improve inflammatory control. Its application in treatment of allergic rhinitis has not been previously studied. This study assesses the subjective and clinical response to budesonide buffered hypertonic saline nasal irrigation and hypertonic saline nasal irrigation in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma - A Mimicker of Squamosal Otitis Media.

Introduction: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most frequently occurring intrusive soft tissue sarcoma in the pediatric age group. Orbit is the most common location for a pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma, but it can occur in the oral cavity, pharynx, face and neck in the descending order of incidence. Rhabdomyosarcoma in the ear is extremely rare.

Prevalence of HPV in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in South West India.

There are inconsistent reports regarding the role of HPV in the origin and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The observed heterogeneity was mainly attributed to the social and cultural habits of the enrolled cases, discrepancies in the nature of samples procured and varying sensitivity of the assays employed for detection of HPV. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of HPV in OSCC in South West India.

Vascular Strip Cholesteatoma-A Case Report.

Introduction: The incidence of cholesteatoma occurring as a result of tympanoplasty is extremely rare. Understanding the cause and preventing its occurrence in the future is the main intention of highlighting this peculiar presentation.

Case Report: A 25-year-old woman presented with progressive hearing loss and blocked sensation in the left ear of one and a half months duration.

Preoperative Staging of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas: Comparison of USG and CT with Intraoperative Findings and Histopathology.

To study the efficacy of USG and CECT in preoperative staging of differentiated thyroid carcinomas in comparison to the intraoperative and histopathological findings. A prospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over a period of one and a half years where USG and CECT of 23 subjects with histopathologically proven differentiated thyroid malignancy were analysed to study the characteristics of the primary tumour, lymphatic metastasis and evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the radiological investigations in comparison to the intra-operative and histopathological findings. When compared with intraoperative and histopathological T-staging, USG had an accuracy of 69.

Usual suspects: the foreign bodies of the aerodigestive tract.

This case series is about four different foreign bodies lodged in different locations of the aerodigestive tract. All four cases had delayed diagnosis due to inconspicuous history. Radiology in the form of computed tomography aided the appropriate diagnosis in most of these cases.

Ganglioneuroblastoma of Skull Base.

Neuroblastic tumours are common in childhood and adrenal glands are the most common site. Head and neck ganglioneuroblastomas are extremely rare and nose is a very uncommon site for a ganglioneuroblastoma. The management of this primitive sympathogonic tumour may vary depending on the age of the patient and stage of the tumour.

Recurrent angioleiomyoma of the middle turbinate.

We present a case of a middle-aged woman with a history of not only progressive nasal obstruction, facial pain, hyposmia and epistaxis, but also excision of the nasal mass diagnosed as a vascular leiomyoma. On examination, a smooth bulge was seen over the middle turbinate. Surgical excision along with histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed a diagnosis of recurrent vascular leiomyoma of the middle turbinate.

Neonatal lingual choristoma with thyroid hemiagenesis.

A 45-day-old infant presented with choking spells and cyanosis. Examination revealed a lingual cyst. Contrast-enhanced CT confirmed the diagnosis of lingual cyst with incidental thyroid hemiagenesis.

Intranasal lobular capillary haemangioma.

Lobular capillary haemangioma (LCH) is a benign proliferation of capillaries with a characteristic lobular architecture on microscopy; it has an affinity for mucous membrane and skin of the head and neck. It is extremely rare in the nasal cavity. We present the case of a 45-year-old man who presented with epistaxis without any predisposing factors, which was diagnosed as lobular capillary haemangioma.

Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia of root of nose: a rare phenomenon.

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE), also known as epithelioid haemangioma, is an atypical vascular tumour which occurs with a predilection for the head and neck region. It is characterized by the presence of solitary or multiple lesions with varying clinical appearances, from intradermal papules to subcutaneous nodules.

Amelanotic malignant melanoma of the cervical oesophagus.

We report the case of a young woman who presented with progressive dysphagia and swelling in the anterior aspect of the neck of short duration. On evaluation, she was diagnosed with amelanotic malignant melanoma of the cervical oesophagus. She underwent total laryngopharyngo-oesophagectomy with gastric transposition with bilateral modified radical neck dissection with feeding jejunostomy and a permanent tracheostomy with postoperative combined chemoradiation therapy.

Incidental 'ethmoid sinolith'--an unusual cause of frontal recess obstruction.

We report a case of a middle aged, hypertensive man who presented with nasal obstruction, sneezing spells, headache and nasal discharge of long duration. On evaluation, he was diagnosed to have a deviated nasal septum with allergic rhinosinusitis with sinonasal polyposis. CT of the paranasal sinuses revealed a hyperdense, oval structure suggestive of a sinolith in the right anterior ethmoid sinus.

Acute prevertebral abscess secondary to infected pancreatic pseudocyst.

We report a case of a middle aged, man with diabetes who presented with dysphagia and odynophagia. On evaluation, he was diagnosed to have an acute prevertebral abscess with an unusual aetiology, an infected pseudocyst of pancreas. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed an enhancing collection in the prevertebral space extending to the retrogastric space and communicating with the body of the pancreas via the oesophageal hiatus.

Migrating Ingested Foreign Body of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract with Resultant Septic Shock: Case report and literature review.

Complications due to foreign body ingestion are rare; however, if present, these can cause significant morbidity to the patient. An overlooked ingested foreign body could present as an emergency and may prove fatal. We present a case of an accidentally ingested foreign body with delayed presentation, which migrated to the neck and produced a cervical abscess presenting as septic shock.