Repair of the Bulbospongiosus Muscle to Suspend the Penis to the Pubic Bones in Proximal Hypospadias.

Background: In proximal hypospadias, ventral curvature is invariable and most have penoscrotal transposition, and we observed that the base of the penis (BOP) was located on the inferior aspect of the pubic bones in those, in contrast to the location of the BOP at the anterior end in normal penises. We also observed an unfused bulbospongiosus muscle (BSM) at surgery in those. The aim was to assess the impact of repairing the unfused BSM or transection and straightening of the urethral plate at the first operation on the low BOP.

Assessment of two diet types in reduced-crude protein diets with or without phytase supplementation - implications on key phenotypic responses in 21-day-old broiler chickens.

1. Two concurrent experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of using the crude protein (CP) value of supplemental amino acids (AA) in formulating reduced-crude protein (RCP) diets. The RCP diets formulated without accounting for CP values of supplemental AA (RCPN) or otherwise (RCPY) or a positive control (PC) diet were fed without (Experiment 1) or with (Experiment 2) phytase.

Apparent ileal amino acid digestibility, gut morphometrics, and gene expression of peptide and amino acid transporters in broiler chickens fed low-crude-protein diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids with soybean meal, canola meal, or corn DDGS as protein feedstuffs.

Background: We investigated the impact of using canola meal (CM) or corn distillers dried grain soluble (cDDGS) in place of soybean meal (SBM) in low-crude-protein diets supplemented with amino acids (AA) on AA digestibility, gut morphometrics, and AA transporter genes in broiler chicken. On day 0, 540 Cobb 500 male broilers were allocated to six diets in 36-floor pens. The positive control (PC) was a corn-SBM diet with adequate crude protein (CP).

Neighborhood Deprivation and DNA Methylation and Expression of Cancer Genes in Breast Tumors.

Importance: The biological processes that underlie the association of neighborhood environment with chronic diseases, such as cancer, remain poorly understood.

Objective: To determine whether differences in breast tissue DNA methylation are associated with neighborhood deprivation among Black and White women with breast cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study collected breast tissue from women undergoing surgery for breast cancer between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2003.

Diabetes-associated breast cancer is molecularly distinct and shows a DNA damage repair deficiency.

Diabetes commonly affects patients with cancer. We investigated the influence of diabetes on breast cancer biology using a 3-pronged approach that included analysis of orthotopic human tumor xenografts, patient tumors, and breast cancer cells exposed to diabetes/hyperglycemia-like conditions. We aimed to identify shared phenotypes and molecular signatures by investigating the metabolome, transcriptome, and tumor mutational burden.

Population-specific Mutation Patterns in Breast Tumors from African American, European American, and Kenyan Patients.

Unlabelled: Women of African descent have the highest breast cancer mortality in the United States and are more likely than women from other population groups to develop an aggressive disease. It remains uncertain to what extent breast cancer in Africa is reminiscent of breast cancer in African American or European American patients. Here, we performed whole-exome sequencing of genomic DNA from 191 breast tumor and non-cancerous adjacent tissue pairs obtained from 97 African American, 69 European American, 2 Asian American, and 23 Kenyan patients.

A review of indigenous knowledge and ethnopharmacological significance of African Copaiba Balsam Tree, (Fabaceae).

has found its indigenous relevance in the management of diseases including but not limited to diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, fever, ulcers, pain, worm manifestation, pneumonia, skin ailments, infectious diseases, sickle cell anaemia, hence, a review of its indigenous knowledge, ethnopharmacological and nutritional benefits was undertaken. Information used for the review was sourced from popular scientific databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, BioMed Central, JSTOR, African Plant, Global Biodiversity Information and others), conference proceedings, dissertations or theses, chapters in books, edited books, and journal collections. The materials obtained from 121 scientific documents targeting majorly between 1994 and 2023 established the presence of major secondary metabolites (such as polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, etc.

The RNA-binding protein Adad1 is necessary for germ cell maintenance and meiosis in zebrafish.

The double stranded RNA binding protein Adad1 (adenosine deaminase domain containing 1) is a member of the adenosine deaminase acting on RNAs (Adar) protein family with germ cell-specific expression. In mice, Adad1 is necessary for sperm differentiation, however its function outside of mammals has not been investigated. Here, through an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) based forward genetic screen, we identified an adad1 mutant zebrafish line that develops as sterile males.

Exploring the Use of Indigenous Wild Vegetables by the Basotho People of Southern Africa: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature and Nutritional Analysis of Selected Species.

Wild indigenous vegetables have recently been receiving attention due to their accessibility and potential to fight malnutrition. The current study investigated the nutritional profile of 10 selected wild indigenous vegetables, namely , , , , , , , , , and , consumed by the Basotho people of southern Africa. This was done by first compiling a comprehensive literature review to identify the knowledge gaps and further analysing the selected vegetables for mineral contents and proximate compositions using standard analytical procedures of AOAC.

Circulating trans fatty acids are associated with prostate cancer in Ghanaian and American men.

The association between fatty acids and prostate cancer remains poorly explored in African-descent populations. Here, we analyze 24 circulating fatty acids in 2934 men, including 1431 prostate cancer cases and 1503 population controls from Ghana and the United States, using CLIA-certified mass spectrometry-based assays. We investigate their associations with population groups (Ghanaian, African American, European American men), lifestyle factors, the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genetic locus, and prostate cancer.

The effects of arginine and branched-chain amino acid supplementation to reduced-protein diet on intestinal health, cecal short-chain fatty acid profiles, and immune response in broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria spp.

We investigated the effects of supplementing arginine (Arg) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in broilers fed reduced-protein diets and challenged with Eimeria spp. All birds were fed the same starter diet meeting Cobb 500 nutrient specifications from d 1 to 9. Four grower diets: positive control (PC) with 20.

Post-pubertal functional outcomes of one-stage anatomical reconstruction of the corpus spongiosum, bulbo-spongiosus muscle and dartos in 46 children with proximalhypospadias.

Introduction: Anatomical studies of hypospadias show failure of zipping-up of histologically normal urethral plate and corpus spongiosum. With the commonly utilized substitution urethroplasties for proximal hypospadias, a reconstructed urethra of just an "epithelial-lined tube" with no spongiosal support, is apt to long-term urinary and ejaculatory dysfunctions. We completed a one-stage anatomical reconstruction in children with proximal hypospadias whenever the ventral curvature could be reduced to <30° and evaluated the post-pubertal outcomes.

The impact of hydrocodone rescheduling on utilization, abuse, misuse, and overdose deaths.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of increased federal restrictions on hydrocodone combination product (HCP) utilization, misuse, abuse, and overdose death.

Methods: We assessed utilization, misuse, abuse, and overdose death trends involving hydrocodone versus select opioid analgesics (OAs) and heroin using descriptive and interrupted time-series (ITS) analyses during the nine quarters before and after the October 2014 rescheduling of HCPs from a less restrictive (CIII) to more restrictive (CII) category.

Results: Hydrocodone dispensing declined >30% over the study period, and declines accelerated after rescheduling.

Determination of standardised ileal digestibility of amino acids in high-fibre feedstuffs and additivity of apparent and standardised ileal amino acids digestibility of diets containing mixtures of maize, sorghum, and soybean meal.

1. Two experiments were conducted to determine the coefficients of standardised ileal amino acid digestibility for selected high-fibre feedstuffs (Expt.1) and to assess the additivity of coefficients of apparent (cAIAAD) and standardised (cSIAAD) ileal amino acid digestibility for diets containing combinations of sorghum, maize and soybean meal.

Network Pharmacology- and Molecular Dynamics Simulation-Based Bioprospection of for Type-2 Diabetes Care.

The medicinal herb (rooibos) is globally recognized in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment due to its known and distinctive compounds. This work utilized network pharmacology (NP) coupled with molecular dynamics simulation in gaining new insight into the anti-diabetic molecular mechanism of action of rooibos teas. It looked at the interactions between rooibos constituents with various relevant protein receptors and signaling routes associated with T2DM progression.

Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal with Canola Meal or Corn DDGS in Low-Protein Diets Supplemented with Crystalline Amino Acids-Effect on Growth Performance, Whole-Body Composition, and Litter Characteristics.

A 42-day study was conducted to explore the application of supplemental amino acids (AA) in low-protein diets with soybean meal (SBM), canola meal (CM) or corn distillers dried grain with solubles (cDDGS) as the main protein feedstuffs. The responses of interest were growth performance, carcass yield, whole-body composition, litter ammonia and litter N. On d 0, a total of 540 Cobb 500 (off-sex) male broilers were allocated to 36 floor pens.

Validation of Acute Pancreatitis Among Adults in an Integrated Healthcare System.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a serious gastrointestinal disease that is an important target for drug safety surveillance. Little is known about the accuracy of ICD-10 codes for acute pancreatitis in the United States, or their performance in specific clinical settings. We conducted a validation study to assess the accuracy of acute pancreatitis ICD-10 diagnosis codes in inpatient, emergency department (ED), and outpatient settings.

45 years' experience with early childhood anatomical technique of feminising genitoplasty for 46 XX Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia -observations of vaginal introital anatomy and its relationship to the perineal body.

In Manchester, feminising genitoplasty is offered to children with 46XX Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) when there is a single perineal opening and/or enlarged clitoris. Our aims are to describe the anatomical reconstructive technique and present long-term outcomes. Our hypothesis is that 'the common channel (CC) length and distance to the vagina from perineal skin is mostly due to virilisation and hypertrophy of perineal tissue over the almost normally positioned vaginal introitus (V-I) in relation to the perineal body (PB)'.

A cohort study to assess risk of cutaneous small vessel vasculitis among users of different oral anticoagulants.

Purpose: Cutaneous small vessel vasculitis (CSVV) was identified as a safety signal among patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). This study aimed to determine if CSVV risk differed among patients with atrial fibrillation (Afib) who newly initiated warfarin or a DOAC.

Methods: We identified enrollees aged ≥21 years diagnosed with Afib who newly initiated rivaroxaban, dabigatran, apixaban, and warfarin in the Sentinel Distributed Database from October 19, 2010 to February 29, 2020.

Wandering through southwestern Nigeria: An inventory of Yoruba useful angiosperm plants.

This paper is a compilation of all known uses of angiosperm plants by the Yoruba people of southwestern Nigeria. Information was gathered from the past experiences of authors and surveys of books, journal articles, dissertations (published and unpublished) and theses using online databases. The review presents 493 angiosperm species (65 monocots and 428 dicots) belonging to 99 families, of which Fabaceae contributed the highest number of useful plants (72 spp.