Exploring genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance in strains of human and animal origin from India.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in , the causative agent of brucellosis, is of growing concern, particularly in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to explore the genetic basis of AMR in strains from India.

Methods: Twenty-four isolates from humans and animals were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing.

Estimation and correlation of serum and salivary glucose and immunoglobulin A levels and salivary candidal carriage in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

A correlation has been noted between diabetes mellitus (DM) and changes in the oral cavity. The present study aimed to estimate, compare, and correlate serum and salivary glucose and IgA levels and salivary candidal carriage in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Eighty-eight subjects were categorized into three groups: group 1 (controlled DM; n=27), group 2 (uncontrolled DM; n=32) and group 3 (non-diabetics; n=29).

A novel ready-to-use dry-reagent polymerase chain reaction for detection of & species.

Background & Objectives: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has wide acceptance for rapid identification of pathogens and also for diagnosis of infectious conditions. However, because of economic and expertise constraints, a majority of small or peripheral laboratories do not use PCR. The objective of the present study was to develop a dry-reagent PCR assay as an alternative to conventional PCR to assess its applicability in routine laboratory practice using malB gene for identification of Escherichia coli as a model.

Evaluation of a modified protocol that decreases the turnaround time of positive blood cultures.

Background And Objectives: Neonatal septicemia can be rapidly fatal if not treated promptly. A speedy laboratory diagnosis would improve the outcome. The BacT/ALERT 3D system (bioMerieux, Durham, North Carolina) is currently being used for laboratory diagnosis of blood stream infections.

Development of a dry-reagent mix-based polymerase chain reaction as a novel tool for the identification of species and its comparison with conventional polymerase chain reaction.

Background: Nosocomial infections are often caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria and the incidence is increasing. , a Gram-negative bacillus, is commonly associated with the use of intravascular catheterization and airway intubation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for identification of from samples has been standardized that use conventional wet-reagent mix.

Identification of genus : Standardization of in-house PCR and its comparison with conventional phenotypic methods.

Background: is grouped under nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli. It is increasingly isolated from pathological samples. The ability of this genus to acquire drug resistance and spread in the hospital settings is posing a grave problem in healthcare.

Trend of human brucellosis over a decade at tertiary care centre in North Karnataka.

Background: Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease. India having a major agrarian population is expected to have a higher prevalence. However, due to lack of laboratory facility or awareness among clinicians, the disease is largely underreported.

PCR as a diagnostic tool for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis.

Introduction: Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for approximately 40% of the tuberculosis cases. Though it is not communicable, it is a significant cause of morbidity. This study was conducted to know the efficacy of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as an additional tool, along with the conventional methods, in the diagnosis of EPTB.

Antibacterial drug resistance and its impact on dentistry.

The continuing emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria is a global health problem. Multi-drug resistance is now widespread. Resistance rates differ noticeably on a worldwide, regional and even institutional basis.

Association of platelet count and serological markers of dengue infection- importance of NS1 antigen.

Introduction: Dengue is an acute viral infection with potential fatal complications. Specific antibody detection has been the mainstay of diagnosis which is prone for both false positive and false negative reactions. The newer parameter NS1 appears to be highly specific and reliable for diagnosis of dengue infection from the first day of fever.

Efficacy of antibacterial sealing gel and O-ring to prevent microleakage at the implant abutment interface: an in vitro study.

Gaps and hollow spaces at the implant abutment interface will act as a bacterial reservoir that may cause peri-implantitis. Hence, the sealing ability of O-ring (in addition to polysiloxane) and GapSeal (an antibacterial sealing gel) was evaluated. A total of 45 identical implant systems (ADIN Dental Implant Systems) were divided into 3 groups of 15 implants each: an unsealed group, a group sealed with O-rings, and a group sealed with GapSeal gel.

Comparative study of adherence of oral Candida albicans isolates from HIV sero-positive individuals and HIV sero-negative individuals to human buccal epithelial cells.

Aim: Candida albicans occurs as a commensal of the gastrointestinal tract. Under predisposing conditions, candida can produce a broad array of infections. HIV seropositive individuals show increased oral colonization compared to the HIV seronegative healthy individuals.

Isolation of Salmonella enterica serotype Isangi from a suspected case of enteric encephalopathy.

Nontyphoidal salmonella species are thought to be potentially infectious to humans and many are documented to cause human diseases. We isolated S. Isangi from the blood of a 30-year-old man with complaints of diarrhoea, fever, and altered sensorium.

Phenotypic detection of inducible clindamycin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolates by using the lower limit of recommended inter-disk distance.

Context: Clindamycin is one of the important alternative antibiotics in the therapy of Staphylococcus aureus, particularly in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections. Inducible clindamycin resistance (iMLS B--inducible Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B resistance) is a critical factor in antimicrobial susceptibility testing.