Pterostilbene protects against H O -induced oxidative stress by regulating GAS6/Axl signaling in HL-1 cells.

Pterostilbene (PTE, trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxystilbene), a natural plant polyphenol, possesses numerous pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiatherosclerotic, and neuroprotective aspects. This study aims to investigate whether PTE plays a protective role against oxidative stress injury by GAS6/Axl signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes. Hydrogen peroxide (H O )-induced oxidative stress HL-1 cells were used as models.

CC chemokines family in fibrosis and aging: From mechanisms to therapy.

Fibrosis is a universal aging-related pathological process in the different organ, but is actually a self-repair excessive response. To date, it still remains a large unmet therapeutic need to restore injured tissue architecture without detrimental side effects, due to the limited clinical success in the treatment of fibrotic disease. Although specific organ fibrosis and the associated triggers have distinct pathophysiological and clinical manifestations, they often share involved cascades and common traits, including inflammatory stimuli, endothelial cell injury, and macrophage recruitment.

Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli to efficiently produce monophosphoryl lipid A.

Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), mainly isolated from Salmonella minnesota R595, has been used as adjuvant in several vaccines. In this study, an Escherichia coli strain that can efficiently produce the MPL has been constructed. The gene clusters related to the biosynthesis of O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, enterobacterial common antigen, and colanic acid were sequentially removed to save the carbon source and to increase the activity of PagP in E.

GAS6/Axl is associated with AMPK activation and attenuates HO-induced oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress plays a key part in cardiovascular event. Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) is a vitamin K-dependent ligand which has been shown to exert important effects in heart. The effects of GAS6 were evaluated against hydrogen peroxide (HO) ‑induced oxidative stress injury in HL-1 cardiomyocytes.

Psoralidin protects against cerebral hypoxia/reoxygenation injury: Role of GAS6/Axl signaling.

Psoralidin (PSO) is a natural phenolic coumarin extracted from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. Growing preclinical evidence indicates that PSO has anti-inflammatory, anti-vitiligo, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral effects. Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (GAS6) and its receptor, Axl, modulate cellular oxidative stress, apoptosis, survival, proliferation, migration, and mitogenesis.

Neuroprotective Effects of Omentin-1 Against Cerebral Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury via Activating GAS6/Axl Signaling Pathway in Neuroblastoma Cells.

Ischemic stroke is characterized by insufficient blood supply to brain tissue and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in adults worldwide. Growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6) is a vitamin K-dependent protein and is widely expressed in the central nervous system. The biological functions of GAS6 are mediated by the interaction with TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mertk) receptors, including cell survival and proliferation, immune regulation and apoptosis.

Omentin-1: a newly discovered warrior against metabolic related diseases.

Introduction: Chronic metabolism-related diseases are challenging clinical problems. Omentin-1 is mainly expressed in stromal vascular cells of adipose tissue and can also be expressed in airway goblet cells, mesothelial cells, and vascular cells. Omentin-1 has been found to exert important anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-apoptotic roles and to regulate endothelial dysfunction.

Application of animal experimental models in the research of schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a relatively common but serious mental illness that results in a heavy burden to patients, their families, and society. The disease can be triggered by multiple factors, while the specific pathogenesis remains unclear. The development of effective therapeutic drugs for schizophrenia relies on a comprehensive understanding of the basic biology and pathophysiology of the disease.

MicroRNA-134 suppresses cell proliferation in gastric cancer cells via targeting of GOLPH3.

Emerging evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in tumor development and progression. miR-134 has been found to act as a tumor-suppressor in numerous types of cancers. However, little is known concerning the potential role of miR-134 in gastric carcinogenesis.

Gαo represses insulin secretion by reducing vesicular docking in pancreatic beta-cells.

Objective: Pertussis toxin uncoupling-based studies have shown that Gαi and Gαo can inhibit insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. Yet it is unclear whether Gαi and Gαo operate through identical mechanisms and how these G-protein-mediated signals inhibit insulin secretion in vivo. Our objective is to examine whether/how Gαo regulates islet development and insulin secretion in β-cells.

A CK19(CreERT) knockin mouse line allows for conditional DNA recombination in epithelial cells in multiple endodermal organs.

Cre/LoxP-mediated DNA recombination allows for gene function and cell lineage analyses during embryonic development and tissue regeneration. Here, we describe the derivation of a K19(CreERT) mouse line in which the tamoxifen-activable CreER(T) was knocked into the endogenous cytokeratin 19 locus. In the absence of tamoxifen, leaky Cre activity could be detected only in less than 1% of stomach and intestinal epithelial cells, but not in pancreatic or hepatic epithelial tissues.

Myt1 and Ngn3 form a feed-forward expression loop to promote endocrine islet cell differentiation.

High levels of Ngn3 expression in pancreatic progenitor cells are both necessary and sufficient to initiate endocrine differentiation. While it is clear that the Notch-Hes1-mediated signals control the number of Ngn3-expressing cells in the developing pancreas, it is not known what factors control the level of Ngn3 expression in individual pancreatic cells. Here we report that Myt1b and Ngn3 form a feed-forward expression loop that regulates endocrine differentiation.

Loss of Myt1 function partially compromises endocrine islet cell differentiation and pancreatic physiological function in the mouse.

Myelin transcription factor 1 (Myt1) is one of the three vertebrate C2HC-type zinc finger transcription factors that include Myt1 (Nzf1), Myt1L (Png1), and Myt3 (Nzf3, St18). All three paralogs are widely expressed in developing neuronal cells. Yet their function for mammalian development has not been investigated directly.

The fringe molecules induce endocrine differentiation in embryonic endoderm by activating cMyt1/cMyt3.

Endocrine differentiation in the early embryonic pancreas is regulated by Notch signaling. Activated Notch signaling maintains pancreatic progenitor cells in an undifferentiated state, whereas suppression of Notch leads to endocrine cell differentiation. Yet it is not known what mechanism is employed to inactivate Notch in a correct number of precursor cells to balance progenitor proliferation and differentiation.

[Advance in association studies of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene polymorphisms with traits of resistance against infectious disease in chickens].

Chicken is a main poultry in China. Molecular breeding for disease resistance plays an important role in the control of diseases, especially infectious diseases. Choice of genes for disease resistance is the key technology of molecular breeding.