Assembly of the bacterial ribosome with circularly permuted rRNA.

Co-transcriptional assembly is an integral feature of the formation of RNA-protein complexes that mediate translation. For ribosome synthesis, prior studies have indicated that the strict order of transcription of rRNA domains may not be obligatory during bacterial ribosome biogenesis, since a series of circularly permuted rRNAs are viable. In this work, we report the structural insights into assembly of the bacterial ribosome large subunit (LSU) based on cryo-EM density maps of intermediates that accumulate during in vitro ribosome synthesis using a set of circularly permuted (CiPer) rRNAs.

Domain consolidation in Bacterial 50S assembly revealed by Anti-Sense Oligonucleotide Probing.

Investigating the intricate and rapid folding kinetics of large RNA-protein complexes (RNPs), like the bacterial ribosome, remains a formidable challenge in structural biology. Previous genetic approaches to probe assembly have focused on modulating the expression of either r-proteins or assembly factors. Here, anti-sense oligonucleotides (ASOs) were used to disrupt native RNA/RNA and RNA/protein interactions, in order to generate novel folding intermediates.

Utility of Asymmetric Multilevel Pontes Osteotomy in Ankylosing Spondylitis with Scoliosis using Ultrasonic Bone Scalpel: Case Report.

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis is a spondyloarthropathy that commonly involves the axial skeleton with predilection to the sacro-iliac joints and spine. The disease frequently results in a smooth globular kyphotic deformity of the spine; however, a coronal plane scoliotic deformity is extremely rare. We present a unique case of scoliotic deformity in a patient diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis.

Assembly of the Bacterial Ribosome with Circularly Permuted rRNA.

Co-transcriptional assembly is an integral feature of the formation of RNA-protein complexes that mediate translation. For ribosome synthesis, prior studies have indicated that the strict order of transcription of rRNA domains may not be obligatory during bacterial ribosome biogenesis, since a series of circularly permuted rRNAs are viable. In this work, we report the insights into assembly of the bacterial ribosome large subunit (LSU) based on cryo-EM density maps of intermediates that accumulate during ribosome synthesis using a set of circularly permuted (CiPer) rRNAs.

Oligomeric HIV-1 Integrase Structures Reveal Functional Plasticity for Intasome Assembly and RNA Binding.

Integrase (IN) performs dual essential roles during HIV-1 replication. During ingress, IN functions within an oligomeric "intasome" assembly to catalyze viral DNA integration into host chromatin. During late stages of infection, tetrameric IN binds viral RNA and orchestrates the condensation of ribonucleoprotein complexes into the capsid core.

Overcoming resolution attenuation during tilted cryo-EM data collection.

Structural biology efforts using cryogenic electron microscopy are frequently stifled by specimens adopting "preferred orientations" on grids, leading to anisotropic map resolution and impeding structure determination. Tilting the specimen stage during data collection is a generalizable solution but has historically led to substantial resolution attenuation. Here, we develop updated data collection and image processing workflows and demonstrate, using multiple specimens, that resolution attenuation is negligible or significantly reduced across tilt angles.

Cervical Schwannoma camouflaged by cervical intervertebral disc prolapse-A case report.

Introduction: Cervical prolapsed intervertebral disc is one of the common conditions causing cervical myeloradiculopathy. Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) is the standard line of management for the same. Intradural neurogenic origin tumors are relatively rare and can present with features of myeloradiculopathy.

"Critical pedicle wall" breaches analysis in complex spinal deformity using O-arm navigation.

Background: Free-hand and fluoroscopic-guided pedicle screw placement has been associated with higher rates of pedicle breaches (frequency range 15-40% especially in deformed pedicles). Neurological complications are more "critical" (i.e.

Learning curve across 2000 thoracolumbar pedicle screw placements using O-arm navigation: technical difficulties and their solutions.

Introduction: Instrumentation using the intraoperative O-arm navigation technique appears safer than its predecessor techniques. However, only a handful of surgeons often used navigation during spinal surgeries. Too many operative glitches and unreliable navigation accuracy were the important reasons cited even by experienced surgeons for not using spinal navigation.

Overcoming Resolution Attenuation During Tilted Cryo-EM Data Collection.

Structural biology efforts using cryogenic electron microscopy are frequently stifled by specimens adopting "preferred orientations" on grids, leading to anisotropic map resolution and impeding structure determination. Tilting the specimen stage during data collection is a generalizable solution but has historically led to substantial resolution attenuation. Here, we develop updated data collection and image processing workflows and demonstrate, using multiple specimens, that resolution attenuation is negligible or significantly reduced across tilt angles.

Genetic Evaluation and Screening in Cardiomyopathies: Opportunities and Challenges for Personalized Medicine.

Cardiomyopathy is a major cause of heart failure caused by abnormalities of the heart muscles that make it harder for it to fill or eject blood. With technological advances, it is important for patients and families to understand that there are potential monogenic etiologies of cardiomyopathy. A multidisciplinary approach to clinical genetic screening for cardiomyopathies involving genetic counseling and clinical genetic testing is beneficial for patients and families.

What does a department need to get involved in clinical trials?

Clinical trials are conducted to evaluate the usefulness of a drug, medical treatment, surgical intervention, radiological procedure, behavioral intervention, or preventive health care strategy. Clinical trials are challenging, time-consuming, and need careful planning and execution. There are certain requirements for an academic unit to be ready for conducting quality research, especially clinical trials.

Autologous Wrapping Fibular Strut Graft and Iliac Bone Graft for the Treatment of Septic Non-union of Pediatric Ulnar Fracture: A Case Report.

Introduction: Infected non-union is rare in pediatric patients. Various methods have been described in the literature to manage such cases. We present a familiar and simple technique to treat a non-union in pediatric population.

Utility of selected sequence MRI imaging of the axial skeleton in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis.

Background: Whole body MRI has been used to evaluate inflammatory lesions associated with axial spondyloarthritis (SpA). These sequences are extensive, time consuming and add to the cost of the investigation. We aimed to determine the utility of selected sequence MRI imaging of the axial skeleton including spine, pelvis and sacroiliac (SI) joints to identify features of (SpA).

B-to-A transition in target DNA during retroviral integration.

Integration into host target DNA (tDNA), a hallmark of retroviral replication, is mediated by the intasome, a multimer of integrase (IN) assembled on viral DNA (vDNA) ends. To ascertain aspects of tDNA recognition during integration, we have solved the 3.5 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) strand transfer complex (STC) intasome.

Single-Particle Cryo-EM Data Collection with Stage Tilt using Leginon.

Single-particle analysis (SPA) by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is now a mainstream technique for high-resolution structural biology. Structure determination by SPA relies upon obtaining multiple distinct views of a macromolecular object vitrified within a thin layer of ice. Ideally, a collection of uniformly distributed random projection orientations would amount to all possible views of the object, giving rise to reconstructions characterized by isotropic directional resolution.

Standalone cage versus anchored cage for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a comparative analysis of clinical and radiological outcomes.

Purpose: The use of standalone cages (SAC) and anchored cages (AC) in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery (ACDF) has shown advantage of reduced operative time and lower incidence of dysphagia. However, there is limited literature available comparing the clinical and radiological outcomes of SAC and AC.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study for patients undergoing ACDF for cervical radiculopathy or myelopathy.

Osteosclerotic Multiple Myeloma without POEMS Syndrome - A Rare Case Report.

Introduction: Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell neoplasm that is commonly associated with lytic bone lesions; however, osteosclerotic multiple myeloma is a rare entity. Osteosclerotic multiple myeloma has been reported in association with POEMS syndrome.

Case Presentation: A 60-year-old female patient presented to us with low back pain for 2 months.

Short-term results of a novel management of supracondylar fracture with coexisting osteoarthritis with bifold fixation and total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: Presence of supracondylar and periarticular femoral fracture with associated arthritis of knee poses a challenging situation to the orthopaedic surgeon. The results of fixation of fracture in osteoporosis are not very satisfactory and have complications. With fixation alone, they still cannot bear weight on affected leg due to severe disability of osteoarthritis.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates (MIS-N) associated with SARS-CoV2 infection: a case series.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates (MIS-N) is hypothesised to be caused either following transplacental transfer of SARS-CoV2 antibodies or antibodies developed in the neonate after infection with SARS-CoV-2. In this paper, we aim to discuss the clinical manifestations, laboratory features, and management of neonates diagnosed with MIS-N. We collated information from five participating hospitals in western India.

Gene Xpert/MTB RIF assay for spinal tuberculosis- sensitivity, specificity and clinical utility.

Background: Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a rapid automated molecular test with excellent reported sensitivity, specificity for diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary Mycobacterium (MTB) infections. However, the clinical utility and accuracy in STB is not well established. A study was conducted to report on the sensitivity, specificity and clinical utility of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in spinal tuberculosis (STB).

A common binding motif in the ET domain of BRD3 forms polymorphic structural interfaces with host and viral proteins.

The extraterminal (ET) domain of BRD3 is conserved among BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4), interacting with multiple host and viral protein-protein networks. Solution NMR structures of complexes formed between the BRD3 ET domain and either the 79-residue murine leukemia virus integrase (IN) C-terminal domain (IN) or its 22-residue IN tail peptide (IN) alone reveal similar intermolecular three-stranded β-sheet formations. N relaxation studies reveal a 10-residue linker region (IN) tethering the SH3 domain (IN) to the ET-binding motif (IN):ET complex.

Evaluating Local and Directional Resolution of Cryo-EM Density Maps.

A systematic and quantitative evaluation of cryo-EM maps is necessary to judge their quality and to capture all possible sources of error. A single value for global resolution is insufficient to accurately describe the quality of a reconstructed density. We describe the estimation and evaluation of two additional resolution measures, local and directional resolution, using methods based on the Fourier shell correlation (FSC).

Clinical and radiological factors associated with postoperative shoulder imbalance and correlation with patient-reported outcomes following scoliosis surgery.

Background: Shoulder balance (SB) is an important cosmetic concern and is a determinant to assess outcomes following scoliosis surgery. Shoulder imbalance (SI) has been studied predominantly in idiopathic scoliosis with limited literature on other etiologies.

Purpose: To assess SB following scoliosis surgery and correlate SRS-30 self-image scores with radiological shoulder imbalance SI.

Impact of Patient Counseling and Socioeconomic Factors on Initiation of Rehabilitation Program in Spinal Cord Injury Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Spine Unit in India.

Study Design: Prospective case series.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of education, financial income, occupation, and patient counseling on the timing of enrolment in a spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation program.

Overview Of Literature: A rehabilitation program following SCI is essential to improve functional outcomes.