Interaction of living cable bacteria with carbon electrodes in bioelectrochemical systems.

Unlabelled: Cable bacteria are filamentous bacteria that couple the oxidation of sulfide in sediments to the reduction of oxygen via long-distance electron transport over centimeter distances through periplasmic wires. However, the capability of cable bacteria to perform extracellular electron transfer to acceptors, such as electrodes, has remained elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that living cable bacteria actively move toward electrodes in different bioelectrochemical systems.

A Weak Electricigen-Based Bioelectrochemical Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Chemical Pollutants in Water.

Electroactive microorganisms are now understood to be abundant across nature, though many are categorized as "weak electricigens" not suitable for reasonable power generation. We report the use of weak electricigens from the natural environment for rapid, real-time water quality monitoring. Using a variety of pesticides as model chemical pollutants, the bioelectrochemical sensor was responsive within minutes at all concentrations tested (0.

Impact of comedonecrosis on prostate cancer outcome: a systematic review.

Cribriform architecture has been recognised as an independent parameter for prostate cancer outcome. Little is yet known on the added value of individual Gleason 5 growth patterns. Comedonecrosis is assigned Gleason pattern 5 and can occur in both invasive and intraductal carcinoma.

Draft Genome Sequence of a sp., a Member of an Electroactive Community Enriched from Wastewater from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.

The draft genome sequence of sp. is reported here. The genome was recovered from a mixed-species electroactive community in a microbial fuel cell that had been inoculated with wastewater from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.

Validity of a two-antibody testing algorithm for mismatch repair deficiency testing in cancer; a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Reflex mismatch repair immunohistochemistry (MMR IHC) testing for MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6 is used to screen for Lynch syndrome. Recently MMR-deficiency (MMRd) has been approved as a pan-cancer predictive biomarker for checkpoint inhibitor therapy, leading to a vast increase in the use of MMR IHC in clinical practice. We explored whether immunohistochemical staining with PMS2 and MSH6 can be used as a reliable substitute.

Microcystic elongated and fragmented (MELF) pattern of invasion: Molecular features and prognostic significance in the PORTEC-1 and -2 trials.

Objective: Microcystic, elongated fragmented (MELF) pattern of myometrial invasion is a distinct histologic feature occasionally seen in low-grade endometrial carcinomas (EC). The prognostic relevance of MELF invasion was uncertain due to conflicting data, and it had not yet appropriately been studied in the context of the molecular EC classification. We aimed to determine the relation of MELF invasion with clinicopathological and molecular characteristics, and define its prognostic relevance in early-stage low/intermediate risk EC.

Uncomplicated oocyte donation pregnancies display an elevated CD163-positive type 2 macrophage load in the decidua, which is associated with fetal-maternal HLA mismatches.

Problem: The embryo of an oocyte donation (OD) pregnancy is completely allogeneic to the mother, which may challenge the maternal immune system to tolerize the fetus. Decidual macrophages are essential in maintaining a healthy pregnancy, and type 2 macrophages may exhibit immune suppressive activity. We hypothesized that the composition of decidual macrophages is different between uncomplicated OD pregnancies and non-OD in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies, and is related to fetal-maternal incompatibility.

Capturing the signal of weak electricigens: a worthy endeavour.

Recently several non-traditional electroactive microorganisms have been discovered. These can be considered weak electricigens; microorganisms that typically rely on soluble electron acceptors and donors in their lifecycle but are also capable of extracellular electron transfer (EET), resulting in either a low, unreliable, or otherwise unexpected current. These unanticipated electroactive microorganisms represent a new chapter in electromicrobiology and have important medical, environmental, and biotechnological relevance.

Synergistic effects in a microbial fuel cell between co-cultures and a photosynthetic alga improve performance.

Microbial communities are catalysts that drive the operation of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this study, the use of a defined co-culture of and towards improved power generation in MFCs is described. The co-culture has been initially evaluated for substrate consumption, biofilm formation and microbial electron transfer activity.

Dye reduction-based electron-transfer activity monitoring assay for assessing microbial electron transfer activity of microbial fuel cell inocula.

Microbial fuel cells (MFC) utilize microbes as catalysts to convert chemical energy to electricity. Inocula used for MFC operation must therefore contain active microbial population. The dye reduction-based electron-transfer activity monitoring (DREAM) assay was employed to evaluate different inocula used in MFCs for their microbial bioelectrical activity.

Recovery of chromium, copper and vanadium combined with electricity generation in two-chambered microbial fuel cells.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) offer a promising solution towards recovery and treatment of heavy metal pollutants. In this study, two-chambered MFCs were employed for recovery of chromium, copper and vanadium (Cr (VI), Cu (II) and V (V)). One g/L concentrations of K2Cr2O7, CuCl2 and NaVO3 served as catholytes, while a mixed culture was used as anolyte.

How does electron transfer occur in microbial fuel cells?

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have emerged as a promising technology for sustainable wastewater treatment coupled with electricity generation. A MFC is a device that uses microbes as catalysts to convert chemical energy present in biomass into electrical energy. Among the various mechanisms that drive the operation of a MFC, extracellular electron transfer (EET) to the anode is one of the most important.

Screening sediment samples used as anolytes in microbial fuel cells for microbial electron transfer activity using DREAM assay.

Objective: The dye reduction-based electron-transfer activity monitoring (DREAM) assay was employed to screen sediment and wastewater samples functioning as anolytes in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for their microbial electron transfer activity.

Results: Electron transfer to redox dyes from microbial activity reduced the dyes and the resulting extent of reduction was measured as DREAM assay coefficient. Methylene blue was decolourised, while resazurin underwent florigenic change from blue to pink to colourless upon formation of resorufin and dihydroxyresorufin.

An improvised microtiter dish biofilm assay for non-invasive biofilm detection on microbial fuel cell anodes and studying biofilm growth conditions.

Microbial life is predominantly observed as biofilms, which are a sessile aggregation of microbial cells formed in response to stress conditions. The microtiter dish biofilm formation assay is one of the most important methods of studying biofilm formation. In this study, the assay has been improvised to allow easy detection of biofilm formation on different substrata.

Assessing Activity of Antimicrobial Agents and Screening Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Through DREAM Assay.

Antibiotics have assumed importance in the scene of medicine due to their activity against bacterial infections. During the course of evolution, bacteria have been developing routes to overcome damaging effects of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance is an intriguing development that has taken the world of anti-microbial therapy by storm.

Carbon quantum dots shuttle electrons to the anode of a microbial fuel cell.

Electrodes based on graphite, graphene, and carbon nanomaterials have been used in the anode chamber of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Carbon quantum dots (C-dots) are a class of versatile nanomaterials hitherto not reported in MFCs. C-dots previously synthesized from coconut husk were reported to possess hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups on their surface.

Effect of impaired renal function and haemodialysis on the pharmacokinetics of aprepitant.

Background: The neurokinin NK(1)-receptor antagonist aprepitant has demonstrated efficacy in preventing highly emetogenic chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of impaired renal function on the pharmacokinetics and safety of aprepitant.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 32 patients and healthy subjects were evaluated in this open-label, two-part study.

Uric acid: role in cardiovascular disease and effects of losartan.

A substantial body of epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that serum uric acid is an important, independent risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease especially in patients with hypertension, heart failure, or diabetes. Elevated serum uric acid is highly predictive of mortality in patients with heart failure or coronary artery disease and of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. Further, patients with hypertension and hyperuricemia have a 3- to 5-fold increased risk of experiencing coronary artery disease or cerebrovascular disease compared with patients with normal uric acid levels.

HLA-B typing by allele separation followed by direct sequencing.

Due to the enormous allelic diversity of the HLA-B locus, it has been difficult to design an unambiguous molecular typing method for the alleles at this locus. Here we describe a technique for the direct sequencing of HLA-B alleles. Initially, HLA-B alleles were PCR-amplified after locus-specific reverse transcription of RNA.