N/O-Codoped Ultrathin Porous Biochar Derived from Casein for Fast Adsorption of Iodine.

The release of radioactive iodine into the environment poses a significant threat, as it can contaminate soil, water, and food chains, leading to detrimental effects on ecosystems and biodiversity. Hence, employing the adsorption method proves to be a simple yet effective approach for treating radioactive waste. N/O-codoped ultrathin porous biochar, synthesized from casein using NaHCO activation, emerges as a potential candidate for adsorption materials.

Orthogonal pinhole-imaging-based learning salp swarm algorithm with self-adaptive structure for global optimization.

Salp swarm algorithm (SSA) is a simple and effective bio-inspired algorithm that is gaining popularity in global optimization problems. In this paper, first, based on the pinhole imaging phenomenon and opposition-based learning mechanism, a new strategy called pinhole-imaging-based learning (PIBL) is proposed. Then, the PIBL strategy is combined with orthogonal experimental design (OED) to propose an OPIBL mechanism that helps the algorithm to jump out of the local optimum.

Velocity clamping-assisted adaptive salp swarm algorithm: balance analysis and case studies.

Salp swarm algorithm (SSA) is a recently proposed, powerful swarm-intelligence based optimizer, which is inspired by the unique foraging style of salps in oceans. However, the original SSA suffers from some limitations including immature balance between exploitation and exploration operators, slow convergence and local optimal stagnation. To alleviate these deficiencies, a modified SSA (called VC-SSA) with velocity clamping strategy, reduction factor tactic, and adaptive weight mechanism is developed.

Electrophoretic separation of alginic sodium diester and sodium hexametaphosphate in chondroitin sulfate that interfere with the cetylpyridinium chloride titration assay.

The most commonly used chondroitin sulfate (CS) assay method is cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) titration. Cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis (CAME) is the technique used for detection of impurities in the U.S.